ITU-T HDBK HTP-1993 Handbook on Transmission Planning《传输计划手册》.pdf
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1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-TS TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU HANDBOOK ON TRANSMISSION PLANNING Geneva, 1993 COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU TelecommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling Services - STDnITU-T HDBK HTP-ENGL 1993 YB62591 0682073
2、55T INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-TS TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU i L HANDBOOK ON TRANSMISSION PLANNING 1 Geneva, 1993 COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU TelecommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTDmITU-T HDBK HTP-ENGL 1773 m 48b2591
3、 b82074 4qb O U 1993 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU Telecommun
4、icationsLicensed by Information Handling Services1 . 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 I 2 . 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3 . 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 I I 3.8 . . STD-ITU-T HDBK HTP-ENGL 1993 48b2591 0682075 322 II TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Purpose of the booklet . Network structure . Planning . Management Coordinatio
5、n of planning between transmission and other fundamental technical plans . Traffic forecasting: technical development . Physical routing and route capacity . Re-planning of traffic routes . Dig i tali zat i on Planning for transmission maintenance . Transmission performance and planning . Loudness a
6、nd loss allocation . Stability. singing. hollowness and open loop loss Impedance and sidetone . Noise and interference Fidelity and distortion . The effect of talker echo Subjective effects of direct crosstalk thresholds of audibility and intelligibility Requirements of non-telephone services Pacle
7、3 3 3 4 4 9 9 17 29 32 36 41 45 52 CCITlHANDBCOMXIITRPLVJE 1 .DOC COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU TelecommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling Services4 . 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5 . 5.1 5.2 5.3 6 . 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 7 . 8 . STD-ITU-T HDBK HTP-ENGL L993 m 4862591 Ob8207b 269 m -
8、2- Review of equipment . Subscriber sets Transmission systems . Switching systems . Other systems Dedicated networks . Mobile telephone networks Private networks Conference networks . Economic aspects and subscriber reaction . Aspects of the implementation and operation; planning for optimization .
9、Utilization and operation Economic aspects and subscriber reaction . Charge . Network planning responsibilities . Outlook References Annex . Transmission plan of Canadian network Paae 52 52 53 55 55 55 56 57 58 60 60 61 63 64 64 65 65 66 CCITnHANDBCOMXlITRPLV2El . DOC COPYRIGHT International Telecom
10、munications Union/ITU TelecommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling Servicesi STD-ITU-T HDBK HTP-ENGL 1993 W 4862593 Ob82077 ZT5 W -3- 1. Introduction 1.1 Purpose of the booklet The main purpose of the booklet is to assist in the preparation of a transmission plan in accordance with the CCITT R
11、ecommendations. It explains the links between the transmission plan and the other fundamental plans and sets out to identify and consolidate the material needed to establish a transmission plan in accordance with the new CCITT Recommendations on transmission impairments and their acceptable limits,
12、having regard to technical, economic and development constraints on the telecommunications network. Generally speaking, increasingly high levels of performance are now being expected of telecommunications networks because all the administrations are facing the urgent requirements of the “information
13、 society“ and are compelled to introduce as many new services as possible, economically. The most important supports to these activities are those new and partly or completely amended and redrafted earlier Recommendations which are on the one hand dealing with the new references (e.g. national and i
14、nternational circuit and digital path models for planning purposes) and on the other hand with the objectively defined quality measures of the communications (e.g. Loudness Rating). In the present evolving phase, at the planning, operating and managing the mixed connections (analogue and digital sec
15、tions as chains in the network), one has to be very careful with problems such as the stability, impedance strategy, distribution of loss and LR and the summing up of the effects of the disturbances of various nature. which proved to be the essence of the future telecommunications and ISDN - all dep
16、end on the putting into practice of aspects, guidances and rules discussed in the following paragraphs of this booklet. Nevertheless, this booklet is not meant to rule by exact and minute formulations, however, it is intended to support the planners showing them the course of planing and guide them
17、in the judgement and evaluation of the results of various quality influencing effects. general idea of the network planning. Therefore, planning and developing the steps towards general and full digitalization - The Reader may find below a short introductory survey and some remarks concerning the 1.
18、2 Network structure planning methods call for the overall problem to be broken down into a number of more easily soluble sub-problems. The network must be structured so as to permit decentralized planning and so that routine A network may be organized around technical, geographical and administrativ
19、e structures. CCITTHANDBCOMXIITRPLVBEl .DOC COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU TelecommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTDmITU-T HDBK HTP-ENGL 1993 W 48b2591 Ob82078 O31 W -4- 1.2.1 Technical organization While a distinction is usually drawn between switchina. tr
20、ansmission and the subsc riber network, it is sometimes useful to distinguish diaital and analoaue metal cables, radio-relay systems, satellites, fibre optics, depending on the extent to which they are used in the network. 1.2.2 Geographical organization A distinction is drawn between: - urban netwo
21、rks, characterized by high density, heavy traffic and short subscriber lines; - - rural networks, characterized by low density, light traffic and longer subscriber lines; trunk and international networks linking the other two types of network and consisting essentially of transit exchanges and trans
22、mission routes. 1.2.3 Administrative organization requirements and charging problems. This is based largely on geographical distribution but also takes account of administrative 1.3 Planning requirements and promote the development of the telephone network into a genuine telecommunication network. T
23、he most important plans include: A telecommunication network is organized around basic plans which must reflect service - - the numbering plan which identifies subscribers; the routing plan which, for services other than point-to-point service, determines the optimum logical traffic route; the trans
24、mission plan which guarantees adequate transmission quality for the service carried by the network (speech, data, etc.) to all users (universal service); - the charging plan which defines the network utilization cost of each service offered. A transmission plan can be introduced and followed most di
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