EN 60300-3-1-2004 en Dependability management Part 3-1 Application guide Analysis techniques for dependability Guide on methodology《可信性管理 第3-1部分 指南应用 可信性分析技术 方法指南 IEC 60300-3-1-200.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60300-3-1:2004 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 to BS IEC 60300-3-1:2003 (renumbers the BS IEC as BS EN 60300-3-1:2004) Dependability management Part 3-1: Application guide Analysis techniques for dependability Guide on methodology The European Standard EN 60300-3-1:2004 has the

2、status of a British Standard ICS 03.120.30; 21.020 BS EN 60300-3-1:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 March 2003 BSI 29 September 2004 ISBN 0 580 41453 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English lan

3、guage version of EN 60300-3-1:2004. It is identical with IEC 60300-3-1:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee DS/1, Dependability and terotechnology, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on

4、request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the B

5、SI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquir

6、ers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This docum

7、ent comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 57, two Annex ZA pages and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 15370 29 September 20

8、04 Implementation of the European StandardEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60300-3-1 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM September 2004 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat

9、: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60300-3-1:2004 E ICS 03.120.30;21.020 English version Dependability management Part 3-1: Application guide Analysis techniques for depend

10、ability Guide on methodology (IEC 60300-3-1:2003) Gestion de la sret de fonctionnement Partie 3-1: Guide dapplication - Techniques danalyse de la sret de fonctionnement Guide mthodologique (CEI 60300-3-1:2003) Zuverlssigkeitsmanagement Teil 3-1: Anwendungsleitfaden Verfahren zur Analyse der Zuverlss

11、igkeit - Leitfaden zur Methodik (IEC 60300-3-1:2003) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2004-09-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without

12、any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language m

13、ade by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finl

14、and, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 60300-3-1:0240 - - 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard IEC 60300-3-1:2003,

15、prepared by IEC TC 56, Dependability, was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60300-3-1 on 2004-09-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (do

16、p) 2005-09-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2007-09-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60300-3-1:2003 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modifi

17、cation. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated: IEC 60300-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60300-2:1996 (not modified). _ EN6030031:20042063-00-31 IEC:20(30)E 5 DEPENDABILITY MANAGEMENT Part 3-1: Application guide Analysis techniques for depen

18、dability Guide on methodology 1 Scope This part of IEC 60300 gives a general overview of commonly used dependability analysis techniques. It describes the usual methodologies, their advantages and disadvantages, data input and other conditions for using various techniques. This standard is an introd

19、uction to selected methodologies and is intended to provide the necessary information for choosing the most appropriate analysis methods. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited app

20、lies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050(191):1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 191: Dependability and quality of service IEC 60300-3-2:1993, Dependability management Part 3: Application guid

21、e Section 2: Collection of dependability data from the field IEC 60300-3-4:1996, Dependability management Part 3: Application guide Section 4: Guide to the specification of dependability requirements IEC 60300-3-5:2001, Dependability management Part 3-5: Application guide Reliability test conditions

22、 and statistical test principles IEC 60300-3-10:2001, Dependability management Part 3-10: Application guide Maintainability IEC 60706-1:1982, Guide on maintainability of equipment Part 1: Sections One, Two and Three Introduction, requirements and maintainability programme IEC 60706-2:1990, Guide on

23、maintainability of equipment Part 2: Section Five Maintainability studies during the design phase IEC 60812:1985, Analysis techniques for system reliability Procedure for failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) IEC 61078:1991, Analysis techniques for dependability Reliability block diagram method I

24、EC 61165:1995, Application of Markov techniques IEC 61709:1996, Electronic components Reliability Reference conditions for failure rates and stress models for conversion IEC 61882:2001, Hazard and operability studies (HAZOP studies) Application guide ISO 9000:2000, Quality management systems Fundame

25、ntals and vocabulary 3002:1300306CEISB5 EN6030031:20043 6 603-00-31 EI:C0023(E) 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of IEC 60300, the definitions given in IEC 60050(191), some of which are reproduced below, together with the following definitions, apply. 3.1 item, entity any part, component,

26、 device, sub-system, functional unit, equipment or system that can be individually considered NOTE An item may consist of hardware, software or both, and may also in particular cases, include people. IEV 191-01-01 3.2 system set of interrelated or interacting elements ISO 9000, 2000 NOTE 1 In the co

27、ntext of dependability, a system will have a) a defined purpose expressed in terms of required functions, and b) stated conditions of operation/use. NOTE 2 The concept of a system is hierarchical. 3.3 component item on the lowest level considered in the analysis 3.4 allocation procedure applied duri

28、ng the design of an item intended to apportion the requirements for performance measures for an item to its sub-items according to given criteria 3.5 failure termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function NOTE 1 After failure the item has a fault. NOTE 2 Failure is an event, as

29、 distinguished from fault, which is a state. IEV 191-04-01 3.6 fault state of an item characterized by inability to perform a required function, excluding the inability during preventive maintenance or other planned actions, or due to lack of external resources NOTE A fault is often the result of a

