IEST STD-CC1246E-2013 Product Cleanliness Levels - Applications Requirements and Determination.pdf
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1、Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology IEST-STD-CC1246E Contamination Control Division Standard 1246E Product Cleanliness Levels Applications, Requirements, and Determination Arlington Place One 2340 S. Arlington Heights Road, Suite 620 Arlington Heights, IL 60005-4510 Phone: (847) 981-0
2、100 Fax: (847) 981-4130 E-mail: informationiest.org Web: www.iest.org 2 IEST 2013 All rights reserved Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology IEST-STD-CC1246E This Standard is published by the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology to advance the technical and engineering scie
3、nces. Use of this document is entirely voluntary, and determination of its applicability and suitabil-ity for any particular use is solely the responsibility of the user. Use of this Recommended Practice does not imply any warranty or endorsement by IEST. This Standard was prepared by and is under t
4、he jurisdiction of Working Group 901 of the IEST Contamination Con-trol Division. Copyright 2013 by the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology First printing, February 2013 ISBN 978-1-937280-08-6 PROPOSAL FOR IMPROVEMENT: The Working Groups of the Institute of Environmental Sciences and
5、Tech-nology are continually working on improvements to their Recommended Practices and Reference Documents. Sug-gestions from users of these documents are welcome. If you have a suggestion regarding this document, please use the online Proposal for Improvement form found on the IEST website at www.i
6、est.org. Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology Arlington Place One 2340 S. Arlington Heights Road, Suite 620 Arlington Heights, IL 60005-4510 Phone: (847) 981-0100 Fax: (847) 981-4130 E-mail: informationiest.org Web: www.iest.org IEST 2013 All rights reserved Institute of Environmental
7、Sciences and Technology IEST-STD-CC1246E 3 Product Cleanliness Levels Applications, Requirements, and Determination IEST-STD-CC1246E CONTENTS HISTORICAL BACKGROUND .4 SECTION 1 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS 5 2 REFERENCES AND APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS .5 3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 6 4 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 7 5 CLE
8、ANLINESS REQUIREMENTS 7 6 MEASUREMENT OF CLEANLINESS . 11 7 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND REPORTING OF DATA 12 8 PROTECTION . 14 9 INSPECTION 14 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 14 11 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES . 14 FIGURE 1 PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION ON A LOGLOG2 SCALE 8 2 FORMAT AND EXAMPLE FOR SPECIFYING PRODUCT CLEANLINE
9、SS LEVELS 10 TABLE 1 PARTICULATE CLEANLINESS LEVELS .8 2 NONVOLATILE RESIDUE CLEANLINESS LEVELS .9 3 SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES FOR SURFACES, LIQUIDS, AND GASES 11 4 STUDENTS t FACTOR FOR 95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT . 13 A1 PARTICLE FALLOUT CLEANLINESS LEVELS 15 A2 PARTICLE FALLOUT CLEANLINESS LEV
10、EL PLUS INITIAL PARTICLE CLEANLINESS LEVEL 15 B1 CALCULATING PARTICLE PERCENT AREA COVERAGE . 16 D1 VISIBLY CLEAN CRITERIA . 19 ANNEX A PARTICLE FALLOUT SPECIFICATION 15 B PERCENT AREA COVERAGE OF PARTICLES . 16 C OTHER PARTICLE COUNT SPECIFICATIONS . 18 D VISIBLY CLEAN . 19 4 IEST 2013 All rights r
11、eserved Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology IEST-STD-CC1246E HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The establishment of contamination control practices became a necessity with the advent of World War II and the ensuing mechanical wartime innovations. Two of the wartime inventions requiring high level
12、s of cleanliness were the Norden bombsight and the first navigational gyroscopes. Particles in the range of 20 to 50 m would cause the bombsight and the gyroscope to malfunction. Further degrees of refinement in equipment created the need for great-er control of product cleanliness and ambient condi
13、tions. In 1956 the US government acquired an inertial guidance system containing two floating gyros. The suspension system was highly dependent on contaminant-free fluid. It was observed that contamination one-half the size of cigarette smoke particles could compromise the system, indi-cating the de
14、gree of cleanliness control necessary in the development of that system. Major improvements in the area of industrial contamination control and air filtration occurred during the late 1950s and early 1960s. The development of improved techniques occurred as a result of manufacturing advances and the
15、 introduction of extremely sophisticated electronic, electromechanical, electro-optical, and hydraulic equipment. These devices required major improvements in cleanliness levels because the presence of microscopic particles could result in the malfunction of a device, an entire system, or even the m
16、ission. With the technological advancements that have followed, requirements for higher degrees of cleanliness have forced contamination control efforts to keep pace through new developments and applications. The greatest impetus for stricter requirements for contamination control has come from the
17、microelectronics industry. The advent of solid-state electronics and integrated circuits made it possible to produce chips containing hundreds of thousands of dis-crete devices, each consisting of multiple component parts with specific functions, totaling perhaps millions of such components per chip
18、. Without the innovations in contamination control, the advances in low-cost computers, com-munications, and a myriad of other uses of microelectronics would not have been possible. The development of cleanliness standards for critical components was the direct result of satisfying the need for comm
19、on terminology and standardization. In 1962 a military standard was created to establish guidelines and re-quirements for the specification of cleanliness levels essential to product reliability and quality. This document, known as MIL-STD-1246, has been updated periodically in order to keep current
20、 with technological advances. Its history is summarized as follows: MIL-STD-1246 (MI) 19 December 1962 MIL-STD-1246A 18 August 1967 MIL-STD-1246B 4 September 1987 MIL-STD-1246C 11 April 1994 IEST-STD-CC1246D January 2002 The 1246C version was prepared for the US Army Missile Command by the Contamina
21、tion Control Division of the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (IEST). In 1997, the U.S. Army commissioned IEST to revise and adapt this military standard as an industry standard. Its usefulness today extends far beyond military applications. This document is the resulting industry
22、standard. IEST 2013 All rights reserved Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology IEST-STD-CC1246E 5 Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology Contamination Control Division Standard 1246E Product Cleanliness Levels Applications, Requirements, and Determination IEST-STD-CC1246E 1 S
23、COPE AND LIMITATIONS 1.1 Scope This standard provides methods for specifying and determining product cleanliness levels for contamina-tion-critical products. The emphasis is on contami-nants that can impact product performance. 1.2 Use The requirements set forth in this standard are not required for
24、 all products but are intended for use in procurement and design contracts for those items where contamination control limits for parts, compo-nents, or fluids are necessary to ensure reliability and performance. 1.3 Safety This standard does not purport to address the safety problems that may be as
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