EN 20-2-1993 en Wood Preservatives - Determination of the Protective Effectiveness Against Lyctus Brunneus (Stephens) - Part 2 Application by Impregnation (Laboratory Method)《木材防腐剂.pdf

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1、CEN EN*Z0-2 93 m 3404589 0045797 LbO m EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 20-2 April 1993 UDC 674.048.4 : 620.193.8 Descriptors: Wood, wood preservatives, pesticides, insecticides, pest control, lyctus, prevention, determination, effectiveness, laboratory tests English version Wood

2、 preservatives - Determination of the protective effectiveness against Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) - Part 2: Application by impregnation (laboratory method) Produits de prservation du bois - Dtermination de lefficacit protectrice vis-vis de Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) - Partie 2: Application par trait

3、ement en profondeur (Mthode de laboratoire) Holzschutzmittel - Bestimmung der vorbeugenden Wirkung gegenber Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) - Eil 2 : Anwendung durch Volltrnkung (Laborat oriumsverfahren) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-04-02. CEN members are bound to comply with the CE

4、NXENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to

5、any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

6、 CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation

7、Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 20-2 : 1993 E CEN EN*20-2 93 = 3404589 0045798 OT7 Page 2 EN 20-2: 1993 Forew rd This Part of this European Standard has been drawn up by the ?Lyctus? Expert G

8、roup of CEN/TC 38 ?Durability of wood and wood-based products?, with AFNOR as secretariat. This Part of EN 20 together with EN 20-1 replaces EN 20 : 1974. This Part of EN 20 is required to enable effectiveness assessments of preservatives which are intended to be applied by impregnation. This Part o

9、f this European Standard shal be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1993, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 1993. This Part of this European Standard was adopted

10、by CEN and in accordance with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations the following countries are bound to implement this Part of EN 20: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United

11、 Kingdom. Contents Foreword Introduction 1 Scope 2 Normative reference 3 Definitions 4 Principle 5 Test materials and apparatus 6 Sampling 7 Test specimens 8 Procedure 9 Validity of test 10 Expression of results 11 lst report Annex A (informative) - Example of a test report Annex B (informative) - T

12、echnique for culturing Lyctus hnw Annex C (informative) - Principal parasites and predators of Lyctus Annex D (informative) - Bibliography Page 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 5 5 5 7 7 8 9 11 14 14 CEN EN*20-2 93 W 3404589 0045799 T33 = Introduction This Part of EN 20 describes a laboratory method of test which give

13、s a basis for assessment of the effectiveness of a wood preservative, against Lyctus brunneus. It allows the determination of the concentration at which the preservative completely prevents the development of infestation from egg-laying in fully impregnated wood of susceptible species. The species L

14、yctus brunneus is chosen because of its particular practical relevance and because it can be used easily in laboratory tests. The method can be used with other lyctid species, but the results may not be comparable with those obtained with Lyctus brunneus. The test specimens are enriched with a defin

15、ed nutrient solution, before exposure to egg-laying, in order to ensure uniformity of nutrient quality of test specimens between different laboratories. This laboratory method provides one criterion by which the value of a product can be assessed. In making this assessment the methods by which the p

16、reservative may be applied should be taken into account. It is further recommended that results from this test should be supplemented by those from other appropriate tests, and above all by comparison with practical experience. When products which are very active at low concentrations are used it is

17、 very important to take suitable precautions to isolate and separate, as far as possible, operations involving chemical products, other products, treated wood, laboratory apparatus and clothing. Suitable precautions should include the use of separate rooms, areas within rooms, extraction facilities,

18、 conditioning chambers and special training for personnel. 1 Scope This part of EN 20 specifies a method for the determination of the protective effectiveness or the toxic values of a wood preservative against infestation by Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) in wood which has been treated previously by ful

19、l impregnation. This method is applicable to: - water-insoluble chemicals which are being studied as active insecticides, or, - organic formulations, as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates. This method is not applicable to water-based perservatives. N(nE. This metho

