EN ISO 15927-6-2007 en Hygrothermal performance of buildings - Calculation and presentation of climatic data - Part 6 Accumulated temperature differences (degree-days)《建筑物的温湿性能 气象数.pdf

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1、BS EN ISO15927-6:2007ICS 07.060; 91.120.10NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDHygrothermalperformanceof buildings Calculation andpresentation ofclimatic dataPart 6: Accumulated temperaturedifferences (degree-days) (ISO15927-6:2007)This British Standa

2、rdwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 32008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 54950 2Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 15927-6:2007National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO15927-6:2007.The UK partici

3、pation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/540, Energy performance of materials components andbuildings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a

4、contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.0 SeptemberEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 15927-6September 2007ICS 07.060; 91.120.10English VersionHygrothermal performance of buildings

5、- Calculation andpresentation of climatic data - Part 6: Accumulated temperaturedifferences (degree-days) (ISO 15927-6:2007)Performance hygrothermique des btiments - Calcul etprsentation des donnes climatiques - Partie 6: carts detemprature cumuls (degrs-jour) (ISO 15927-6:2007)Wrme- und feuchteschu

6、tztechnisches Verhalten vonGebuden - Berechnung und Darstellung von Klimadaten -Teil 6: Akkumulierte Temperaturdifferenzen (Gradtage)(ISO 15927-6:2007)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 June 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate

7、the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists i

8、n three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies o

9、f Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN C

10、OMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 15927-6:2007: EBS EN ISO 15927-6:

11、2007EN ISO 15927-6:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 15927-6:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 163 “Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 89 “Thermal performance of buildings and building components“,

12、 the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2008. According t

13、o the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lit

14、huania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15927-6:2007 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 15927-6:2007 without any modification. BS EN ISO 15927-6:2007ISO 1592

15、7-6:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units . 1 4 Direct calculation of accumulated temperature differences 3 5 Estimation of totals. 6 6 Reference altitude. 7 7 Accuracy and prese

16、ntation of data. 8 Annex A (informative) Estimation of monthly accumulated temperature differences from climatological statistics . 10 Bibliography . 13 BS EN ISO 15927-6:2007ISO 15927-6:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a wor

17、ldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on

18、 that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted

19、in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standar

20、d requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15927-6 was prepared by

21、 the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 89, Thermal performance of buildings and building components, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 163, Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment, Subcommittee SC 2, Calculation methods, in acc

22、ordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). ISO 15927 consists of the following parts, under the general title Hygrothermal performance of buildings Calculation and presentation of climatic data: Part 1: Monthly means of single meteorological elements

23、Part 2: Hourly data for design cooling load Part 3: Calculation of a driving rain index for vertical surfaces from hourly wind and rain data Part 4: Hourly data for assessing the annual energy use for heating and cooling Part 5: Data for design heat load for space heating Part 6: Accumulated tempera

24、ture differences (degree days) BS EN ISO 15927-6:2007ISO 15927-6:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved vIntroduction Accumulated temperature differences are a relatively simple form of climatic data, useful as an index of climate severity as it affects energy use for space heating. Calculation or est

25、imation of accumulated temperature differences in this part of ISO 15927 is based on the concept of a base temperature. The base temperature reflects the point at which buildings begin to need heating to maintain the required internal temperatures. This is the external temperature below which the he

26、ating plant is assumed to come into operation. For some purposes, such as development of energy policy, the need is for a single base temperature that can be taken to represent an average value for the whole built stock and overall climate. For other purposes, it is better to determine a base temper

27、ature appropriate to an individual building and time of year. This part of ISO 15927 meets these needs by including both exact and approximate methods of determining accumulated temperature differences to both standard and variable base temperatures. Some methods include the possibility of a thresho

28、ld temperature (e.g. a daily mean air temperature lower than the base temperature, above which accumulated temperature differences are not counted). This approach is found in certain national methods of computation. It is, however, not covered in this part of ISO 15927 because it is considered to be

29、 less flexible than the methods given, in which accumulated temperature differences are assessed for a base temperature appropriate to the thermal performance of the building (taking account of other climatic conditions such as solar irradiation). Accumulated temperature differences computed and pre

30、sented in accordance with this part of ISO 15927 are suitable for various purposes including the following: a) providing an index of climatic severity as it affects energy use for space heating (the comparison use); b) monitoring the amount of energy used by a heating plant, and thus its efficiency

