OASD SD-19-2009 Parts Management Guide《零部件管理指南》.pdf

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1、SEPTEMBER 2009SD-19PartsManagementGuideSTDZDEFENSE STANDARDIZATION PROGRAM OFFICEProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ContentsForeword 1CHAPTER1PartsManagementOverview 2PartsManagementProgram 2PartsSelection 3CHAPTER2PartsManagementintheDe

2、fenseAcquisitionSystem 5TimingforImplementationofPartsManagementRequirements 5DesignProcess 6PartsManagementResponsibilitiesduringtheDoDAcquisitionandSustainmentProcess 7CHAPTER3AddressingPartsManagementintheContract 8StatementofWork 8CHAPTER4ElementsofaPartsManagementProgram 10PartsManagementPlan 1

3、0DevelopmentofaPreferredPartsListorCorporatePartsBaseline 11PartsSelectionandAuthorization 12OrderofPreferenceforPartsSelection 12ObsolescenceManagementandDiminishingManufacturingSources 14SubcontractorManagement 14PartandSupplierQualificationRequirements 15SubstitutePartPractice 15PartsManagementPl

4、anStructure 16PartsManagementEffectiveness(Metrics) 17Feedback 18CHAPTER5PartsManagementBoardsandIntegratedProductTeams 19PartsManagementBoards 19IntegratedProductTeams 22CHAPTER6PartsEvaluationSupport 23PartsManagementAdvisoryTeam 23ToolsSupportingPartsManagement 24CHAPTER7CostsandBenefitsofPartsMa

5、nagement 27Costs 27Benefits 27Cost-BenefitAnalysis 28AppendixA 30GeneralInformationforPartandSupplierEvaluationAppendixB 32ReferencesAppendixC 33GlossaryAppendixD 35AbbreviationsProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ForewordTodaysdefenseacq

6、uisitionenvironmentischaracterizedbyrapidlychangingdesignsandtechnologiesandbyincreasedrisksinweaponsystemperformanceandsupportduetoissueswithparts.Inthisenvironment,theneedfordefensecontractorstohavean effective parts management program is greater than ever before.This publicationprovidesgovernment

7、andindustrymanagersapragmaticapproachtowardpartsman-agementtoenhanceweaponsystemsoperationalandlogisticsreadinessandtoreducethelogisticsfootprintandtotalownershipcost.Theguidanceinthisdocument,whenusedinconjunctionwithMIL-STD-3018,“PartsManagement,”willhelpensuresuc-cessfulpartsmanagementtosupportcu

8、rrentacquisitionstrategy.Itmayalsobeusedasatoolforevaluatingacontractorspartsmanagementperformance.Thisdocumentisintendedtobeusedbydefensecontractorsandacquisitionactivi-ties.Inparticular,thisdocumentoffersguidancetoindividualswhoaredefiningpartsmanagement needs in contracts;establishing a parts man

9、agement process for primecontractors,subcontractors,andsuppliers;andlookingforanefficientandmanageablepartselectionprocess.AdditionalguidancecanbefoundintheDefenseAcquisitionGuidebookathttps:/akss.dau.mil/dag,Section4.4.12,PartsManagement.Weareextremelygratefultothenumerousgovernmentandindustryindiv

10、idualsonthePartsStandardizationandManagementCommittee(PSMC)whocontributedtheguidance information.The PSMC is a DSPO-chartered government and industryforum that influences and supports parts management and standardization.FurtherinformationonthisgroupcanbefoundonthePSMCwebsiteathttp:/www.dscc.dla.mil

11、/programs/psmc.RecommendedchangestothispublicationshouldbesenttotheDefenseStandard-ization Program Office,8725 John J.Kingman Road,Stop 5100,Fort Belvoir,VA22060.GregoryE.SaundersDirectorDefenseStandardizationProgramOffice1Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without

12、license from IHS-,-,-Parts Management OverviewIntodaysacquisitionenvironmentcharacterizedbyrapidlychangingdesigns,increasedriskforDepartmentofDefense(DoD)weaponsystemsandequipmentacquisitioncontractsduetoanincreaseintheuseofcommercialparttypes,offshoremanufactureofparts,andDiminishingManufacturingSo

