MSS SP-96-2011 Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings《阀门和管件术语指南》.pdf

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1、 ANSI/MSS SP-96-2011 Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings Standard Practice Developed and Approved by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. 127 Park Street, NE Vienna, Virginia 22180-4602 Phone: (703) 281-6613 Fax: (703) 281-6671 E-mail: stan

2、dardsmss-hq.org www.mss-hq.org MSSMSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-96i This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committee 302 and the MSS Coordinating Committee. In addition, this Standard Practice was approved by an ANSI/MSS Consensus Committee and ANSI as an Americ

3、an National Standard. The content of this Standard Practice is the resulting efforts of competent and experienced volunteers to provide an effective, clear, and non-exclusive standard that will benefit the industry as a whole. This MSS Standard Practice describes minimal requirements and is intended

4、 as a basis for common practice by the manufacturer, the user, and the general public. The existence of an MSS Standard Practice does not in itself preclude the manufacture, sale, or use of products not conforming to the Standard Practice. Mandatory conformance to this Standard Practice is establish

5、ed only by reference in other documents such as a code, specification, sales contract, or public law, as applicable. MSS has no power, nor does it undertake, to enforce or certify compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this Standard

6、 Practice shall not be attributable to MSS and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. “Unless indicated otherwise within this MSS Standard Practice, other standards documents referenced to herein are identified by the date of issue that was applicable to this Standa

7、rd Practice at the date of approval of this MSS Standard Practice (see Annex A). This Standard Practice shall remain silent on the validity of those other standards of prior or subsequent dates of issue even though applicable provisions may not have changed.” By publication of this Standard Practice

8、, no position is taken with respect to the validity of any potential claim(s) or of any patent rights in connection therewith. MSS shall not be held responsible for identifying any patent rights. Users are expressly advised that determination of patent rights and the risk of infringement of such rig

9、hts are entirely their responsibility. In this Standard Practice, all text, notes, annexes, tables, figures, and references are construed to be essential to the understanding of the message of the standard, and are considered normative unless indicated as “supplemental”. All appendices, if included,

10、 that appear in this document are construed as “supplemental”. Note that supplemental information does not include mandatory requirements. This Standard Practice has been substantively revised from the previous 2001 (R 2005) edition. It is suggested that if the user is interested in knowing what cha

11、nges have been made, that a direct page by page comparison should be made of this document and that of the previous edition. Excerpts of this Standard Practice may be quoted with permission. Credit lines should read Extracted from ANSI/MSS SP-96-2011 with permission of the publisher, Manufacturers S

12、tandardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry. Reproduction and/or electronic transmission or dissemination is prohibited under copyright convention unless written permission is granted by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry Inc. All rights reserv

13、ed. Originally Published: September 1986 Current Edition Approved: July 2011 Current Edition Published: October 2011 Current Edition Approved by ANSI: September 2014 Current ANSI/MSS Edition Published January 2015 MSS is a registered trademark of Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve an

14、d Fittings Industry, Inc. Copyright , 2011 by Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-96ii FOREWORD Valves and fittings were being manufactured in the United States for many years before the first standards were writte

15、n. In selecting names for these products and their component parts, manufacturers chose terms which seemed appropriate to the configuration and intended use. Uses expanded and changed, and manufacturers sometimes found that logical choices of terminology had been preempted by other products. The res

16、ult has been that valves, fittings, and parts of similar configuration or intended use sometimes have more than one name. In other cases, the same name has been applied to assemblies or parts of different configuration and function. The absence of a common statement of preferred terms has contribute

17、d to the variations of terms used by individual manufacturers. This Standard Practice has been developed to serve two functions: 1) To assist the users of valves and fittings in communicating with their manufacturers. 2) To promote standardization in the usage of terms within the industry. This Stan

18、dard Practice provides definitions of the preferred items, and provides cross referencing to the appropriate preferred terms for other commonly used terminology. It is subject to the periodic review procedure common to standards. This 2011 American National Standard edition, ANSI-approved and publis

19、hed in 2014, is substantively consistent with the currently available 2011 MSS edition and will utilize this 2011 year in its nomenclature. Substantive revisions will be applied to the next edition, with a goal of having one unified and consistent ANSI/MSS Standard Practice. MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP

20、-96iii TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 1 SCOPE . 1 2 DOCUMENT SOURCES 1 3 GLOSSARY 4 4 ABBREVIATIONS . 34 ANNEX A Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates . 35 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-961 1. SCOPE 1.1 This Standard Practice lists and defines principle terms and acronyms widely used to describe gene

21、ral purpose valves, fittings, and related components. It is comprised of separate sections which contain: Acronyms for organizations whose documents are applicable to valves and fittings, and a brief summary of the applicable area of interest. A glossary of terms used in valve and fittings specifica

22、tions to describe design, operation, and performance characteristics. Abbreviations commonly used in the valve and fittings industry. 2. DOCUMENT SOURCES A number of technical societies, trade associations, and governmental agencies in the United States of America promulgate codes, standards, or spe

23、cifications that are pertinent to valves and fittings. Some are recognized throughout the valve and fittings industry, some are relevant to specific services, while others are applicable to all usages within a specific industry. Most of these organizations and their standards or specifications are d

24、esignated by letters. The organizations most frequently referenced and their relationship to the valve and fittings industry are listed below: AAR Association of American Railroads publishes design and dimensional standards for bronze valves and 300 psi pressure rating, malleable pipe fittings used

25、by railroads. ACI Alloy Castings Institute publishes material specifications for heat and corrosion resistant alloys. ABS American Bureau of Shipping publishes safety standards for shipbuilding, including specifications for valves and fittings used in commercial maritime service. AFS American Foundr