30、failure of the item itself, but may exist without prior failure. IEV 191-05-01 3002:1300306CEISB6 EN6030031:20044063-00-31 IEC:20(30)E 7 4 Basic dependability analysis procedure 4.1 General procedure System definition Dependability requirements/ goals definition Allocation of dependability requireme

31、nts (if necessary) Dependability analysis (qualitative/ quantitative) Review and recommendation Start Requirements/ goals met? Stop Yes No No No Go back to the appropriate task IEC 3217/02 Figure 1 General dependability analysis procedure A general dependability analysis procedure consists of the fo

32、llowing tasks (as applicable): a) System definition Define the system to be analysed, its modes of operation, the functional relationships to its environment including interfaces or processes. Generally the system definition is an input from the system engineering process. b) Dependability requireme

33、nts/goals definition List all system reliability and availability requirements or goals, characteristics and features, together with environmental and operating conditions, as well as maintenance requirements. Define system failure, failure criteria and conditions based on system functional specific

34、ation, expected duration of operation and operating environment (mission profile and mission time). IEC 60300-3-4 should be used as guidance. c) Allocation of dependability requirements Allocate system dependability requirements or goals to the various sub-systems in the early design phase when nece

35、ssary. d) Dependability analysis Analyse the system usually on the basis of the dependability techniques and relevant performance data. 3002:1300306CEISB7 EN6030031:20045 8 603-00-31 EI:C0023(E) 1) Qualitative analysis Analyse the functional system structure. Determine system and component fault mod

36、es, failure mechanisms, causes, effects and consequences of failures. Determine degradation mechanism that may cause failures. Analyse failure/fault paths. Analyse maintainability with respect to time, problem isolation method, and repair method. Determine the adequacy of the diagnostics provided to

37、 detect faults. Analyse possibility for fault avoidance. Determine possible maintenance and repair strategies, etc. 2) Quantitative analysis Develop reliability and/or availability models. Define numerical reference data to be used. Perform numerical dependability evaluations. Perform component crit

38、icality and sensitivity analyses as required. e) Review and recommendations Analyse whether the dependability requirements/goals are met and if alternative designs may cost effectively enhance dependability. Activities may include the following tasks (as appropriate): Evaluate improvement of system

39、dependability as a result of design and manufacture improvement (e.g. redundancy, stress reduction, improvement of maintenance strategies, test systems, technological processes and quality control system). NOTE 1 The inherent dependability performance measures can be improved only by design. When po

40、or measured values are observed due to bad manufacturing processing, from the operating point of view, observed dependability performance measures can be enhanced by improving the manufacturing process. Review system design, determine weaknesses and critical fault modes and components. Consider syst

41、em interface problems, fail-safe features and mechanisms, etc. Develop alternative ways for improving dependability, e.g. redundancy, performance monitoring, fault detection, system reconfiguration techniques, maintenance pro- cedures, component replaceability, repair procedures. Perform trade-off s

42、tudies evaluating the cost and complexity of alternative designs. Evaluate the effect of manufacturing process capability. Evaluate the results and compare with requirements. NOTE 2 The general procedure summarizes, from an engineering point of view, the specific dependability programme elements fro

43、m IEC 60300-2, which are applicable for dependability analysis: dependability specifications, analysis of use environment, reliability engineering, maintainability engineering, human factors, reliability modelling and simulation, design analysis and product evaluation, cause-effect impact and risk a

44、nalysis, prediction and trade-off analysis. 4.2 Dependability analysis methods The methods presented in this standard fall into two main categories: methods which are primarily used for dependability analysis; general engineering methods which support dependability analysis or add value to design fo

45、r dependability. The usability of the dependability analysis methods within the general dependability analysis tasks of the general analysis procedure is given in Table 1. Table 2 gives more detailed characteristics. The methods are explained briefly in Annex A. 3002:1300306CEISB8 EN6030031:20046063

46、-00-31 IEC:20(30)E 9 Table 1 Use of methods for general dependability analysis tasks Analysis method Allocation of dependability requirements/goals Qualitative analysis Quantitative analysis Review and recommen- dations Annex Failure rate prediction Applicable for serial systems without redundancy P

47、ossible for maintenance strategy analysis Calculation of failure rates and MTTF for electronic components and equipment Supporting A.1.1 Fault tree analysis Applicable, if system behaviour is not heavily time- or sequence-dependent Fault combinations Calculation of system reliability, availability a

48、nd relative contributions of subsystems to system unavailability Applicable A.1.2 Event tree analysis Possible Failure sequences Calculation of system failure rates Applicable A.1.3 Reliability block diagram analysis Applicable, for systems where independent blocks can be assumed Success paths Calcu

49、lation of system reliability, availability Applicable A.1.4 Markov analysis Applicable Failure sequences Calculation of system reliability, availability Applicable A.1.5 Petri net analysis Applicable Failure sequences To provide the system description for Markov analysis Applicable A.1.6 Failure mode