13、urcesandMaterialShortages(DMSMS)theneedforcontractorstohaveaneffectivePartsManagementProgram(PMP)isgreaterthaneverbefore.ThePMPisanintegralpartoftheacquisitionprocessfordesign,development,modification,andsupportofweaponsystemsandequipment.Partsmanagementfocusesonselectingthebestpartsatthedesignphase

14、ofanacquisitionprogramunderanoverarchingsystemsengineeringumbrella.Typically,theuseofpartsde-scribedbynon-governmentstandards(NGSs)ormilitarystandardsortheuseofcommonlyusedpartsalreadyintheDoDsupplysystemispreferred.Useofthesetypesofpartsprovidestheultimateuser,thewarfighter,returnsthatcanbemeasured

15、throughthedesiredperform-ance-basedcriteriaofoperationalavailability,operationalreliability,costperunitusage,logisticsfootprint,andlogisticsresponsetime,aswellaspaybackintermsoftotalownershipcosts.PartsManagementProgramSelecting,specifying,ensuringproperdesignapplications,and,ingeneral,managingparts

16、usedincomplexsystemsconstituteamajorengineeringtask.Partsarethebuildingblocksfromwhichsystemsarecreatedand,assuch,greatlyimpacthardwaredependabilityandreadiness.Sincethereliabilityandmaintainabilityoftheenditemisdependentuponthesebuildingblocks,theimportanceofselectingandapplyingthemosteffectivePMPc

17、annotbeoverempha-sized.Partsmanagementisthepracticeofconsideringtheapplication,standardization,technology(newandaging),systemreliability,maintainability,supportability,andcostinselectingpartsandaddressingavailabil-ity,logisticssupport,DMSMS,andlegacyissuesinsupportingthemthroughoutthelifeofthesystem

18、s.Aspartoftheengineeringprocess,partsmanagementisanintegratedefforttostreamlinetheselectionofpreferredorcommonlyusedpartsduringthedesignofweaponssystemsandequipment.Thisprocessdeterminestheoptimumpartswhileconsideringallthefactorsthatmayaffectprogramoutcomes.2CHAPTER 1Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo

19、 reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-PartsSelectionThemostcrucialelementofpartsmanagementispartselection.Properpartselectionrequiresthatmyriadfactorsbeconsideredwhenchoosingtheoptimumpart,includingtechnicalchar-acteristics,reliability,life-cyclecost,commonality,performa

20、ncehistory,vendorperformance,qualification,potentialobsolescence,standardization,manufacturing,andmaintenance:a73Reliability.Assuringthatthepartsselectedmeetcontractualrequirementsandproperdesignapplicationiscriticaltoensuringthatthereliabilityrequirementsoftheweaponsystemsorequipmentacquisitioncont

21、ractsaremet.Apartthatisacceptableforanenvi-ronmentallycontrolledgroundsitemaynotbeacceptableforuseinanaircraftthatsub-jectstheparttodifferentenvironmentsandstresses.Parttypesusedinland-basedaircraftmaynotbesuitableforuseinship-basedaircraftthatoperateinseveremarineenviron-mentsandaremoresusceptiblet

22、ocorrosion.Legacyissuesarecriticallyimportantwhenselectingpartsfordesignuse.If“lessonslearned”areaddressedinthepartselectionprocess,fewerpartswithbuilt-infailuremechanismswillbeused,resultinginenhancedreliabilityandsystemsafety.a73Standardization.Reducingtheproliferationofparttypesusedindesignthroug

23、hstandardi-zationisalsoimportantforenhancingmaterialreadinessandinteroperabilityandforreducingtotalownershipcosts.Selectingstandardorcommonlyusedpartsensuresthatreliableanddocumentedparttypesthatreducedesignrisksareused.UseofstandardorcommonlyusedpartswithinandacrossDoDweaponsystemsandequipmentenhan

24、cesinter-orintra-departmentalpartcommonalityandinterchangeability;reducesthevarietyofpartsintheinventory;enhancespartavailability,reliability,maintainability,andeconomiesofscale;andreducespartobsolescenceoccurrences.a73DMSMS.Eachpartselectedfordesignusemustbeassessedforavailabilityandevaluatedbasedo

25、nitsprojectedlifecycletomitigatetheeffectsofDMSMSandminimizetheimpactonthesystemequipmentproductionschedule.PartsselectedandusedindesignshouldbetrackedforDMSMSissuesthroughoutthesystemorequipmentlifecycletoensureavailabilityofpartsandtoprovidesufficientlead-timetodevelopthebestsolutionstomitigatepar

