SAE AIR 5303-2010 Infrasound Phenomenon in Engine Test Cells《英式试验机翼构架的次声现象》.pdf
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1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2010 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside US
4、A) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AIR5303AEROSPACEINFORMATIONREPORTAIR5303 Issued 2010-02Infrasound Phenomenon in Engine Test Cel
5、ls RATIONALEThe rationale behind this document is to provide background information on the subject of infrasound as it pertains to the use of gas turbine engines in indoor test cells. Little information exists as to the driving mechanisms behind this phenomenon, but it can cause significant problems
6、 for a test cell operator, thus it was considered important to educate the test cell owner about the possible presence of such a condition, and to the possible solutions that may be used to solve an infrasound problem. INTRODUCTIONAs gas turbine engine technology advances, the size and power of each
7、 new engine generation has increased significantly. While the energy output of modern engines has doubled in the last twenty years, the size of the facilities used to test these engines has not. The phenomenon known as infrasound, has been known for many years in the medical and oceanographic fields
8、. However, its appearance in the gas turbine testing field has not been widely known or accepted until relatively recently. The major reason for this is the inability to easily measure and quantify the phenomenon. Infrasound is a term given to sub-audible noise in the 1 to 20 Hz range. Since it is g
9、enerally not heard, infrasound surfaces mostly in anecdotal accounts of problems associated with vibration and rattling of windows and other equipment in buildings some distance away from the engine test facility. In addition increasing pressure from airport authorities and other regulatory agencies
10、 requires that infrasound limits be added to the specifications to be met when a new test facility is built. Thus a better understanding of the factors leading to this aero-acoustic problem is certainly needed by both the test cell operator and the test cell designer. The purpose of this paper is to
11、 identify the infrasound phenomenon, including its possible cause(s), relate the various types based on the source, and describe some of the typical “fixes” that have been used to try and solve the problem. Work on a complete solution for infrasound problems associated with gas turbine test faciliti
12、es in on-going by many facility designers, so this paper is really an introduction to those who are unfamiliar with the phenomenon or who may suspect that that have an infrasound problem. SAE AIR5303 Page 2 of 111. SCOPE This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been written for individuals as
13、sociated with the ground level testing of large turbofan and turbojet engines, and particularly those who are interested in infrasound phenomena. 2. REFERENCES The following is a list of some applicable references and documents used in the preparation of this information report: 1. James C. Battis a
14、nd Francis A. Crowley, Forecasting Hush House Induced Vibro-acoustics, AFGL-TR-87-0221, 14 July, 1987. 2. D. G. Mabey, Reduction of Infrasound from the Auxiliary Compressors of a large Wind Tunnel, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 63, March 8, 1979. 3. S. D. Noel and R. W. Whitaker, Comparison o
15、f Noise Reduction Systems, Report No. DE91-015318, LA-12008-MS. Los Alamos National Lab., 1991. 4. R. W. Whitaker, S. D. Noel, and W. R. Meadows, Infrasonic Observations and Modeling of the Minor Uncle High Explosion Devise, Report No. LA-UR-94-2771; Conf-9406244-1, August 1999. 5. M. L. S. Vercamme
16、n, Setting Limits on Low Frequency Noise, Journal of Low Frequency Sound, Vol. 8, No.4, 1989. 6. H. Pawlaczyk and M. Luszcznska, An Application of a Three Element Microphone Measuring Method for Locating Distant Sources of Infrasonic Noise, Journal of Low Frequency Noise and Vibration, Vol. 15, No.
17、2, 1996. 7. H. Onusic and V. S. Mizutani, Infrasonic Pressure Levels in Commercial Vehicles, SAE Brazil 1993 Mobility Technology Conference and Exhibit, Sao Paulo, Brasil, October 1993. 8. T. Yoshinaga, K. Fuji, and S. Nagai, Suppression of Infrasonic Noise Emanating from NAL 1mX1m Supersonic Wind T
18、unnel, AIAA97-0664. 9. Laurence J. Heldelberg and Elliot B. Gordon, Acoustic Evaluation of the Helmoltz Resonator Treatment in the NASA Lewis 8- by 6-Foot Supersonic Tunnel, NASA Technical Memorandum 101407, January 1989. 10. Allan J. Whitten, Vibrational Impact of Hush House Operation, Proceedings
19、of the 1988 Joint CSCE-ASCE National Conference, Vancouver, July 1988 11. V. R. Miller, et al. “Investigation if Acoustic Characteristics of Aircraft/Engines Operating in the Dry-Cooled Jet EngineMaintenance Facility”. The Shock and Vibration Bulletin, Naval Research Laboratory, 1983. 12. I. L. Ver
20、and D. W. Anderson, “Report on the Infrasound and Vibration Study at Luke AFB, Phoenix, Arizona”. Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Inc. Project No. 05558. 13. A. J. Witten and M. Lessen, “Low Frequency Acoustic Emissions from Jet Engine Test Facilities”. Journal of AIAA. 14. A. L.Kafka and J. I. Blaney, “I
21、nfrasonic Emissions from the Otis AFB Hush House”, Geophysics Laboratory/Earth Science Division/LWH, Report No. GL-TR-90-0225, September 1990. 15. N. Doelling and R. H. Bolt, “Noise Control for Aircraft Engine Test cells and Ground Run-Up Suppressors” WADC Tech Report 58-202, November 1961. 16. R. J
22、.Freuler and K. A.Montgomery, “Reducing Large Pressure Fluctuations in an Engine Test Cell by Modifying the Exhaust Blast Basket End Configuration”, CEAS/AIAA 95-128, June, 1995. SAE AIR5303 Page 3 of 113. INFRASOUND ANECDOTES After the construction of a new large test cell, the operator experienced
23、 the windows of a nearby building severely rattled whenever the cell was in operation. Installing a ring diffuser and replacing the exhaust basket with a diffuser grid reduced the magnitude of the effect but did not stop the windows from rattling. The eventual solution was adding caulk to the window
24、s to stop them from rattling in their frames. When a new JT8D test cell was put into service, the owner started receiving telephone calls from residential neighbors more than a half mile distant. One neighbor complained he was in the shower and his guts vibrated so badly he thought he was having a h
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