FAA 14 CFR PART 91-2011 GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES《一般运行和飞行规则》.pdf

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1、578 SUBCHAPTER FAIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES PART 91GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 502 SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 60 SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 77 SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 79 SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGU

2、LATION NO. 87 SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 97 SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 104 SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 107 SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 108 Subpart AGeneral Sec. 91.1 Applicability. 91.3 Responsibility and authority of the pilot in command. 91.5 Pilot

3、 in command of aircraft requiring more than one required pilot. 91.7 Civil aircraft airworthiness. 91.9 Civil aircraft flight manual, marking, and placard requirements. 91.11 Prohibition on interference with crew-members. 91.13 Careless or reckless operation. 91.15 Dropping objects. 91.17 Alcohol or

4、 drugs. 91.19 Carriage of narcotic drugs, marihuana, and depressant or stimulant drugs or substances. 91.21 Portable electronic devices. 91.23 Truth-in-leasing clause requirement in leases and conditional sales contracts. 91.25 Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against use of reports fo

5、r en-forcement purposes. 91.2791.99 Reserved Subpart BFlight Rules GENERAL 91.101 Applicability. 91.103 Preflight action. 91.105 Flight crewmembers at stations. 91.107 Use of safety belts, shoulder har-nesses, and child restraint systems. 91.109 Flight instruction; Simulated instru-ment flight and c

6、ertain flight tests. 91.111 Operating near other aircraft. 91.113 Right-of-way rules: Except water op-erations. 91.115 Right-of-way rules: Water operations. 91.117 Aircraft speed. 91.119 Minimum safe altitudes: General. 91.121 Altimeter settings. 91.123 Compliance with ATC clearances and instruction

7、s. 91.125 ATC light signals. 91.126 Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class G airspace. 91.127 Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class E airspace. 91.129 Operations in Class D airspace. 91.130 Operations in Class C airspace. 91.131 Operations in Class B airspace. 91.133

8、 Restricted and prohibited areas. 91.135 Operations in Class A airspace. 91.137 Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas. 91.138 Temporary flight restrictions in na-tional disaster areas in the State of Ha-waii. 91.139 Emergency air traffic rules. 91.141 Flight restrict

9、ions in the proximity of the Presidential and other parties. 91.143 Flight limitation in the proximity of space flight operations. 91.144 Temporary restriction on flight oper-ations during abnormally high baro-metric pressure conditions. 91.145 Management of aircraft operations in the vicinity of ae

10、rial demonstrations and major sporting events. 91.146 Passenger-carrying flights for the benefit of a charitable, nonprofit, or community event. 91.147 Passenger carrying flights for com-pensation or hire. 91.14891.149 Reserved VISUAL FLIGHT RULES 91.151 Fuel requirements for flight in VFR condition

11、s. 91.153 VFR flight plan: Information re-quired. 91.155 Basic VFR weather minimums. 91.157 Special VFR weather minimums. 91.159 VFR cruising altitude or flight level. 91.161 Special awareness training required for pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washi

12、ngton, DC VOR/DME. 91.16291.165 Reserved INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES 91.167 Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions. 91.169 IFR flight plan: Information required. 91.171 VOR equipment check for IFR oper-ations. VerDate Mar2010 11:09 Mar 07, 2011 Jkt 223044 PO 00000 Frm 00588 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:

13、SGML223044.XXX 223044wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFRProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-579 Federal Aviation Administration, DOT Pt. 91 91.173 ATC clearance and flight plan re-quired. 91.175 Takeoff and landing under IFR. 91.177 Minimu

14、m altitudes for IFR oper-ations. 91.179 IFR cruising altitude or flight level. 91.180 Operations within airspace des-ignated as Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum airspace. 91.181 Course to be flown. 91.183 IFR communications. 91.185 IFR operations: Two-way radio com-munications failure. 91.187 Ope

15、ration under IFR in controlled airspace: Malfunction reports. 91.189 Category II and III operations: Gen-eral operating rules. 91.191 Category II and Category III manual. 91.193 Certificate of authorization for cer-tain Category II operations. 91.19591.199 Reserved Subpart CEquipment, Instrument, an

16、d Certificate Requirements 91.201 Reserved 91.203 Civil aircraft: Certifications required. 91.205 Powered civil aircraft with standard category U.S. airworthiness certificates: Instrument and equipment requirements. 91.207 Emergency locator transmitters. 91.209 Aircraft lights. 91.211 Supplemental o

17、xygen. 91.213 Inoperative instruments and equip-ment. 91.215 ATC transponder and altitude report-ing equipment and use. 91.217 Data correspondence between auto-matically reported pressure altitude data and the pilots altitude reference. 91.219 Altitude alerting system or device: Turbojet-powered civ

18、il airplanes. 91.221 Traffic alert and collision avoidance system equipment and use. 91.223 Terrain awareness and warning sys-tem. 91.225 Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADSB) Out equipment and use. 91.227 Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADSB) Out equipment per-formance req