26、tsissuesinordertosustainfieldedsystemsandreducelife-cyclecosts.TheGovernment-IndustryDataExchangeProgram(GIDEP)andmanycommercialpart-track-ingdatabasesareavailabletoprovideinformationconcerningwhenapartisdiscontinuedbyitsmanufacturer.SD-22,DiminishingManufacturingSourcesandMaterialShortages:AGuidebo

27、okofBestPracticesandToolsforImplementingaDMSMSManagementProgram,providesinformationonDMSMSandsuggestionsonhowtoaddressDMSMSissues.3Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-4a73Partandsupplierquality.Animportantrequirementforselectingpartsiscon

28、sideringthesourceofsupplyandwhetherthepartsarequalifiedfortheapplicationinwhichtheyaretobeused.Partmanufacturersandpartdistributorswhoprovidetheselectedpartmustberequiredtofollowdocumentedandestablishedqualityassurancepoliciesandprocedures.Thosepoliciesandproceduresshouldinclude,butnotbelimitedto,st

29、atisticalprocesscontroldataandprocesscontrolsonmanufacturing,material,shipment,storage,notifica-tionconcerningprocesschanges,customersatisfaction,andqualitymeasurementsystems.Inviewoftheabove,itiseasytounderstandwhyadisciplinedpartselectionprocessinthedesignphase,aspartofaformalPMP,increasestheproba

30、bilityofusingthemostoptimumpartsinDoDweaponsystemsandequipment.Useofsuchpartscanenhancereliability,maintainabil-ity,economiesofscale,andsupportability.Inturn,thesefactorswillenhancesystemsperform-ance,logisticsandoperationalreadiness,andinteroperability,whiledecreasingthelogisticsfootprintandthetota

31、lownershipcostsofweaponsystemsandequipment.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-5TimingforImplementationofPartsManagementRequirementsFigure1depictstheDefenseAcquisitionManagementSystem.Italsodepictstheflowfromphasetophase.Asthefigureshows,

32、theMaterielDevelopmentDecisionmustbemadebeforethefirstphasecanbegin.Inaddition,certainphase-specificcriteriamustbemetbeforeenter-ingeachsubsequentphase.Theacquisitionmaybeevolutionary,oritmaybeasinglesteptofullcapability.Parts Management in theDefense Acquisition SystemCHAPTER 2Figure1.TheDefenseAcq

33、uisitionManagementSystemMaterielSolutionAnalysisPre-SystemAcquisition SystemAcquisition SustainmentA B C IOC FOCTechnologyDevelopmentEngineeringandManufacturingDevelopmentProductionandDeploymentOperationsandSupportUserNeedsTechnologyOpportunitiesandResources(ProgramInitiation)= Decision Point= Miles

34、tone ReviewMaterielDevelopmentDecisionPost-PDR APost-CDR ALRIP/IOTuseofthisinformationcanprecludeuseinfuturedesignsofpartswithongoingqualityissues.a73Customers.Problemsidentifiedbythecustomeronfieldedsystemsoftenindicateaneedforpartsselectionchanges.a73Suppliers.Partorcomponentsuppliersarevaluableso

35、urcesofinformationabouttheavail-abilityofitems.Informationfromthesesourcescanalsohelpidentifyhigh-costitemsandpotentialduplicatepartnumbers.Therearemanysourcesof,andusesfor,feedbackinformation.Theimportantthingtore-memberisthatpartsmanagementisadynamicpractice.Itneedsperiodicadjustmentsbasedondataan

36、dexperienceacquiredfrominitialdesignallthewaythroughproduction,sustainment,andmaterialdisposal.Otherareasoffeedbackincludedesignengineering,purchasing,manufac-turing,logisticssupport,andPMATs.18Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-PMBsorIP

37、Tsmaybeusedtoaddressthevariouspart-typetechnicalorprocurementissuesduringthepartselectionprocesstoassistwithmeetingtheoverallobjectivesofthecontractualpartsmanagementrequirements.PartsManagementBoardsThePMBisresponsibleforimplementingeffectivestandardizationandpartsmanagementandforpromotingthestanda

