[医学类试卷]2010年医学博士外语真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2010 年医学博士外语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Section A（A）Shes looking for a gift.（B） She needs a new purse.（C） Shes going to give a birthday party.（D）She wants to go shopping with her mom.（A）She hears noises in her ears day and night.（B） She has been overworking for a long time.（C） Her right ear, hurt in an accident, is

2、 troubling her.（D）Her ear rings are giving her trouble day and night.（A）Hell go to see Mr. White at 10:30 tomorrow.（B） Hed like to make an earlier appointment.（C） Hed like to cancel the appointment.（D）Hed like to see another dentist.（A）8:00.（B） 8:15.（C） 0.361111（D）0.364583（A）In a hotel.（B） At a fast

3、 food bar.（C） In the supermarket.（D）In the department store.（A）To resign right away.（B） To work one more day as chairman.（C） To think twice before he make the decision.（D）To receive further training upon his resignation.（A）She didnt do anything in particular.（B） She sent a wounded person to the ER.（

4、C） She had to work in the ER.（D）She went skiing.（A）A customs officer.（B） The mans mother.（C） A school headmaster.（D）An immigration officer.（A）It feels as if the room is going around.（B） It feels like a kind of unsteadiness.（C） It feels as if she is falling down.（D）It feels as if she is going around.

5、（A）John has hidden something in the tree.（B） John himself should be blamed.（C） John has a dog that barks a lot.（D）John is unlucky.（A）The chemistry homework is difficult.（B） The chemistry homework is fun.（C） The math homework is difficult.（D）The math homework is fun.（A）His backache.（B） His broken leg

6、.（C） His skin problem.（D）His eye condition.（A）Whooping cough, smallpox and measles.（B） Whooping cough, chickenpox and measles.（C） Whooping cough, smallpox and German measles.（D）Whooping cough, chickenpox and German measles.（A）Saturday morning.（B） Saturday night.（C） Saturday afternoon.（D）Next weekend

7、.（A）Hes lost his notebook.（B） His handwriting is messy.（C） Hell miss class latter this week.（D）He cannot make it for his appointment.二、Section B（A）He is having a physical checkup.（B） He has just undergone an operation.（C） He has just recovered from an illness.（D）He will be discharged from the hospit

8、al this afternoon.（A）He got an infection in the lungs.（B） He had his gallbladder inflamed.（C） He was suffering from influenza.（D）He had developed a big kidney tone.（A）A bit better.（B） Terribly awful.（C） Couldnt be better.（D）Okay, but a bit weak.（A）To be confined to a wheelchair.（B） To stay indoors f

9、or a complete recovery.（C） To stay in bed and drink a lot of water.（D）To move about and enjoy the sunshine.（A）From 4 pm to 6 pm.（B） From 5 pm to 7 pm.（C） From 6 pm to 8 pm.（D）From 7 pm to 9 pm.（A）The link between weight loss and sleep deprivation.（B） The link between weight gain and sleep deprivatio

10、n.（C） The link between weight loss and physical exercise.（D）The link between weight gain and physical exercise.（A）More than 68,000.（B） More than 60,800.（C） More than 60,080.（D）More than 60,008.（A）Seven-hour sleepers gained more weight over time than five-hour ones.（B） Five-hour sleepers gained more

11、weight over time than seven-hour ones.（C） Short-sleepers were 15% more likely to become obese.（D）Short-sleepers consumed fewer calories than long sleepers.（A）Overeating among the sleep-deprived.（B） Little exercise among the sleep-deprived.（C） Lower metabolic rate resulting from less sleep.（D）Higher

12、metabolic rate resulting from less sleep.（A）Exercise every day.（B） Take diet pills.（C） Go on a diet.（D）Sleep more.（A）She is too hard on me.（B） She asks too many questions.（C） She is always considerate of my feelings.（D）She is the meanest mother in the neighborhood.（A）A university instructor.（B） A te

13、aching assistant.（C） A PhD student.（D）A psychiatrist.（A）They usually say no.（B） They usually say yes.（C） They usually wait and see.（D）They usually refuse to say anything.（A）They are overconfident.（B） Their brains grow too fast.（C） They are psychologically dependent.（D）Their brains are still immature

14、 in some areas.（A）Be easy on your teen.（B） Try to be mean to your teen.（C） Say no to your teen when necessary.（D）Dont care about your teens feel ings.三、Section A31 A number of black youths have complained of being_by the police.（A）harassed（B） distracted（C） sentenced（D）released32 He rapidly became_wi

15、th his own power in the team.（A）irrigated（B） irradiated（C） inoculated（D）intoxicated33 Throughout his political career he has always been in the_.（A）twilight（B） spotlight（C） streetlight（D）torchlight34 We_that diet is related to most types of cancer but we dont have definite proof.（A）suspend（B） superv

