NFPA 101H-2018 Life Safety Code Handbook (FOURTEENTH EDITION).pdf

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1、Edited byGregory E. Harrington, P.E. Kristin C. Bigda, P.E.Principal Engineer, Building Fire Principal Engineer, Building Fire Protection and Life Safety Protection and Life Safety National Fire Protection Association National Fire Protection AssociationWith the complete text of the 2018 edition of

2、NFPA 101, Life Safety CodeLife Safety CodeHandbookFOURTEENTH EDITIONNATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATIONThe leading information and knowledge resource on f_ire, electrical and related hazards101HB18_CH00_FM.indd 1 10/6/17 12:32 PMii Copyright 2017National Fire Protection AssociationOne Batterymarch

3、ParkQuincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471All rights reserved.Important Notices and Disclaimers: Publication of this handbook is for the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for fire and electrical safety and related subjects. While every effort has been made to achieve a w

4、ork of high quality, neither the NFPAnor the contributors to this handbook guarantee or warrantee the accuracy or completeness of or assume any liability in connection with the information and opinions contained in this handbook. The NFPA and the contributors shall in no event be liable for any pers

5、onal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this handbook.This handbook is published with the understanding that the NFPA and the contribut

6、ors to this handbook are supplying information and opinion but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.NFPA 101, Life Safety Code(“NFPA 101”), is, like all NFPA codes, stand

7、ards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”), made available for use subject to Important Notices and Legal Disclaimers, which appear at the end of this handbook and can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.Notice Concerning Code Interpretations: This fourteenth edition of the Li

8、fe Safety CodeHandbook is based on the 2018 edition of NFPA 101. All NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) are developed in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA by technical committees comprised of volunteers drawn from a broad array of relevant

9、interests. The handbook contains the complete text of NFPA 101 and any applicable Formal Interpretations issued by the NFPA at the time of publication. This NFPA Standard is accompanied by explanatory commentary and other supplementary materials.The commentary and supplementary materials in this han

10、dbook are not a part of the NFPA Standard and do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only through requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA). The commentary and supplementary materials, ther

11、efore, solely reflect the personal opinions of the editor or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.REMINDER: UPDATING OF NFPA STANDARDSNFPA 101, Life Safety Code, like all NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and gu

12、ides (“NFPA Standards”), may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An official NFPA Standard at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendment and any Errata then in e

13、ffect. In order to determine whether an NFPA Standard has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, visit the “Codes its contents address specific requirements that have a direct influence on safety to life in both new construction and existing buildin

14、gs not new construction alone. Moreover, although the Codes paramount concern is life safety and not protection of property per se, there are also by observance of the Codes requirements ancillary benefits to mission continuity and property protection.The impact that application of the Code can have

15、 on saving lives is difficult to measure; however, it is reasonable to assume that its influ-ence is extremely significant. For example, of the many fatal public building fires investigated by NFPA, invariably one or more of the building features contributing to loss of life from fire were in violat

16、ion of the requirements of the Code.NFPA recognizes that a code suitable for enforcement must, by the nature of its purpose, be concise and without explanatory text. In addi-tion, a code cannot be written to cover every situation that will be encoun-tered; thus, it must be applied with judgment and

17、used with good sense and with an awareness of the rationale for the requirements to be enforced. A little help and counsel along the way can make the job a lot easier; hence, NFPA has also developed this Life Safety Code Handbook.This handbook gives users of the Life Safety Code background informati

18、on on the reasons for certain Code provisions. It also provides some suggestions, through its text, illustrations, and photos, on how some Code requirements can be implemented effectively. This kind of information is intended to provide users of the Code with a better under-standing of, and apprecia

19、tion for, the requirements contained in the Code. The net result should be the better design, operation, and evalu-ation of buildings and structures that are increasingly more fire safe. The reader is cautioned, however, to look upon the commentary that appears in the handbook as the views of the ed

20、itors and where com-mentary reads relatively the same as in earlier editions the contribu-tors to earlier editions of the handbook. The commentary does not necessarily reflect the official position of NFPA.Where a pair of occupancy chapters addresses a given occupancy (for example, Chapter 12 for ne

21、w assembly occupancies and Chapter 13 for existing assembly occupancies), the Code text for both chapters is presented in side-by-side columns to permit easy comparison. Further, the accompanying commentary points out differences between the provi-sions applicable to new construction and to existing