20、d may be used in conjuction with ageing procedures, which do not remove the added nutrient. Page 3 EN 20-2 : 1993 2 Normative reference This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate place

21、s in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporatedin it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referre

22、d to applies. IS0 3696 : 1987 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of EN 20, the following definitions apply. 3.1 representative sample A sample having its physical or chemical characteristics identical to the volumetric ave

23、rage characteristics of the total volume being sampled. 3.2 supplier The sponsor of the test. 4 Principle Depending on the test being carried out either: a set of test specimens of a susceptible wood species is impregnated with a nutrient solution and then impregnated with a solution of the preserva

24、tive; or if toxic values are to be determined, several sets of test specimens of a susceptible wood species are impregnated with a nutrient solution and then impregnated with a series of solutions in which the concentration of preservative is ranged in a given progession. The treated test specimens

25、are exposed to adult Lyctus brunneus and the resulting attack compared with that in untreated controls. If the preservative has been prepared in the laboratory by dilution of a concentrate or by dissolution of a solid, the resulting attack is also compared with that in solvent or diluent treated con

26、trols. Page 4 EN 20-2: 1993 5 %st materials nd CEN EN820-2 93 PP xatus 5.1 Biological material Lyctus brunneus (Stephens), insects emerged from cultures not more than 48 h before use in the test, reared for at least two generations on non-enriched oak or no more than three generations on enriched oa

27、k. NOTE. The culturing of Lyctus hnneus requires care in order to obtain a regular supply of adults which have not already laid eggs. The culturing technique, which experience has shown to be suitable, is described in annex B. 5.2 Products and reagents 5.2.1 Paraffin wax, for sealing the relevant su

28、rfaces of specimens treated with solutions. NOTE. Faraffin wax with a setting point of 52 OC to 54 OC has been found to be suitable. 5.2.2 Filter paper, ordinary quality medium-fast grade. 5.2.3 for example of glass for organic products. 5.3.7 Vmum vessel(s), fitted with stopcocks. 5.3.8 Vacuum pump

29、, fitted with a pressure gauge and capable of maintaining a pressure of 700 Pa). 5.3.9 Weights, to provide ballast for the test specimens. The weights shall not react with any materials with which they come into contact during the test. 5.3.10 Safety equipment and protective clothing, appropriate fo

30、r the test product and the test solvent, to ensure the safety of the operator. 5.3.11 Est containers, suitable for holding the test specimens and of material resistant to the solvents used. NWE. Jars of approximately 60 mm diameter and 100 mm height have been found to be suitable. 5.3.12 Drying vess

31、els(s), capable of holding sets of five test specimens (7.4), provided with a close-fitting cover and containing supports that will give minimum contact with treated test specimens to be placed on them. The vessels and supports shall be of a material that does not react with the preservative under t

32、est, for example glass. 5.3.13 Ordinary laboratory equipment, including a balance capable of weighing to an accuracy 5.3.14 X-ray apparatus (optional), with tungsten target and beryllium window, with voltage and current continuously variable in the ranges: of 0,Ol g. - voltage: 10 kV to 50 kV, - cur

33、rent: O mA to 15 mA. ) 100 Fa = 1 mbar. CEN EN*:20-2 93 3404589 0045OL 4LL 6 Sampling The sample of preservative shall be representative of the product to be tested. Samples shall be stored and handled in accordance with any written recommendations from the supplier. NUTE. For the sampling of preser

34、vatives from bulk supplies, the procedure given in EN 212 should be used. 7 Qst specimens 7.1 Species of wood The test shall be carried out on European oak. This shall comprise sessile oak, b) for a complete test of any given preservative: five untreated control specimens (see 7.4); c) if a solvent

35、or diluent is used: five control specimens (7.4) treated with that solvent or diluent (5.2.4 or 5.2.5). 8 Procedure 8.1 Prior impregnation of the test specimens with a nutrient solution 8.1.1 Composition of the nutrient solution Dissolve 2 g of peptone (5.2.6) and 10 g of the glucose (5.2.7) in 100