26、y Society publishes information on casting methods, procedures, and practices that are basic references for product design, procurement, and inspection of cast products. ANSI American National Standards Institute serves as administrator of the United States voluntary standardization system by accred

27、iting the procedures of standards developing organizations (SDOs). ANSI is also the sole U.S. member body to the ISO and IEC. API American Petroleum Institute publishes standards for systems and equipment related to the oil and natural gas industry. ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers (als

28、o known as ASME International) publishes codes, standards and specifications for materials, products, systems, services, and test methodologies involving a full range of technical fields, including the valves and fittings industry. ASNT American Society for Non-Destructive Testing publishes specific

29、ations for non-destructive examination procedures and methods for parts of valves and fittings. ASQ American Society for Quality Control publishes specifications applicable to valve and fitting components covering systems and procedures for quality assurance. GUIDELINES ON TERMINOLOGY FOR VALVES AND

30、 FITTINGS MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-962 ASSE American Society of Sanitary Engineering publishes plumbing standards and certifies products thereto. ASTM ASTM International (previously known as American Society for Testing and Materials) publishes standards for materials, products, systems, services, i

31、ncluding test methodology used in the manufacture of valves and fittings. AWS American Welding Society publishes specifications for materials and procedures used in welding and weld repair. AWWA American Water Works Association publishes standards for valves and piping used in water systems. CI Chlo

32、rine Institute publishes special material-requirements and procedures for piping components used in the production and handling of chlorine. CDA Copper Development Association publishes chemical specifications for copper alloys; supplements ASTM specifications for valve and fitting materials. CGA Co

33、mpressed Gas Association publishes technical information, standards, and recommendations for the manufacture, storage, transportation, distribution, and use of industrial gases. CSA Canadian Standards Association / Canadian Standards Association America publishes standards for fuel gas systems and f

34、or other gas appliances and accessories, which are relevant to valves and fittings. DIPRA Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association publishes information on research, design, applications, and corrosion protection for ductile iron pipe. FCI Fluid Controls Institute publishes standards and practices for

35、 capacity, design, efficiency, manufacture, and terminology of control equipment, including valves for gas, hydraulic, pneumatic circuits, and steam. FMRC Factory Mutual Research Corporation publishes insurance company standards for fire protection, inspection, and consultation, and provides certifi

36、cation testing for fire prevention and control equipment and procedures. FED STDS United States Government Specifications and Standards publishes standards and specifications for valves and fittings. Used for federal, non-military and civilian applications. IAPMO International Association of Plumbin

37、g and Mechanical Officials publishes the Uniform Plumbing Code and Uniform Mechanical Code and provides product certifications and training materials. IEC International Electrotechnical Commission publishes internationally agreed standards and specifications for control valves, electrical and electr

38、onic systems and apparatus. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers publishes internationally accepted standards and technical literature for electrical and electronic equipment, information technology, and other technically-oriented products and services. IFI Industrial Fasteners Ins

39、titute publishes specifications for bolting and fasteners used in the manufacture of valves and fittings. ISA International Society of Automation (previously known as the Instrument Society of America) publishes standards, educational material, and reference material related to the MSS STANDARD PRAC

40、TICE SP-963 theory, design, manufacture, and use of instruments and controls in many scientific and industrial applications including automatic fluid-control systems. ISO International Organization for Standardization publishes technical internationally accepted standards, specifications and recomme

41、ndations involving a full range of technical fields, including international standards for valves, piping, and fittings. JIC Joint Industry Conference publishes hydraulic and pneumatic standards that affect valve and fitting specifications and designs. MCA Manufacturing Chemists Association publishe

42、s chemical statistics handbooks and manuals of recommended practices and guidelines for handling chemicals. MSS Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry publishes Standard Practices for dimensions, marking, terminology, quality, testing, and other information for manu

43、facturers and users of products involving the valve and fittings industry. MIL-STDS/ United States Military Standards and MIL-SPECS Specifications publishes standards and specifications for valves and fittings used throughout the Department of Defense and for civilian applications. NACE National Ass

44、ociation of Corrosion Engineers publishes standards and guidelines related to corrosion control; special material requirements and procedures for piping components used in sour gas and other corrosive services. NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association publishes specifications for electrica

45、l equipment. NFPA National Fire Protection Association publishes design and performance standards and codes to minimize the possibility and effects of fire and other risks, which can be relevant to valves and fittings. NFPA National Fluid Power Association publishes technical standards for pumps, va

46、lves, cylinders, and fittings used in transmitting energy by means of fluid within a pipe, primarily for purposes of material handling or mechanism operation and control. NSF NSF International publishes public and environmental health standards. PFI Pipe Fabrication Institute publishes standards and

47、 technical bulletins for high-pressure, high-temperature piping systems and components for chemical plants, refineries, central power stations, ships, etc. RDT Reactor Development and Technology Division of U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission publishes design, performance, and quality assurance stand

48、ards for valves and fittings. SAE Society of Automotive Engineers publishes materials and dimensional standards for fittings. SAMA Scientific Apparatus Makers Association publishes standards covering process measurement and control devices including valves, scientific apparatus, and laboratory equip

49、ment. SSPC Society for Protective Coatings (Previously known as Steel Structures Painting Council) publishes specifications for surface preparation and coating of valves and other piping elements. SWPA Submersible Wastewater Pump Association a trade organization of pump and associated manufacturers that publishes industry guidelines and training materials. MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-964 TAPPI Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry publishes test procedures for laboratory apparatus an