16、ene（C） supervise（D）suspect35 A patient who is dying of incurable cancer of the throat is in terrible pain, which can no longer be satisfactorily_.（A）alleviated（B） abolished（C） demolished（D）diminished36 The television station is supported by_from foundations and other sources.（A）donations（B） pensions

17、（C） advertisements（D）accounts37 More legislation is needed to protect the_property rights of the patent.（A）integrative（B） intellectual（C） intelligent（D）intelligible38 Officials are supposed to_themselves to the welfare and health of the general public.（A）adapt（B） confine（C） commit（D）assess39 You sho

18、uld stop_your condition and do something about it.（A）drawing on（B） touching on（C） leaning on（D）dwelling on40 The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen_into human nature.（A）perspective（B） dimension（C） insight（D）reflection四、Section B41 The chemical was found to be detrimental to human healt

19、h.（A）toxic（B） immune（C） sensitive（D）allergic42 It will be a devastating blow for the patient, if the clinic closes.（A）permanent（B） desperate（C） destructive（D）sudden43 He kept telling us about his operation in the most graphic detail.（A）verifiable（B） explicit（C） precise（D）ambiguous44 The difficult ca

20、se tested the ingenuity of even the most skillful physician.（A）credibility（B） commitment（C） honesty（D）talent45 He left immediately on the pretext that he had to catch a train.（A）claim（B） clue（C） excuse（D）talent46 The nurse was filled with remorse of not believing her .（A）anguish（B） regret（C） apology

21、（D）grief47 The doctor tried to find a tactful way of telling her the truth.（A）delicate（B） communicative（C） skillful（D）considerate48 Whether a person likes a routine office job or not depends largely on temperament.（A）disposition（B） qualification（C） temptation（D）endorsement49 The doctor ruled out Fri

22、days surgery for the patients unexpected complications.（A）confirmed（B） facilitated（C） postponed（D）cancelled50 It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life.（A）cautious（B） motionless（C） calm（D）alert 五、Part Cloze50 Experts say about 1% of young women in the United States are

23、almost starving themselves today. They are suffering from a sickness called anorexia.These young women have an abnormal fear of getting fat. They【C1】_starve themselves so they weigh at 15% less than their normal weight.The National Institute of Mental Health says one【C2】_ten cases of anorexia leads

24、to serious medical problems. These patients can die from heart failure or the disease can lead young women to【C3】_themselves. For example, former gymnast Christy Henrich died at age 22. She weighed only 61 pounds.A person with anorexia first develops joint and muscle problems. There is a lack of iro

25、n in the blood.【C4 】_the sickness progresses, a young womans breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure rates slow down. The important substance calcium is【C5】_from the bones, something causing bones to break. Sometimes the brain gets smaller, causing changes in【C6 】_a person thinks and acts. Scientis

26、ts say many patients have further mental and emotional problems. They have【C7】_opinions about themselves. They feel helpless. Their attempts to become extremely thin may【C8】_efforts to take control of their lives. They may become dependent on illegal drugs. Some people also feel the need to continua

27、lly repeat a(n) 【C9】_. For example, they may repeatedly wash their hands although their hands are clean.Anorexia is a serious eating【C10】_. If it is not treated on time, it can be fatal.51 【C1 】（A）specifically（B） purposely（C） particularly（D）passionately52 【C2 】（A）from（B） of（C） at（D）in53 【C3 】（A）kill

28、（B） starve（C） abuse（D）worsen54 【C4 】（A）When（B） While（C） As（D）Since55 【C5 】（A）lost（B） derived（C） generated（D）synthesized56 【C6 】（A）what（B） why（C） how（D）which57 【C7 】（A）good（B） high（C） lower（D）poor58 【C8 】（A）represent（B） make（C） present（D）exert59 【C9 】（A）medication（B） illusion（C） motion（D）action60 【C1

29、0 】（A）habit（B） behavior（C） disorder（D）pattern六、Part Reading Comprehension60 Children should avoid using mobile phones for all but essential calls because of possible health effects on young brains. This is one of the expected conclusions of an official government report to be published this week. Th

30、e report is expected to call for the mobile phone industry to refrain from promoting phone use by children, and to start labeling phones with data on the amount of radiation they emit.The Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones, chaired by former government chief scientist William Stewart, has spe

31、nt eight months reviewing existing scientific evidence on all aspects of the health effects of using mobile phones. Its report is believed to conclude that because we dont fully understand the nonthermal effects of radiation on human tissue, the government should adopt a precautionary approach, part

32、icularly in relation to children.There is currently no evidence that mobile phones harm users or people living near transmitter masts. But some studies show that cell-phones operating at radiation levels within current safety limits do have some sort of biological effect on the brain.John Tattersall

33、, a researcher on the health effects of radiation at the Defense Evaluation and Research Agencys site at Porton Down, agrees that it might be wise to limit phone use by children. “If you have a developing nervous system, its known to be more susceptible to environmental insults,“ he says, “So if pho

34、nes did prove to be hazardous which they havent yetit would be sensible.“In 1998, Tattersall showed that radiation levels similar to those emitted by mobile phones could alter signals from brain cells in slices of rat brain, “What weve found is an effect, but we dont know if its hazardous,“ he says.