31、(the energy management use); c) comparing the actual energy consumption for heating in a specific period with the consumption in a standardized period in order to determine the measured rating (the energy modelling use); d) predicting the economic consequences of different levels of energy efficienc

32、y (e.g. through thermal insulation) for the building stock as a whole or for different classes of building (the energy policy use). Energy management list item b) requires new accumulated temperature difference data at regular intervals, such as meteorological station data or data representative of

33、a climatic region, calculated to standard base temperatures, published for each month of the heating season as soon as these can be computed from verified meteorological observations. Comparison, energy modelling and energy policy list items a), c) and d) require meteorological station data, data re

34、presentative of a climatic region or mapped data, collected over many years (possibly giving extremes as well as mean values), to typify the severity of the climate of a locality, area or region. For list item b), accumulated temperature differences are best suited to modelling the energy performanc

35、e of relatively small buildings with simple heating systems and controls, using “steady-state” thermal analysis. Modelling the performance of larger or more complex buildings can require more extensive climatological data sets, such as full or short “test reference years” which are outside the scope

36、 of this part of ISO 15927. In principle the equations in this part of ISO 15927 can be reversed to deal with accumulated temperature differences for assessing energy use in cooling or air-conditioning buildings (“cooling degree-hours” or “cooling degree-days”). However, as the air conditioning dema

37、nd depends as much on solar gain and external humidity as temperature, the results are not a reliable index of energy demand. BS EN ISO 15927-6:2007BS EN ISO 15927-6:2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15927-6:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1Hygrothermal performance of buildings Calculation and pre

38、sentation of climatic data Part 6: Accumulated temperature differences (degree days) 1 Scope This part of ISO 15927 specifies the definition, method of computation and method of presentation of data on accumulated temperature differences, used for assessing the energy used for space heating in build

39、ings. These are normally expressed in degree-hours or degree-days, and such data are often referred to simply as “heating degree-hours” or “heating degree-days”. This part of ISO 15927 includes approximate methods for calculating accumulated temperature differences based on hourly or daily mean temp

40、eratures and for estimating monthly values to any base temperature, for use when data computed directly from meteorological air temperature records are not available. In some countries, a threshold temperature different from the base temperature is used. This part of ISO 15927 does not cover this. 2

41、 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6243, Climatic data for

42、 building design Proposed system of symbols WMO Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, No. 8., 6thEdition, 19961)3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 hourly tempe

43、rature difference difference between a specified base temperature and the external air temperature during a given hour when the difference is positive, otherwise zero 1) World Meterorological Organization: http:/www.wmo.ch/pages/catalogue/New%20HTML/frame/engfil/8.html BS EN ISO 15927-6:2007ISO 1592

44、7-6:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3.1.2 daily temperature difference difference between a specified base temperature and the mean external air temperature during a given day when the difference is positive, otherwise zero 3.1.3 accumulated hourly temperature difference sum of all hourly temp

45、erature differences over a given period, e.g. day, month, season, year 3.1.4 accumulated daily temperature difference sum of all daily temperature differences over a given period, e.g. day, month, season, year 3.1.5 base temperature any conventional temperature, for instance the internal design temp

46、erature less decrements due to internal and solar gains 3.1.6 daily maximum and daily minimum temperatures maximum and minimum external dry-bulb temperatures during a day, which may be taken either as the highest and lowest of the 24 hourly mean temperatures, recorded from 01:00 to 24:00, or as the

47、recorded extremes on a maximum/minimum thermometer 3.1.7 hourly mean temperature average of instantaneous external air temperatures during an hour or, in the absence of continuous measurements, the air temperature measured at a particular moment (e.g. on the hour) 3.1.8 daily mean temperature averag

48、e of the hourly mean temperatures over a day or, if that is not available, the arithmetic mean of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures NOTE See 4.6. 3.1.9 monthly mean temperature long-term average of daily mean temperatures for a particular month (e.g. over a period of at least 10 years) 3.1.

49、10 standard deviation of hourly mean temperature standard deviation of hourly mean temperatures about the monthly mean temperature, based on long-term data 3.1.11 standard deviation of daily mean temperature standard deviation of daily mean temperatures about the monthly mean temperature, based on long-term data 3.1.12 reference altitude altitude above mean sea level to which accumulated hourly or daily temperature difference data refer 3.1.13 lapse rate of temperature rate at which monthly mean temperature falls with increasing al