[考研类试卷]考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷182及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷 182 及答案与解析Part B (10 points) 0 The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an English order of chivalry with a history stretching back to medieval times; today it is Europes oldest national order of knighthood in continuous existence and the pinnacle of the British honors system.【C1】 _At any
2、rate, the Order was most probably not constituted before 1346.The original statutes required that each member admitted to the Order already be a knight(what would today be called a knight bachelor), and several initial members of the Order were first knighted in that year.【C2】 _The Order can also in
3、clude certain extra members, namely members of the British Royal Family and foreign monarchs, known as “Supernumerary“ Knights and Ladies. The Sovereign alone grants membership of the Order; the Prime Minister does not tender binding advice as to appointments, as he or she does for most other orders
4、.【C3】 _Whoever wears the Garter takes pride in the honor. The Garter is an actual accessory worn by the members of the Order during ceremonial occasions; it is also depicted on several insignia.Various legends have been set forth to explain the origin of the Order. The most popular one involves the
5、“Countess of Salisbury“. It may refer to Joan of Kent, the Kings future daughter-in-law, or to her then mother-in-law, whom Edward is known to have admired. Whilst she was dancing with the King, her garter is said to have slipped from her leg to the floor. When the surrounding courtiers snickered, t
6、he King picked it up and tied it to his own leg, exclaiming “Honi soit qui mal y pense“. The French may be loosely translated as “Shame on him who thinks evil of it“; it has become the motto of the Order.【C4】 _Most British orders of chivalry cover the entire kingdom, but the three most exalted ones
7、each pertain to one constituent nation only. The Order of the Garter, which pertains to England, is most senior in both age and precedence. Its equivalent in Scotland is The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle. Whilst the Order of the Thistle was certainly in existence by the sixteenth
8、century and possibly has medieval origins(or even, according to more fanciful legends, dates to the eighth century), the foundation of the institution in its modern form dates only to 1687.【C5】 _AThe Chapel of the Order is St. Georges Chapel, Windsor, located in the Lower Ward of Windsor Castle. It
9、was founded for the Order in 1475. The order once held frequent services at the Chapel, but they became rare in the eighteenth century. Discontinued after 1805, the ceremony was revived by George VI in 1948 and it has become an annual event.BIn 1783 an Irish equivalent, The Most Illustrious Order of
10、 St. Patrick, was founded, but since the independence of the greater part of Ireland the Order has fallen dormant. Its“ last surviving knight died in 1974.CThe honors system of the United Kingdom is a means of rewarding personal bravery, achievement or service to the country. The system is made up o
11、f three types of award: honors, decorations and medals.DIts membership is extremely limited, consisting of the Sovereign and not more than twenty-five full members, or Companions. Male members are known as Knights Companions, whilst female members are known as Ladies Companions, not Dames, as in mos
12、t other British chivalric orders.EThe Order was founded circa 1348 by Edward III as “a society, fellowship and college of knights“. Various more precise dates ranging from 1344 to 1351 have been proposed. The wardrobe account of Edward III first shows Garter habits issued in the autumn of 1348.FAs t
13、he name suggests, the Orders primary emblem is a garter bearing the motto “Honi soit qui mal y pense“, which means “shame on him who thinks evil of it“ in gold letters.GAccording to another myth, Richard I, whilst fighting in the Crusades, was inspired by St. George to tie garters around the legs of
14、 his knights; Edward III supposedly recalled the event, which led to victory, when he founded the Order.1 【C1 】2 【C2 】3 【C3 】4 【C4 】5 【C5 】5 We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a persons knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were.
15、 It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations.【C1】 _As anxiety makers, examinations are second to none. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our s
16、ociety. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. It doesnt matter that you werent feeling very well, or that your mother died. Little things like that dont count: the exam goes on. No one can give of his best when he is in normal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely
17、what the examination system expects him to do.【C2】 _Can we wonder at the increasing number of “dropouts“: young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?【C3】 _The examination system does anything b
18、ut that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming.Examinations lower the standard
19、s of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedom.【C4】 _The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner. Examiners are only human.【C5】 _There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a persons true a
20、bilities. Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis. The best comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall: “I were a teenage dropout and now I are
21、 a teenage millionaire. “ATeachers never understand that we may get sick, oversleep, get hangovers, have family problems, have bad days, and break up with significant others. They are only concerned about the marks.BTeachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching
22、their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise.CThey get tired and hungry; they make mistakes. Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time. They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates. And the
23、ir word carries weight. After a judges decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiners.DIn some countries, the workload is excruciatingly heavy. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured.EAl
24、though many people complain about the harm incurred by exams. But can we make sure that the students can study well after we do away with exams? By no means, students are too young to realize the importance of learning. Exams should be reserved for students for they never fail to encourage them to m
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- 考研 试卷 英语 阅读 模拟 182 答案 解析 DOC