35、Alan Preece of the University of Bristol, who found last year that microwaves increase reaction times in test subjects, agreed that childrens exposure would be greater. “Theres a lot less tissue in the way, and the skill is thinner, so childrens heads are considerably closer,“ he says.Stewarts repor

36、t is likely to recommend that the current British safety standards on energy emissions from cell-phones should be cut to the level recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, which is one-fifth of the current British limit. “The extra safety factor of five is so

37、mewhat arbitrary,“ says Michael Clark of the National Radiological Protection Board. “But we accept that its difficult for the UK to have different standards from an international body.“61 Just because it has not been confirmed yet whether mobile phone emissions can harm human tissue, according to t

38、he government report, does not mean that_.（A）the government should prohibit children from using cell-phones（B） we should put down the phone for the sake of safety（C） the industry can have a right to promote phone use（D）children are safe using cell-phones62 Tattersall argues that it is wise to refrai

39、n mobile phone use by children in terms of_.（A）their neural development（B） their ill-designed cell-phones（C） the frequency of their irrational use（D）their ignorance of its possible health effects63 On the issue in question, Preece_.（A）does not agree with Tattersall（B） tries to remove the obstacles i

40、n the way（C） asks for further investigation（D）would stand by Stewart64 What is worrisome at present is that the UK_.（A）is going to turn deaf ears to the voice of Stesarts plan（B） finds it difficult to cut the current safety standards on phone use（C） maintains different standards on safety limit from

41、 the international ones（D）does not even impose safety limit on the mobile phones energy emissions65 Which of the following can be the best candidate for the title of the passage?（A）Brain Wave.（B） For Adults Only.（C） Catch Them Young.（D）The Answer in the Air.65 Advances in cosmetic dentistry and plas

42、tic surgery have made it possible to correct facial birth defects, repair damaged teeth and tissue, and prevent or greatly delay the onset of tooth decay and gum disease. As a result, more people smile more often and more openly today than ever in the past, and we can expect more smiles in the futur

43、e.Evidence of the smiles ascent may be seen in famous paintings in museums and galleries throughout the world. The vast majority of prosperous bigwigs(要人), voluptuous nudes, or middle-class family members in formal portraits and domestic scenes appear to have their mouths firmly closed. Soldiers in

44、battle, children at play, beggars, old people, and especially villains may have their mouths open; but their smiles are seldom attractive, and more often suggest strain or violence than joy.Smiles convey a wide range of meanings in different eras and cultures, says art historian Angus Trumble, curre

45、ntly curator(馆长)of Yale Universitys Center for British Art, in his book A Brief History of the Smile. Compare, for instance, the varying impressions made by the shy dimples(酒窝)of Leonardos Mona Lisa; the rosy-cheeked, mustachioed Laughing Cavalier of Frans Hals; and the “Smiley Face“ logo perfected(

46、though not invented)in 1963 by American graphic artist Harvey R.Ball.In some non-Western cultures, Trumble notes, even a warm, open smile does not necessarily indicate pleasure or agreement. It can simply be a polite mask to cover emotions considered too rude or shocking to be openly displayed.Subtl

47、e differences in muscle movement can convey enormous differences in emotion, from the tranquility of bronze Buddhas, to the erotic bliss of couples entwined in stone on Hindu temples, to the fierce smirk(假笑)of a guardian demon at the entrance to a Chinese tomb.Trumble expects the impact of Western m

48、edicine and mass media to further increase the pressure on people to grin broadly and laugh openly in public. “Faint smiles are increasingly thought of in scientific and psychological circles as something that falls short of the true smile,“ and therefore suggest insincerity or lack of enthusiasm, h

49、e says.With tattooing, body piercing, and permanent cosmetics already well established as fashion trends, one can imagine tomorrows beauty shops adding plastic surgeons and dentists to their staffs. These corner-store cosmeticians would offer style makeovers to reshape our lips, teeth, and jawlines to mimic the signature smile of ones favorite celebrity.What can you say to that except “Have a nice day?“66 Had it not been for cosm