19、uirements. 91.22891.299 Reserved Subpart DSpecial Flight Operations 91.301 Reserved 91.303 Aerobatic flight. 91.305 Flight test areas. 91.307 Parachutes and parachuting. 91.309 Towing: Gliders and unpowered ultra-light vehicles. 91.311 Towing: Other than under 91.309. 91.313 Restricted category civi

20、l aircraft: Op-erating limitations. 91.315 Limited category civil aircraft: Oper-ating limitations. 91.317 Provisionally certificated civil air-craft: Operating limitations. 91.319 Aircraft having experimental certifi-cates: Operating limitations. 91.321 Carriage of candidates in elections. 91.323 I

21、ncreased maximum certificated weights for certain airplanes operated in Alaska. 91.325 Primary category aircraft: Operating limitations. 91.326 Reserved 91.327 Aircraft having a special airworthi-ness certificate in the light-sport cat-egory: Operating limitations. 91.32891.399 Reserved Subpart EMai

22、ntenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations 91.401 Applicability. 91.403 General. 91.405 Maintenance required. 91.407 Operation after maintenance, preven-tive maintenance, rebuilding, or alter-ation. 91.409 Inspections. 91.410 Reserved 91.411 Altimeter system and altitude report-ing equipment

23、tests and inspections. 91.413 ATC transponder tests and inspec-tions. 91.415 Changes to aircraft inspection pro-grams. 91.417 Maintenance records. 91.419 Transfer of maintenance records. 91.421 Rebuilt engine maintenance records. 91.42391.499 Reserved Subpart FLarge and Turbine-Powered Multiengine A

24、irplanes and Fractional Ownership Program Aircraft 91.501 Applicability. 91.503 Flying equipment and operating in-formation. 91.505 Familiarity with operating limita-tions and emergency equipment. 91.507 Equipment requirements: Over-the- top or night VFR operations. 91.509 Survival equipment for ove

25、rwater op-erations. 91.511 Communication and navigation equipment for overwater operations. 91.513 Emergency equipment. 91.515 Flight altitude rules. 91.517 Passenger information. 91.519 Passenger briefing. 91.521 Shoulder harness. 91.523 Carry-on baggage. 91.525 Carriage of cargo. 91.527 Operating

26、in icing conditions. 91.529 Flight engineer requirements. 91.531 Second in command requirements. 91.533 Flight attendant requirements. 91.535 Stowage of food, beverage, and pas-senger service equipment during aircraft VerDate Mar2010 11:09 Mar 07, 2011 Jkt 223044 PO 00000 Frm 00589 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 801

27、0 Y:SGML223044.XXX 223044wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFRProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-580 14 CFR Ch. I (1111 Edition) Pt. 91 movement on the surface, takeoff, and landing. 91.53791.599 Reserved Subpart GAdditional Equipment and O

28、p-erating Requirements for Large and Transport Category Aircraft 91.601 Applicability. 91.603 Aural speed warning device. 91.605 Transport category civil airplane weight limitations. 91.607 Emergency exits for airplanes car-rying passengers for hire. 91.609 Flight data recorders and cockpit voice re

29、corders. 91.611 Authorization for ferry flight with one engine inoperative. 91.613 Materials for compartment interiors. 91.61591.699 Reserved Subpart HForeign Aircraft Operations and Operations of U.S.-Registered Civil Aircraft Outside of the United States; and Rules Governing Persons on Board Such

30、Aircraft 91.701 Applicability. 91.702 Persons on board. 91.703 Operations of civil aircraft of U.S. registry outside of the United States. 91.705 Operations within airspace des-ignated as Minimum Navigation Per-formance Specification Airspace. 91.706 Operations within airspace designed as Reduced Ve

31、rtical Separation Min-imum Airspace. 91.707 Flights between Mexico or Canada and the United States. 91.709 Operations to Cuba. 91.711 Special rules for foreign civil air-craft. 91.713 Operation of civil aircraft of Cuban registry. 91.715 Special flight authorizations for for-eign civil aircraft. 91.

32、71791.799 Reserved Subpart IOperating Noise Limits 91.801 Applicability: Relation to part 36. 91.803 Part 125 operators: Designation of ap-plicable regulations. 91.805 Final compliance: Subsonic airplanes. 91.80791.813 Reserved 91.815 Agricultural and fire fighting air-planes: Noise operating limita

33、tions. 91.817 Civil aircraft sonic boom. 91.819 Civil supersonic airplanes that do not comply with part 36. 91.821 Civil supersonic airplanes: Noise lim-its. 91.82391.849 Reserved 91.851 Definitions. 91.853 Final compliance: Civil subsonic air-planes. 91.855 Entry and nonaddition rule. 91.857 Stage