38、rdizationandcommonalityofpartsandprocessesacrossproductlines.ThePMBisresponsibleforscreeningandevaluatingpartstobeutilizedinaspecificsystemandshouldbeestablishedasearlyaspossibletosupportthepartselectionprocess.BecausethePMBenhancestheimplementationofconcurrentengineering,itsmembershipmayincluderepr

39、esentativesfromthefollowingfunctionaldisciplinesandentities:a73Designengineeringa73Procurementa73Engineeringstandardsa73Manufacturinga73Reliabilitya73Qualitya73Subcontractorsandsuppliersa73Customer.GeneralResponsibilitiesofthePMBMembers.PMBmembershavethefollowinggeneralresponsibilities:a73Attendboar

40、dmeetingsasrepresentativesoftheirdepartments/organizations.a73BringpartsissuestothePMBfordiscussionandresolution.a73Identifyproceduraldeficiencieswhoseresolutionwillimprovepartstandardizationandreducecost.a73Identifycandidatepartsforusageorreplacement.a73Havetheauthoritytoactonbehalfoftheirdepartmen

41、tinselectionofstandardparts,theapprovalandimplementationofthePPL,andpoliciesconcerningthosepartsselected.19Parts Management Boardsand Integrated Product TeamsCHAPTER 5Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-a73ReviewrequeststoaddpartstothePPL

42、orCBbasedonthecriteriaidentifiedinthesectionbelowonpartsselectionandauthorization.a73EvaluateandrecommendapprovalordisapprovalofpartsproposedforlistingonthePPL.Whenrequested,respondtoballoted(potential)partsforpossibleinclusioninthePPLorCB.a73Ensuremaximumuseofstandardparts.Minimizethenumberofdiffer

43、enttypesandstylesofpartsusedintheequipmentorsystem.Assistwithidentifyingandsolvingstandardpartissues.a73Ensuretimelyimplementationofpartsdecisions.a73Specifyrequirementsforpartcandidates.a73Assistwithevaluatingstandardpartsuppliers.a73EstablishrequirementsandscreenpartsfortheSPL.a73Promotepoliciesan

44、dproceduresthatensureefficientpartsmanagementoperation.a73ReviewandconsiderfeedbackregardingthePMP.a73ReviewandevaluateprogrammetricsandconsiderchangestoprogramprocessesandproceduresasrequiredinordertoeffectivelymeetPMPobjectives.a73Assistwiththereviewandevaluationofsubcontractorpartsmanagementplans

45、.Chairperson.Thepartsmanagementengineerssupervisor(ordesignee)shouldbethechair-personofthePMB.Thechairperson(ordesignatedrepresentativewhenabsent)doesthefol-lowing:a73ChairsPMBmeetingsa73SchedulesPMBmeetings,coordinatestasks,distributesagendasandminutes,andmain-tainsrecordsofPMBactivities.a73Ensures

46、allPMBactionsarecompleted.a73SupervisespreparationandmaintenanceofthePPLorCB.a73SupervisescreationandmaintenanceofaCAD-modeledPPLpartslibrary.a73DocumentsallPMBdecisions.a73ServesasliaisontothePMAT.a73SupervisespreparationandmaintenanceoftheSPL.a73Performsalldutieslistedbelowforrespectivegroupmember

47、s.20Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-21Members.PMBmembersdothefollowing:a73ParticipateonthePMB.a73Assistwithselectingstandardpartstobeusedinaprogram.a73EnsurethatthestandardizedPMPisbasedonthecompanyrequirementsandanypro-gramcontractua

48、lrequirements.a73Haveauthoritytoauditpartslistsandassemblydrawingstoensurethatproductsincorpo-ratepreferredpartsandthatthemaximumquantityofpreferredparts(consistentwithdesignrequirements)isselected.a73Establish,monitor,andmaintainmetricstoensurethatthemostefficientpartsmanage-mentpracticeisinplace.a

49、73Haveauthoritytoapproveanddisapprovetheuseofnon-preferredparts.a73Haveauthoritytorequiretheuseofpreferredpartswhereitcanbedemonstratedthatthepreferredpartisinterchangeablewithandequalto,orbetterthan,thenon-preferredpart.a73HavetheauthorityindesignreviewstofacilitateincorporationofpreferredpartsthroughIPTs.a73Identifycandidatepar