[考研类试卷]GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷178及答案与解析.doc

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1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷 178 及答案与解析一、Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the

2、 center.1 It is the business of the police to prevent and detect crime and of the law courts to punish _.（A）crime（B） sin（C） offence（D）fault2 The pressure _ causes American to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.（A）to compete（B） competing（C） to be competed（D）having c

3、ompeted3 The manager needs an assistant who he can _ to take care of problems in his absence.（A）count on（B） count in（C） count up（D）count out4 Its_of her to refuse to admit that she is wrong: she is very stubborn.（A）characteristic（B） peculiar（C） specific（D）particular5 The new bridge will _ the island

4、 to the mainland.（A）link（B） unite（C） join（D）combine6 The name of television comes from the Greek word tele and the Latin word videre, _ “far“ and “to see“, respectively.（A）meaning（B） meant（C） are meant（D）have the meaning of7 Your sister has made an _ for you to see the dentist at 3 this afternoon.（A

5、）appointment（B） interview（C） opportunity（D）assignment8 The number of the employees _ in this company.（A）have doubled（B） has doubled（C） are doubled（D）were doubled9 I cant give you _ for the type of car you sell because theres no demand for it in the market.（A）an expense（B） a purchase（C） a charge（D）an

6、 order10 Many old people in the cities find themselves unable to get used to the rapid _ of city life.（A）rate（B） speed（C） step（D）pace二、Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are

7、four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11 Doctors at Stanford University are studying a medication they hope will alleviate the suffering of millions of American women. But their target isnt breast cancer

8、, osteoporosis, or a similarly well-known affliction. Despite its alarming impact on its victims, the malady in question has received comparatively little medical scrutiny. Its a “hidden epidemic“, according to the Stanford researchers: compulsive shopping disorder.Thats fight. What was once merely

9、a punch line in television sitcoms is now being taken seriously by many clinicians. According to the Stanford studys leader, Dr. Lorrin Koran, compulsive shopping is “motivated by irresistible impulses, characterized by spending that is excessive and inappropriate, has harmful consequences for the i

10、ndividual, and tends to be chronic and stereotyped“. Compulsive shoppers “binge buy“most often clothes, shoes, makeup, and jewelryand then suffer intense guilt. That, in turn, helps trigger another frenzied trip to the mall, and the cycle continues.Could compulsive shopping be a health hazard associ

11、ated with Americas unparalleled economic prosperity? “It seems to be a disease of affluence“, says Dr. Jerrold Pollak, a clinical psychologist whos treated several shopaholics. “Advertisers would like us to think that shopping is a reason to live“, agrees Dr. Cheryl Carmin, another clinical psycholo

12、gist. “If you do not have the time or inclination to go to the mall or grocery store, there are catalogs, delivery services, home shopping networks on TV, and endless items to buy via the Internet“. Indeed, this year, U.S. advertisers will spend $233 billionan amount equal to six federal education b

13、udgetsto persuade Americans to buy, buy, buy.Yet the possibility that U.S. advertisers may be driving certain women in our society to psychosis is only part of the story. It seems that the pharmaceutical companies quest to cure the effects of excessive marketing may itself be little more than a clev

14、erly-disguised marketing scheme. The Stanford study, like many of its kind, is being funded by a pharmaceutical company. The undisclosed drag is an FDA-approved antidepressant, specifically an SSRIa selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (The researchers are also studying behavioral therapies for c

15、ompulsive shoppers).The researchers running the Stanford study refused to reveal their sponsor. However, only five SSRIs are currently on the U.S. market. Pfizer (makers of Zolofi), Eli Lilly (Prozac) and SmithKline Beecham (Paxil) all reported that they are neither conducting nor planning any studi

16、es of their drags for compulsive shopping. Solvay (Luvox) also seems an unlikely candidate. In 1997, researchers at the University of Iowa tried using Luvox to treat compulsive shoppers and found no measurable differences between the effects of the drag and those of a placebo. Perhaps the manufactur

17、ers of Luvox want to give their product another shot. More likely, however, the mysterious benefactor of the Stanford Study is Forest Pharmaceuticals (Celexa). Their PR department neither confirmed nor denied any involvement in Korans study.Why would a pharmaceutical company anonymously spend money

18、to license one of its top-selling drugs for a marginal disorder like compulsive shopping? A big part of the answer is profit. The mystery company presumably hopes to carve a unique slice out of the mental disorder pie in order to market it together with a ready-made treatment. This is not at all a n

19、ew strategy for the worlds mammoth pharmaceutical fins, as David Healy, a professor at the University of Wales College of Medicine, explains in his book “The Anti-Depressant Im“. Healys book describes a process by which companies seek to “educate“ both patients and clinicians about a new disorder, t

20、o sell the disorder in preparation for selling its cure. Funding clinical trials is a crucial part of that process.11 We learn at the beginning of the passage that _.（A）doctors at Stanford University are testing a new drag（B） the consequences of compulsive shopping are minimal（C） compulsive shopping

21、 disorder has not received enough attention from the medical community（D）unlike breast cancer or osteoporosis, compulsive shopping disorder defies treatment12 Which of the following is true of compulsive shopping disorder?（A）It is a disease that tends to get worse and worse.（B） It is a disease that

22、afflicts a large part of the female population.（C） It is a disease that lasts for a short period of time.（D）It is a disease that is inheritable.13 The manufacturer of which of the following SSRIs is most possibly the sponsor the Stanford study?（A）Zolofi（B） Prozac（C） Luvox（D）Celexa14 We can infer fro

