EN ISO 3457-2008 en Earth-moving machinery - Guards - Definitions and requirements《土方机械 挡板 定义和要求》.pdf

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1、BS EN ISO3457:2008ICS 53.100NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDEarth-movingmachinery Guards Definitions andrequirements (ISO3457:2003)This British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 January200

2、9 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 63417 8Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 3457:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 3457:2008. Itis identical to ISO 3457:2003. It supersedes BS EN ISO 3457:2003 whichis withdrawn.The UK participation

3、 in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International).A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are r

4、esponsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 3457September 2008ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN ISO 3457:2003 English VersionEarth-moving machinery - Guards - Definitions and requi

5、rements(ISO 3457:2003)Engins de terrassement - Protecteurs - Dfinitions etexigences (ISO 3457:2003)Erdbaumaschinen - Schutzeinrichtungen - Begriffe undAnforderungen (ISO 3457:2003)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 August 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Intern

6、al Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

7、This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are

8、the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlan

9、d and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 34

10、57:2008: EBS EN ISO 3457:2008EN ISO 3457:2008 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 3457:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127 “Earth-moving machinery” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 3457:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 15

11、1 “Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national sta

12、ndards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN

13、ISO 3457:2003. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts o

14、f this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,

15、 Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 3457:2003 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 3457:2008 without any modification. BS EN IS

16、O 3457:2008EN ISO 3457:2008 (E) 4 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to pro

17、vide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member Stat

18、e, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements 1.3.8, 1.4, 1.5.3, 1.5.5, 1.6.2, 1.6.4, 3.2.1, 3.4.2 of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Oth

19、er requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 3457:2008EN ISO 3457:2008 (E) 5 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European

20、Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the Euro

21、pean Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements 1.

22、3.8, 1.4, 1.5.3, 1.5.5, 1.6.2, 1.6.4, 3.2.1, 3.4.2 of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 3457:2008ISO 3457:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iii

23、Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 General requirements . 2 5 Barrier guards . 3 6 Fenders 3 7 Fan guards. 3 8 Thermal guards . 4 9 Hose guards 4 10 Distance guarding. 4 Bibliography . 11 BS EN ISO 3457:2008ISO 3457:2003(E) iv I

24、SO 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested

25、 in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Comm

26、ission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technic

27、al committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO sha

28、ll not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 3457 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety requirements and human factors. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 3457:1986), which has b

29、een technically revised. BS EN ISO 3457:2008ISO 3457:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard provides performance requirements for guards and other means of protecting personnel from unintentional contact with common mechanical, fluid or thermal hazards on eart

30、hmoving machinery during normal machine operation and routine maintenance. Relationships between the distance separating a guard from a hazardous component and the guard opening size based on anthropometric data are included. Some factors having a significant effect upon personnel protection, such a

31、s operator and service personnel training, experience and careful practice, are outside the scope of this International Standard. Deviations from these requirements to allow technological advances in machine systems and designs are permissible. In complying with this International Standard, the foll

32、owing three safety principles are to be considered, in the order given, based on feasibility: a) eliminate potential hazards by machine design; b) guard against contact with sources of potential safety hazards if elimination by design is not feasible; c) warn of potential safety hazards where neithe

33、r a) nor b) is feasible. BS EN ISO 3457:2008BS EN ISO 3457:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3457:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1Earth-moving machinery Guards Definitions and requirements 1 Scope This International Standard defines principal terms and specifies requirements for, and characterist

34、ics of, guards and other means of protecting personnel from mechanical, fluid or thermal hazards associated with the operation and routine maintenance of earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165, when used as intended by the manufacturer. 2 Normative references The following referenced document

35、s are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2867, Earth-moving machinery Access systems ISO 3411, Earth-moving machinery H

36、uman physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Vocabulary ISO 6682, Earth-moving machinery Zones of comfort and reach for controls ISO 9244, Earth-moving machinery Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles ISO 12508,

37、 Earth-moving machinery Operator station and maintenance areas Bluntness of edges 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 guard protective device, alone or combined with other parts of the machine, designed and fitted to minimize the

38、possibility of contact with a potentially hazardous machine component 3.1.1 barrier guard guard that restricts the movement of a persons body or a part of it, in order to avoid its contact with a machine component or exposure to other, similar hazards EXAMPLE Rail, frame, cover or enclosure. BS EN I

39、SO 3457:2008ISO 3457:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reserved3.1.2 fender guard partially covering the wheels or tracks of a machine which restricts material that may be thrown by the wheels or tracks, and which can also be used to limit the operators contact with moving parts 3.1.3 fan guard structur

40、e covering the engine cooling fan to protect against inadvertent contact with the rotating fan 3.1.4 thermal guard guard that protects persons from contact with hot parts of the machine, and which can also be used to provide a heat barrier between the hot part and flammable materials 3.1.5 hose guar

41、d guard that provides protection from potential harmful fluid spray in the event of a hose failure 3.2 distance guarding means of providing protection by which the possibility of inadvertent contact with a hazardous component is minimized by the combination of the guard configuration (including open

42、ings) and the distance (safety distance) between the guard and the component, and, additionally, separation distances (minimum gap) of crush points in relation to body parts 3.3 routine maintenance action recommended by the manufacturer to be performed daily to maintain proper performance of a machi

43、ne EXAMPLE Lubrication, refueling, adjustments, preventive maintenance, cleaning and inspections. 4 General requirements 4.1 If a significant risk of injury exists from moving parts, hot parts or parts containing fluid, such hazards shall be addressed by design, by guarding, by locating beyond safet

44、y distances or by warning. Where it is necessary for machine components to be exposed in order for them to perform their intended function, guarding shall be provided to the extent permitted by proper operation or use. When guarding cannot eliminate the hazard associated with operating conditions as

45、 specified by the machine manufacturer, appropriate safety warnings in accordance with ISO 9244 shall be applied. 4.2 Guards shall be attached to the machine with common fasteners or other effective means. Access doors and guards which need to be opened for routine or daily maintenance, inspection o

46、r cleaning shall be easy to open and close, shall remain attached by a hinge, tether, or other suitable means, shall include means to keep them closed and, when required, open, and, if they need to be removed and exceed 20 kg, shall be provided with hand holds or lift points or both. 4.3 Guards whic

47、h need to be opened for maintenance shall be free of sharp edges and corners (see ISO 12508) and projections, and have sufficient strength under expected climatic and operational conditions for their intended use. 4.4 Each guard (excluding hose guards) shall be sufficiently rigid to avoid deflection

48、 into the hazardous component and to avoid detrimental permanent deformation under the following loads applied by means of a 125 mm diameter disc: BS EN ISO 3457:2008ISO 3457:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 3a) if a person can touch the guard 250 N applied at possible points of contact; b) if a

49、 person can fall or lean against the guard 500 N applied at possible points of contact; c) if the guard also serves as a step or platform of the access system 2 000 N applied at any location on the surface (see ISO 2867). 4.5 Rotating shafts that constitute a hazard shall be guarded either by barrier or distance guarding or by warning. 5 Barrier guards 5.1 The safety distance from a hazardous component to a barrier guard is measured from the nearest location a person can occupy in proximity to the component. See