NASA NACA-TN-776-1940 The aileron as an aid to recovery from the spin《作为恢复旋转帮助的副翼》.pdf
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1、It.La71 “-!J?ECHIJICAL70TESNAT IOITAL ADVISORY COMiiITTEE FOR AERONAUTICSNo. 776ITHE AILIROIT AS AN AID TO R2ilCOVllRYFROM THE SPINBy A. I. 17eihoueLangley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory !)THIS DOCUMENT ON LOAN FROM THE FILES OFilATFONIL ADVISORY COMMFrFEE FOR AERONAUTICSWGLEVAERONAIJTICAL LA601MT
2、ORYIANGLEY FiELD, HANPTON, VIRGIKI,4RETURN TO THE MO!E ADDRESS.REQIJEsTS FOR PUBUCATIOIS SHOULD READDRESSEDAS FOLLOWSINATIONM ADVISORY COhlffim FOR AERONAUTlm1724 F STREET, N.w.,WASHING_iON 25, D.C, I. ItWashingtonSeptember 1340. .,- . .“. -. - .,- . . . -. -.7-. , -, z -. -., - - . . . , -7 - ,. .
3、. . ( , . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,:, ,. ,J ,. .,.-,_.-,. . . . .,-. Ix, where Ix and. Iy are the moments of inertiaabout the X and the Y axes, respectively) . The $e-sults for this group are summarized in figure 1. Thesecond group, the results for which are pre”ented in fig:ure 2, comprises models
4、9, 10, and 6R, with weight dis-tributed chiefly along the wings (Ix Iy) . . The wdightdistribution of model 9, an .uns.taggored biplane, fell inthe sane category as that 0$ model 10, a mul.tiongine de-sign. Model 6R was obtained by reballasting node16 tosimulate the mass distribution of a nulticngin
5、c design.Tho tests ofthis nodcl therefore, provided direct checkon the validity of classification of the aileron effectaccording to the typo of mass distribution,.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-4 NACA Technical Note Eo776.,-, t,-,. “
6、-,:.- ,.A study of the results for models 1 to 8 indicatesthat tho use of a large-downward dflection of the out-board aileron was generally favorable to the spin and therecovery characteristics. Tests with,tiheinbo”ard aileronneutral and the” outboard .aiLoron preset “hi various posf-tions were mdde
7、 wih-modols lr 2, 3, 5, “and 6Thosetests showed that, astho downward deflection”.of the ?iler-on increased., the steady: spip. tended to s%ee.pbn.until.acondition was reached in which the rotation: could nolonger be maintained. The model then automatically ”re-covered when launched into the tunnel i
8、n rotation. The tests were usually stopped when the vertical ,velocity be-came too great for the ttinnel even though ”the nonspinning condition had not been attained. With models 4, 7, and 8,the tests were made for only the 600 downward aileron set-ting. Tho extent to which the model spins were affe
9、ctedby a given aileron setting varied considerably among thomodels. Yor example, tho.vertical velocity of model 2lecame too fast for the tunnel when the outlord aileronwas set down 10; whereas, with modol 3, this conditiondid not obtain even with a 40 setting. Four out of fivomodels of this group te
10、sted with a 600 downward aileronsetting would not spin for this control configuration, Models 3 and 5.were not tested with 60 settingsof the aileron but, for these models as was the case formodel 23 smaller settings were quite effective. The in-dications are that, in every case, a large downward de-
11、flection of the outboard aileron would be sufficienteither to prevent the spin or to steepen the spin enoughso that recovery ly rudder reversal would ho rapid. Theaileron setting required to insure a rapid recovery wouldprobably be less than 60 for these cases. Drooped ailer-ons sot full with the sp
12、in approximate the condition ofthe outboard aileron alone deflected down through a largeangle. These results idicate the advantages of holdingdrooped ailerons full with the spin where the weightdistribution is of the type represented by modelsl to 8.When the steady spin was made ith the ailerons ou-
13、tral and the outboard aileron moved down simultaneous,ywith the rudder reversal for recovery, the recoveries woronot so good as when this aileron was present. Of,tho SiXmodels tested on whichthe outboard aileron and the rudderwere moved together, satisfactory recoveries,.wero obtainodfor five cases.
14、 For models 1, 2 aad 6, i 400 downvrard.a71.- -. . , , - :. . . . ,. ,.- .- - - . .- -,.,.:,.”,. - , ,: - . . ,., :,. . .J ,., ,. ,. . . -. ,.,:- “,Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NAC.ATechntca ”Rotb No. 776 5deflection of the outboar
15、d aileron was sufficient but formodels 3 and 4 a 60 deflection was necessary. For model5, which had a very flat attitude in;the spin (approxi-mately 800), recovery, although showing some improvement,still took on the order of 14 turns even when the outboardaileron was deflected as much as 800 downwa
16、rd.Oa modol 4,which would not recover by rudder rever-sal for aileron”s neutral, a test was made in which theoutboard aileron was moved down after the rudder had beenneutralized. This condition corrosp-ondeti to the ,situationin which n pilot finds neutralizing of the fiudder to beineffoctivo and fo
17、llows up his initial manipulation by do-flccting tho outboard nilcron as an added omcrgcncy device.!l?hoensuing rocovory for the case tested wcLs rapid.Tests on modols 7 and 8 indicated that individualdofloction of the outbor.rd aileron down through e.largeangle was more effective than any other ind
18、ividual deflec-tion of either aileron, up or down. Although the compari-son was not complete for the remaining models, it wasfound that, in general, deflection of the outer ailerondown was most effective, hut in a few isolated instancesother deflections appeared equally effective.The results for mod
19、els 9, 10, and 6R, models whoseweight was distributed chiefly along the wings, show thatpresetting the outboard aileron down 60 had very littloeffect with these models. With mo-del 9, it appeared that.an aileron deflection “larger than 600 would produce as-light favorable effect. For model 10, the s
20、pin with theouthord aileron deflected down 600 WO.S slightly flatterthan th spin with this aileron neutral and, for model 6R,.-there was little effect with this aileron setting.T)ie effect of normal angular settings of the aileronswas invetigated and the results indicated that presettingthe ailerons
21、 with the spia, tried for five of the firsteight models, gave results consistent with those for alarge downward deflection of the outboard aileron in thatthe spins wore steeper and tho recoveries were more rapidthan from the aileron-neutral spins. Presetting the ai-lerons against the spin had the op
22、posite effect; the ,spingenerally %ecame flatter and the recoveries slower. As:with tho larger aileron settings, tho “magnitudes of “theeffects varied considerably among models. With model 1,for example, the recovery depend.d critically upon the .aileron setting; with mode15j,ti? effects were barely
23、-:- -JA“ -Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-, . . ,: .-, . .-:.4. -.-6 I?ACA Technical Note No. 776.!:,.“percipt.ipleo When the steady spins vere made with theilqrons in neutral and the alerons moved simultaneously- witdi the rudder, si
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