23、m the passage that a study of a medication by researchers will_.（A）improve the quality of the medication（B） cut the cost of the medication（C） raise the publics awareness of the condition the medication is supposed to cure（D）encourage the pharmaceutical company to manufacture new medications15 The au

24、thor would most likely agree with which of the following statements?（A）Advertising is responsible for compulsive shopping disorder.（B） Pharmaceutical companies counteract the effects advertisers who persuade Americans to binge buy.（C） Pharmaceutical companies are to blame for compulsive shopping dis

25、order.（D）Pharmaceutical companies are every bit as marketing-oriented as advertisers.16 Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didnt know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismo

26、king lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to caily graves.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to t

27、he growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earths atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. T

28、he president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panels report “Science never has all the answers but science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the be

29、st judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.Just as on smoking voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that its OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous

30、game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But its obvious that a majority of the presidents advisers still dont take global

31、 warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more researcha classic ease of “paralysis by analysis“.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration

32、 wont take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry is a promising start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots

33、of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.16 An argument made by supporters of smoking was that _.（A）there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death.（B） the

34、number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant.（C） people had the freedom to choose their own way of life.（D）antismoking people were usually talking nonsense.17 According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as _.（A）a protector.（B） a judge,（C） a critic.（D）a guide,18 What does

35、 the author mean by “paralysis by analysis“(Last line, Paragraph 4)?（A）Endless studies kill action.（B） Careful investigation reveals truth.（C） Prudent planning hinders.（D）Extensive research helps decision-making.19 According to the author, what should the Administration do about _.（A）Offer aid to bu

36、ild cleaner power plants.（B） Raise public awareness of conservation.（C） Press for further scientific research.（D）Take some legislative measures.20 The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because _.（A）they both suffered from the governments negligence.（B） a lesson from

37、the latter is applicable to the former.（C） the outcome of the latter aggravates the former.（D）both of them have turned from bad to worse.20 Once the 12 Girls Band became popular, similar groups predictably starting popping up. Musicat and Beautiful Youth 18 were formed last year. Both feature now-fa

38、miliar formulas of attractive young women playing different instruments in songs that combine modem music with classic Chinese tunes. Yet they add to the mix by throwing in song, dance and even acrobatics. In an interview, noted music critic Jin Zhaojun said the girl band phenomenon was not new to C

39、hina, as similar acts appeared in the 1980s.However, the undying rule is that to be successful, bands have to have a novel look. “The 12 Girls Band was the first group to give big live shows and show creativity in how they present their performances. The Beijing Red Poppy Ladies Percussion group, fo

40、rmed in 1999, has made a name for itself because they are the only band that exclusively plays drums and percussion instruments. Bands that dont have a thing are sure to die fast,“ Jin said.21 How many members are involved in the band?（A）8.（B） 10.（C） 12.（D）14.22 What does the word “novel“ probably m

41、ean in Para. 2?（A）Story.（B） Creative.（C） Book.（D）Lovely.23 According to Jin Zhaojun, the gift band phenomenon maybe appeared in _.（A）1980s（B） 1970s（C） 1960s（D）1990s24 What is the main characteristic of the 12 Girls Band?（A）They are the only band that exclusively plays drums and percussion instrument

42、s.（B） They dont make use of any instrument.（C） All of them play the same kind of instrument.（D）They play different instruments in songs that combine modern music with classic Chinese tunes.25 What is the passage mainly about?（A）The Beijing Red Poppy Ladies Percussion.（B） A trend born-the 12 Girls Ba

43、nd.（C） How to succeed in musical world.（D）Bands that dont have “a thing“ are sure to die fast.25 Pressed by competition and its own success，the popular search engine Google has created an automated way to search for new employees who are fully appropriate as well as high-achievingIn a project，the 10

44、0，000 people who fill in online job applications for Google each month will be asked to complete a complicated questionnaire(问卷)exploring their attitudes，behavior，personality and backgrounds going back to their school daysThe questions range from whether applicants have ever set a world record，to wh

45、ether their workspace is messy or tidy or what magazines they readAnswers are studied by Googles mathematicians to calculate a score meant to predict how well a person will fit into the organizations diversified and competitive culturePsychometric tests(心理测试)are already used by more traditional comp

46、anies to select workersbut they arc unheard of in a company like Google，which is built on a belief in individual talentThe online questionnaire is based on the answers to 300 questions sent out last summer to every employee at the head office in CaliforniaS Silicon ValleySome questions were factual

47、：What programming languages are you familiar with？What Internet mailing lists are you on?Other questions，however，tried to establish personality and behavioural characteristics：Have you ever tutored another person?“We wanted to cast a very wide net，”said Laszlo Bock，Googles Vice-President for People

48、Operations“It is not unusual to walk into our office and bump into dogsMaybe people who own dogs have some personality feature that is useful”26 Google has created a new way of recruiting in order to_（A）find the most appropriate employees（B） better compete with other companies（C） spread its unique c

49、orporate culture（D）conduct an online research project27 The information gained from the questionnaire will be_（A）analyzed in a report（B） summed up in a figure（C） organized into a chart（D）kept in its raw state28 What is true about the Google online questionnaire?（A）It was based on a survey of its employees（B） It focuses on background questions（C） It was designed by some mathematicians（D）It has been filled out by 100000