EN 1926-2006 en Natural stone test methods - Determination of uniaxial compressive strength《天然石料检验方法 抗压强度的测定》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1926:2006Natural stone test methods Determination of uniaxial compressive strengthThe European Standard EN 1926:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 73.020; 91.100.15g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g

2、38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 1926:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978-0-580-49936-4National forewordThis British Standar

3、d was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 1926:2006. It supersedes BS EN 1926:1999 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/545, Natural stone.A list of organizations represented on B/545 can be obtained on request to its secre

4、tary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDN

5、ORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1926December 2006ICS 73.020; 91.100.15 Supersedes EN 1926:1999 English VersionNatural stone test methods - Determination of uniaxialcompressive strengthMthodes dessai des pierres naturelles - Dtermination dela rsistance la compression uniaxialePrfverfahren fr Naturste

6、in - Bestimmung der einachsigenDruckfestigkeitThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 November 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alterati

7、on. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation

8、under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ic

9、eland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de St

10、assart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1926:2006: EEN 1926:2006 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Principle4 4 Terms and Definitions .4 5 Symbols 4 6 Apparatus

11、 .5 7 Preparation of specimens.5 7.1 Sampling.5 7.2 Test specimens5 7.3 Surface preparation.5 7.3.1 General5 7.3.2 Capping with mortar6 7.4 Conditioning of specimen before testing6 8 Procedure .6 8.1 Measuring the specimen.6 8.2 Placing the specimen in the testing machine.6 8.3 Loading .6 9 Expressi

12、on of results 6 10 Test report 7 Annex A (normative) Determination of the compressive strength of armourstone .9 A.1 Scope 9 A.2 Normative references 9 A.3 Principle9 A.4 Definitions and symbols .9 A.5 Apparatus .9 A.6 Preparation of specimens.9 A.6.1 Sampling.9 A.6.2 Test specimens9 A.6.3 Surface p

13、reparation.10 A.6.4 Conditioning of specimen before testing10 A.7 Procedure .10 A.8 Expression of results 10 A.9 Test report 10 Annex B (informative) Determination of the point load strength index of natural stone.12 B.1 General12 B.2 Background12 B.3 Correlation data .12 Annex C (normative) Statist

14、ical evaluation of the results.13 C.1 Scope 13 C.2 Symbols and definitions .13 C.3 Statistical evaluation of test results 14 Annex D (informative) Bibliografy related to Annex B.16 Bibliography 17 EN 1926:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1926:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/T

15、C 246 “Natural stones”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by J

16、une 2007. This document supersedes EN 1926:1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gre

17、ece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 1926:2006 (E) 4 1 Scope This European standard specifies a method for determining the uniaxial compressiv

18、e strength of natural stones. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appli

19、es. EN 197-1, Cement Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 12390 (all parts), Testing hardened concrete EN 12670:2001 Natural stone - Terminology EN 13383-1:2002, Armourstone - Part 1: Specification 3 Principle The specimens, after mechanical preparation o

20、f surfaces or, if needed, after capping, are laid and centred on the plate of a testing machine. A uniformly distributed load is applied and increased continuously until failure occurs. 4 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12670:2001 apply.

21、 5 Symbols h height of the specimen, in millimetres; l mean value of the lateral dimension, i.e. the distance between opposite vertical faces of the specimen (if cubic), in millimetres; d mean value of the diameter of the specimen (if cylindrical), in millimetres; A cross-sectional area of the speci

22、men before testing, in square millimetres; F failure load, in Newtons; R uniaxial compressive strength of the specimen, in Megapascals; R mean value of the uniaxial compressive strength, in Megapascals; s standard deviation; v coefficient of variation. EN 1926:2006 (E) 5 6 Apparatus 6.1 A surface gr

23、inder. 6.2 A lapping machine if final preparation of the specimens is needed. 6.3 A test machine of appropriated force, in accordance with EN 12390 and calibrated according to this standard. 6.4 A time counter accurate to 1 s. 6.5 A ventilated oven which can maintain a temperature of (70 5) C. 6.6 A

24、 weighing instrument which has an accuracy of 0,1 g. 6.7 A linear measuring device with an accuracy of 0,05 mm. 6.8 Air conditioned room with a temperature of (20 10) C. 7 Preparation of specimens 7.1 Sampling The sampling is not the responsibility of the testing laboratory, unless specially request

25、ed. At least 10 specimens are to be tested and the direction of any existing plane of anisotropy recorded. 7.2 Test specimens Test specimens shall be cubes with (70 5) mm or (50 5) mm edges or right circular cylinders whose diameter and height are equal to (70 5) mm or (50 5) mm. The lateral dimensi

26、on or the diameter of the specimen shall be related to the size of the largest grain in the rock by the ratio of at least 10:1. If the maximum observed dimension of the grains exceeds 7 mm, it is recommended to have a larger number of specimens in order to obtain representative results. The axis of

27、the specimen shall be normal to the planes of anisotropy, e.g. bedding planes, foliation, etc. (figure 1a and 2a). If a test with orientation of loading parallel to the planes of anisotropy is required, another set of specimens with the same dimensional characteristics shall be prepared (Figure 1b a

28、nd 2b). 7.3 Surface preparation 7.3.1 General The faces to which the load is to be applied shall be flat to a tolerance of 0,1 mm in any 100 mm and such that the top surface lies between two parallel planes which are parallel to the bottom surface, and not greater than 1mm apart for every 100 mm The