36、ml water (5.2.4). 8.1.2 Method of impregnation of nutrient solution Weigh each test specimen, place them in a beaker and ballast them with weights (5.3.9) to prevent them floating. Place the beaker in the vacuum vessel (5.3.7), and reduce the pressure using the vacuum pump (5.3.8) to 700 Pa. Hold th

37、e specimens at this pressure for 15 min. Allow the nutrient solution (8.1.1) into the beaker so as to cover the specimens. Bring the specimens back to atmospheric pressure, adding further solution if necessary to keep the specimens covered. Leave the specimens immersed for 1 h in the solution and th

38、en reweigh them after draining for 1 min. Determine the uptake of nutrient solution for each test specimen. Retain for testing only test specimens absorbing between 300 kg/m3 and 600 kg/m3 of nutrient solution. Page 6 EN 20-2: 1993 8. ,3 Drying of tes, specimens Dry the specimens in the drying chamb

39、er (5.3.3) at (30 f 2) OC for one week. 8.2 Conditioning of specimens before treatment Transfer the dried test specimens to the conditioning chamber (5.3.2) and condition them for one week. 8.3 Treatment of the test specimens 8.3.1 Preparation of treatment solutions 8.3.1.1 Solid preservatives Disso

40、lve the preservative in an appropriate solvent (5.2.5) to the required concentration, or to a series of concentrations if toxic values are to be de termined. Ail treatment solutions shall be freshly prepared. 8.3.1.2 Liquid preservatives If appropriate, use the preservative without further preparati

41、on other than any necessary stirring. If it is a concentrate, or if toxic values are to be determined, dilute the preservative with the diluent to the required working concentration, using the procedure specified by the supplier. All treatment solutions shall be freshly prepared. 8.3.1.3 ?xic values

42、 If toxic values are to be determined, prepare a series of at least five concentrations by mass, distributed evenly about the expected toxic values. A solvent or diluent control, i.e. treatment at concentration = O, shall also be used. If the approximate toxic values are unknown, the concentrations

43、shall form a widely spaced goemetric progression for a first test and a more closely spaced geometric or arithmetic progression for subsequent tests. All treatment solutions shall be freshly prepared. 8.3.2 Impregnation Carry out impregnation in ascending order of concentration, starting with the so

44、lvent control (concentration = O). The following procedure ensures the required complete impregnation of test specimens by the test solutions. For each concentration weigh each specimen, to the nearest 0,05 g, and then stack the specimens in one of the treatment vessels (5.3.6) so that as much of th

45、eir surface as possible is exposed (e.g. by piling them crosswise). Ballast the stack of specimens with the weights (5.3.9) to prevent them floating later when the liquid is admitted. Place each treatment vessel in one of the vaccum vessels (5.3.9, attach the vacuum pump (5.3.8) and reduce the press

46、ure to 700 Pa. Maintain this vacuum for 15 min. Observe the proper safety measures for vacuum vessels. After this period, close the stopcock to the vacuum pump (5.3.8) and open the other stopcock to allow the solution of preservative to be drawn into the treatment vessel. Keep the specimens covered

47、completely by the solution throughout the remainder of the impregnation process. Next, admit air to bring the vacuum vessel back to atmospheric pressure, remove the treatment vessel when its submerged specimens from the vacuum vessel, cover it and leave it for 2 h, adding further solution as necessa

48、ry to keep the specimens fully covered by liquid. After this impregnation treatment, remove the test specimens one by one, remove the excess liquid from their surfaces by lightly blotting with filter paper (5.2.2) and immediately weigh each to the nearest 0,05 g. In the case of preservatives, which

49、are being studied as active substances, calculate the mass of active matter retained by each specimen from the mass of solution absorbed and its concentration2). In the case of organic formulations the retention is expressed for each test specimen in terms of the corresponding mass of the formulation retained; but, if a concentrate is supplied, the retention is expressed in terms of the solution prepared ready for use as specified by the supplier. Calculate the mass of preservative retained per unit volume of wood in kilograms per cubic metre, for each specimen. Calculat