22、 buildings.For this edition of the handbook, Gregory Harrington revised the commentary for Chapters 1 through 6, 9 through 13, 22 through 35, 43, and Annexes A through D; Kristin Bigda revised the commentary for Chapters 8, 14 through 17, and 36 through 42; Ron Cot revised the commentary for Chapter

23、s 7 and 18 through 21, and prepared the sum-mary of technical changes.AcknowledgmentsMidway through the development of the 2018 edition of the Life Safety Code, Ron Cot, P.E., transitioned from the role of principal life safety engineer at NFPA to that of life safety technical lead, a new position c

24、reated by NFPA to enhance stakeholder engagement and bridge the gap between NFPAs engineering and business groups. Ron previously served as a staff liaison and secretary to the Technical Committees on Safety to Life since the 1985 edition of NFPA 101 and as editor of the Life Safety Code Handbook si

25、nce the sixth (1994) edition. In addition to taking on the new responsibilities associated with his new position, Ron graciously offered to revise Handbook commentary for this edition relating to those subjects with which he had the most familiarity, namely, means of egress and health care occupanci

26、es. In addition, he prepared the summary of technical changes. The editors thank Ron for his con-tributions to this edition of the Life Safety Code Handbook.Gregory E. Harrington, P.E. Principal Engineer, Building Fire Protection and Life Safety NFPAKristin C. Bigda, P.E.Principal Engineer, Building

27、 Fire Protection and Life SafetyNFPA101HB18_CH00_FM.indd 7 10/5/17 1:54 PMviiiAbout the EditorsGregory E. Harrington, P.E. Gregory Harrington is a principal engineer in the NFPA building fire protection and life safety division. He is staff liaison and secretary to several Safety to Life and Buildin

28、g Code Technical Committees, as well as the Correlating Committee on Safety to Life. Prior to joining the NFPA staff in 1996, Greg was a fire protection engineer with the San Antonio, Texas, Fire Department and a consulting engineer with Schirmer Engineering Corporation. He received the degrees of B

29、achelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering and Master of Science in Fire Protection Engineering from Worcester Polytechnic Institute and is a registered professional engineer in the discipline of fire protection in the State of Connecticut.Kristin C. Bigda, P.E.Kristin Bigda is a principal enginee

30、r in the NFPA building fire protection and life safety division. She serves as staff liaison to the Fire Code Technical Committee, Fire Doors and Windows Technical Committee, as well as several Safety to Life and Building Code Technical Committees, which are responsible for the development of NFPA 1

31、01 and NFPA 5000. Kristin is the editor of the NFPA 1 Handbook and NFPA 80 Handbook. Prior to joining the NFPA staff in 2007, Kristin attended Worcester Polytechnic Institute where she received the degrees of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering and Master of Science in Fire Protection Engineeri

32、ng. Kristin is also a registered professional engineer in the discipline of fire protection in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.101HB18_CH00_FM.indd 8 10/5/17 1:54 PMNFPA 101 Summary of Technical Changes: 2015 to 2018This table provides an overview of major code changes from the 2015 to the 2018 ed

33、ition of NFPA 101, Life Safety Code. Purely editorial and formatting changes are not included. For more information about the reasons for each change, visit www.nfpa.org/101. The first revision (FR), first correlating revision (FCR), second revision (SR), and second correlating revision (SCR) number

34、s are given in the third column of this table for reference to the official documentation of the fourteen technical committees actions.Section Number CommentsFR/FCR/SR/SCR ReferenceChapter 1 Administration1.1.5 Hazardous materials emergenciesScope expanded to include hazardous materials emergencies

35、FR 30071.1.6 Injuries from falls Scope expanded to include injuries from falls FR 30221.1.7 Emergency communications Scope expanded to include emergency communications FR 30341.1.9(4) Areas not addressed “Areas not addressed” item added to make clear that, with withdrawal of NFPA 1126, the retail sa

36、le and associated storage of consumer fireworks are not addressed anywhere in the CodeFR 3008Chapter 2 Referenced Publications2.2 NFPA Publications NFPA publications added to Chapter 2 because documents are newly referenced mandatorily somewhere in Chapters 3 through 43FR 3009NFPA 4NFPA 20NFPA 55NFP

37、A 150NFPA 495NFPA 1221NFPA 1126 NFPA 1126 deleted from Chapter 2 because it has been withdrawn and, therefore, is no longer referenced mandatorilyFR 30092.3.2 ANSI Publications BHMA publications added to Chapter 2 because documents are newly referenced in Chapter 7FR 3011ANSI/BHMA A.156.10ANSI/BHMA