34、2 operations outside of the 48 contiguous United States. 91.858 Special flight authorizations for non- revenue Stage 2 operations. 91.859 Modification to meet Stage 3 or Stage 4 noise levels. 91.861 Base level. 91.863 Transfers of Stage 2 airplanes with base level. 91.865 Phased compliance for opera

35、tors with base level. 91.867 Phased compliance for new entrants. 91.869 Carry-forward compliance. 91.871 Waivers from interim compliance re-quirements. 91.873 Waivers from final compliance. 91.875 Annual progress reports. 91.877 Annual reporting of Hawaiian oper-ations. 91.87991.899 Reserved Subpart

36、 JWaivers 91.901 Reserved 91.903 Policy and procedures. 91.905 List of rules subject to waivers. 91.90791.999 Reserved Subpart KFractional Ownership Operations 91.1001 Applicability. 91.1002 Compliance date. 91.1003 Management contract between owner and program manager. 91.1005 Prohibitions and limi

37、tations. 91.1007 Flights conducted under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter. 91.1009 Clarification of operational control. 91.1011 Operational control responsibilities and delegation. 91.1013 Operational control briefing and ac-knowledgment. 91.1014 Issuing or denying management specifications. 91

38、.1015 Management specifications. 91.1017 Amending program managers man-agement specifications. 91.1019 Conducting tests and inspections. 91.1021 Internal safety reporting and inci-dent/accident response. 91.1023 Program operating manual require-ments. 91.1025 Program operating manual contents. 91.10

39、27 Recordkeeping. 91.1029 Flight scheduling and locating re-quirements. 91.1031 Pilot in command or second in com-mand: Designation required. 91.1033 Operating information required. 91.1035 Passenger awareness. 91.1037 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered; Limitations; Destinat

40、ion and alternate airports. 91.1039 IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums. 91.1041 Aircraft proving and validation tests. VerDate Mar2010 11:09 Mar 07, 2011 Jkt 223044 PO 00000 Frm 00590 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:SGML223044.XXX 223044wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFRProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo

41、reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-581 Federal Aviation Administration, DOT Pt. 91 91.1043 Reserved 91.1045 Additional equipment requirements. 91.1047 Drug and alcohol misuse education program. 91.1049 Personnel. 91.1051 Pilot safety background check. 91.1053 Crewmembe

42、r experience. 91.1055 Pilot operating limitations and pair-ing requirement. 91.1057 Flight, duty and rest time require-ments; All crewmembers. 91.1059 Flight time limitations and rest re-quirements: One or two pilot crews. 91.1061 Augmented flight crews. 91.1062 Duty periods and rest requirements: F

43、light attendants. 91.1063 Testing and training: Applicability and terms used. 91.1065 Initial and recurrent pilot testing requirements. 91.1067 Initial and recurrent flight attend-ant crewmember testing requirements. 91.1069 Flight crew: Instrument proficiency check requirements. 91.1071 Crewmember:

44、 Tests and checks, grace provisions, training to accepted standards. 91.1073 Training program: General. 91.1075 Training program: Special rules. 91.1077 Training program and revision: Ini-tial and final approval. 91.1079 Training program: Curriculum. 91.1081 Crewmember training requirements. 91.1083

45、 Crewmember emergency training. 91.1085 Hazardous materials recognition training. 91.1087 Approval of aircraft simulators and other training device. 91.1089 Qualifications: Check pilots (air-craft) and check pilots (simulator). 91.1091 Qualifications: Flight instructors (aircraft) and flight instruc

46、tors (simu-lator). 91.1093 Initial and transition training and checking: Check pilots (aircraft), check pilots (simulator). 91.1095 Initial and transition training and checking: Flight instructors (aircraft), flight instructors (simulator). 91.1097 Pilot and flight attendant crew-member training pro

47、grams. 91.1099 Crewmember initial and recurrent training requirements. 91.1101 Pilots: Initial, transition, and up-grade ground training. 91.1103 Pilots: Initial, transition, upgrade, requalification, and differences flight training. 91.1105 Flight attendants: Initial and transi-tion ground training

48、. 91.1107 Recurrent training. 91.1109 Aircraft maintenance: Inspection program. 91.1111 Maintenance training. 91.1113 Maintenance recordkeeping. 91.1115 Inoperable instruments and equip-ment. 91.1411 Continuous airworthiness mainte-nance program use by fractional owner-ship program manager. 91.1413

49、CAMP: Responsibility for airworthi-ness. 91.1415 CAMP: Mechanical reliability re-ports. 91.1417 CAMP: Mechanical interruption summary report. 91.1423 CAMP: Maintenance organization. 91.1425 CAMP: Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration programs. 91.1427 CAMP: Manual requirements. 91.1429 CAMP: Required inspection per-sonnel. 91.1431 CAMP: Continuing analysis and sur-veillance. 91.1433 CAMP: Maintenance and preventive