29、 sides of the specimen shall be smooth and free of abrupt irregularities and straight to within 0,3 mm over the full length of the specimen. To meet the above requirements the specimens shall be finished on either a lathe or surface grinder, with final preparation on a lapping machine if needed. Cap

30、ping with mortar according to the procedures indicated in 7.3.2 is to be used only if the indicated tolerances are not obtainable with the prescribed mechanical preparation. This condition shall be clearly indicated in the test report. EN 1926:2006 (E) 6 7.3.2 Capping with mortar It is possible to c

31、ap the specimen using a mortar made with cement CEM I 52,5 R according to EN 197-1 and then waiting until the cement has hardened. 7.4 Conditioning of specimen before testing Specimens, whether capped or uncapped, shall be dried at (70 5) C to constant mass. This is assumed to have been attained whe

32、n the difference between two weighings at an interval of (24 2) h is not greater than 0,1% of the mass of the specimen. After drying and prior to testing the specimens shall be stored at (20 5) C until the thermal equilibrium is reached. After that, the tests shall be performed within 24 h. 8 Proced

33、ure 8.1 Measuring the specimen The cross-sectional dimensions of the test specimen (lateral dimension for cubic diameter for cylindrical test specimens) shall be measured to the nearest 0,1 mm by averaging two measures taken at right angles to each other at about the upper-height and two about the l

34、ower-height h of the specimen. The average lateral dimension l or the average diameter d shall be used for calculating the cross-sectional area. The height of the specimen shall be determined to the nearest 1,0 mm. 8.2 Placing the specimen in the testing machine Wipe the bearing surfaces of the test

35、ing machine clean and remove any loose grit from the bed faces of the specimen. Align the specimen carefully with the centre of the ball-seated platen, so that a uniform seating is obtained. Do not use any packing material. 8.3 Loading Load on the specimen shall be applied continuously at a constant

36、 stress rate of (1 0,5) MPa/s. The maximum load on the specimen shall be recorded to the nearest 10kN. 9 Expression of results The uniaxial compressive strength R of each specimen is expressed by the ratio of the failure load of the specimen and its cross-sectional area before testing, by the equati

37、on: R =FA(1) The result shall be expressed in Megapascals with at least two significant figures. The mean value R shall be calculated to the nearest 1 MPa. EN 1926:2006 (E) 7 10 Test report The test report shall contain the following information: a) unique identification number for the report; b) nu

38、mber, title and date of issue of this European standard; c) name and address of the testing laboratory and the address where the test was carried out if different from the testing laboratory; d) name and address of the client; e) it is the responsibility of the client to supply the following informa

39、tion: petrographic name of the stone; commercial name of the stone; country and region of extraction; name of the supplier; direction of any existing plane of anisotropy (if relevant to the test), clearly indicated on the sample or on each specimen by means of two parallel lines; name of the person

40、or organization which carried out the sampling; surface finish of the specimens (if relevant to the test); f) date of delivery of the sample or of the specimens; g) date when the specimens were prepared (if relevant) and the date of testing; h) number of specimens in the sample; i) dimensions l (or

41、d ) and h in millimetres and the failure load F of each specimen, in kiloNewtons measured without any decimal place; j) surface preparation of the specimens and their conditioning before testing; k) orientation of the axis of loading with respect to the existing planes of anisotropy; l) compressive

42、strength R of each specimen, in Megapascals with at least two significant figures; m) mean value R of compressive strength, in Megapascals to the nearest 1 MPa; n) standard deviation s , in Megapascals to the nearest 1 MPa, and the variation coefficient v ; o) all deviations from the standard and th

43、eir justification; p) remarks. The test report shall contain the signature(s) and role(s) of the responsible(s) party(s) for testing and the issue date of the report. It shall also state that the report shall not be partially reproduced without written consent from the testing laboratory. EN 1926:20

44、06 (E) 8 Key a) load normal to the planes of anisotropy b) load parallel to the planes of anisotropy Figure 1 Cubic test specimens Key a) load normal to the planes of anisotropy b) load parallel to the planes of anisotropy Figure 2 Cylindrical test specimens EN 1926:2006 (E) 9 Annex A (normative) De

45、termination of the compressive strength of armourstone A.1 Scope This annex specifies the method for the determination of compressive strength of stones of different size and irregular shape, which are used in hydraulic protection and regulation structures. The term armourstone is used for such mate

46、rials. A.2 Normative references See clause 2. A.3 Principle See clause 3. For materials to be used as armourstone, specimens shall be tested in a condition indicating their strength in water and in their weakest orientation with respect to any existing plane of anisotropy. A.4 Definitions and symbol

47、s See clauses 4 and 5. A.5 Apparatus See clause 6. A.6 Preparation of specimens A.6.1 Sampling The sample shall be taken in accordance with annex A of EN 13383-1:2002. A.6.2 Test specimens Each specimen shall be prepared from a separate piece of armourstone. Test specimens shall be cubes with (50 5)

48、 mm edges or right circular cylinders whose diameter and height are equal to (50 5) mm. For the pieces of armourstone whose compressive strength is lower than or equal to 40 MPa, the use of cubes with (70 7) mm edges or right circular cylinders whose diameter and heigth are equal to (70 7) mm are al

49、lowed. The lateral dimension or the diameter of the specimen should be related to the size of the largest grain in a representative piece of the material by a ratio of at least 10:1. For coarse-grained material, cubes or cylinders having an edge or diameter no greater than 150 mm are admitted. In this case, the maximum dimensions of the grains shall be indicated in the test report. EN 1926:2006 (E) 10 The axis of the specimen shall be parallel to the planes of anisotropy, e.g. bedding planes, foliations, etc. If