38、A.156.19ANSI/BHMA A156.27ANSI/BHMA A156.382.3.6 ASTM Publications ASTM publications added to Chapter 2 because documents are newly referenced mandatorily somewhere in Chapters 3 through 43FR 3019SR 3012ASTM D3201ASTM D5516ASTM D5664101HB18_CH00_TECH.indd 1 10/5/17 2:01 PM2018 Life Safety Code Handbo

39、okT-2 NFPA 101 Summary of Technical Changes: 2015 to 2018Section Number CommentsFR/FCR/SR/SCR ReferenceASTM D6305ASTM D6841ASTM E2073ASTM E2579ASTM E2837ASTM E2965ASTM F1085Chapter 3 Definitions3.3.19 Animal Housing Facility New definition added to support the terms use elsewhere in Chapters 4 throu

40、gh 43FR 30203.3.56 Delayed Action Closer New definition added to support the terms use in Chapter 7 FR 5029SR 50063.3.74 Emergency Control FunctionsDefinition (replacing “fire safety functions”) added to support the terms use elsewhere in Chapters 4 through 43FR 30053.3.175 Mall Concourse New defini

41、tions added to support change in terminology from use of “mall building” to “mall structure” throughout the CodeFR 5535FR 5536FR 55133.3.175.1 Open Mall Concourse3.3.175.2 Enclosed Mall Concourse3.3.177.2 Hazard Material New definitions added to support new requirements (dispersed throughout Code) f

42、or protection from hazardous materialsFR 3032FR 30333.3.177.2.1 Health Hazard Material3.3.177.2.2 Physical Hazard Material3.3.177.3 Hazardous Material3.3.177.7 Toxic Material3.3.177.7.1 Highly Toxic Material3.3.196.1 Ambulatory Health Care OccupancySubpart (3) of definition revised to change “emerge

43、ncy or urgent care” to “treatment”SR 40043.3.222 Power Doors New definitions added to support new requirements for power doors in Chapter 7FR 50283.3.222.1 Low-Energy Power-Operated Door3.3.222.2 Power-Assisted Door3.3.222.3 Power-Operated Door3.3.239 Renovation Definition, as taken from Chapter 43,

44、 reinserted after having been inadvertently dropped in the 2015 editionFR 30453.3.251 Self-Preservation Capability (Health Care and Ambulatory Health Care Occupancies)New definitions added (separate from the existing definition in 3.3.252) to support use of term in health care occupancies as address

45、ed in Chapters 1821FR 35513.3.282.4 Mall Structure Former definition of “mall building” revised to create new definition for correlation with changes made to the mall provisions in Chapters 36 and 37, on mercantile occupanciesFR 55153.3.282.12 Underground Structure Definition revised to quantify the

46、 distance below lowest level of exit discharge (LED) as being 30 ft (9.1 m)FR 4016101HB18_CH00_TECH.indd 2 10/5/17 2:01 PMLife Safety Code Handbook 2018NFPA 101 Summary of Technical Changes: 2015 to 2018 T-3Section Number CommentsFR/FCR/SR/SCR ReferenceChapter 4 General4.1.3 Hazardous materials emer

47、genciesNew goal added to support new scope expansion in Chapter 1 FR 30214.2.3 Hazardous materials emergencies protectionNew objective added FR 30234.2.4 Physical violence mitigation New objective added SR 30114.5.1 Multiple safeguards Provision broadened to include any rendering of a safeguard inef

48、fectiveSR 30034.6.10.2 construction, demolition, alterationNew menu item added to permit the occupancy chapters to require compliance with the provisions of NFPA 241 for construction, demolition, or alteration projectsFR 30474.6.14.5 limited-combustible materialsProvisions for limited combustible ma

49、terials expanded to reference the use of ASTM E2965 FR 30244.6.15 Fire-retardant-treated wood 4.6.15.1 through 4.6.15.6New material on fire-retardant-treated wood added FR 30244.6.16 Fire-retardant-treated wood treatment 4.6.16.1 through 4.6.16.7New material on fire-retardant-treated wood treatment added FR 3024Chapter 5 Performance-Based OptionNo ChangeChapter 6 Classification of Occupancy and Hazard of Contents6.1.8.1.1 Definition One- and Two-Family Dwelling Unit Definition of one- and two-family dwelling unit revised to delete “independe