EN 1915-3-2004 en Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 3 Vibration measurement methods and reduction (Incorporates Amendment A1 2009)《飞行器地面支持设备 一般要求 振动的测.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 1915-3:2004 Aircraft ground support equipment General requirements Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction ICS 17.060; 49.100 +A1:2009 BS EN 1915-3:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Co

2、mmittee on 4 November 2004 BSI 2009 National foreword The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/57, Air cargo and ground support equipment. +A1 2009 : The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicat

3、ing changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by . ab It supersedes BS EN 1915-3: which is withdrawn. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does n

4、ot purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments 31 May 2009 Implementation of CEN amendm

5、ent A1:2009 ISBN 978 0 580 61067 7 This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009. 2004 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1915-3:2004+A1 March 2009 ICS 49.100 Supersedes EN 1915-3:2004 English Version Aircraft ground support equipment - General requiremen

6、ts - Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction Matriel au sol pour aronefs - Exigences gnrales - Partie 3: Vibrations, rduction et mthodes de mesure Luftfahrt-Bodengerte - Allgemeine Anforderungen - Teil 3: Schwingungsmessverfahren und -minderung This European Standard was approved by CEN

7、on 12 August 2004 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 15 February 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bi

8、bliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibili

9、ty of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,

10、Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marn

11、ix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009: EEN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5

12、 4 Vibration reduction 6 5 Quantities to be measured 6 6 Instrumentation 7 6.1 General 7 6.2 Transducers . 7 6.3 Frequency weighting . 7 6.4 Integration time 7 6.5 Speed 7 7 Measurement location . 7 8 Set up and equipment . 8 8.1 Test track 8 8.2 Equipment and condition of the GSE 10 8.3 Drivers . 1

13、0 8.4 Environmental parameter . 10 9 Measurement procedure and validity 11 9.1 Speed 11 9.2 Test procedure . 11 9.3 Validity of test 11 9.4 Coefficient of variation 11 9.5 Reported vibration values . 12 10 Items to be included in the test report 12 11 Declaration of vibration emission values 13 12 V

14、erification of vibration emission values 13 13 Instructions and technical documentation . 13 Annex A (informative) Guidance for reporting vibration data . 14 A.1 General 14 A.2 Standing driver . 14 A.3 Seated driver 14 Annex ZA (informative) ! ! ! !Relationship between this European Standard and the

15、 Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC“ “ “ “ . 15 Annex ZB (informative) ! ! ! !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“ “ “ “ . 16 Bibliography 17 BS EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (E

16、N 1915-3:2004+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 274 “Aircraft ground support equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the lates

17、t by September 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the lat- est by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-02-15. This document supersedes EN 1915-3:2004. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the

18、 text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral pa

19、rts of this doc- ument.“ EN 1915 “Aircraft ground support equipment General requirements” consists of: Part 1: Basic safety requirements Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction Part 4: Noise measurement methods an

20、d reduction A further European Standard (EN 12312) in several parts covering specific requirements for different aircraft ground support equipment is in preparation. The parts of EN 12312 “Aircraft ground support equipment Specific requirements” are: Part 1: Passenger stairs Part 2: Catering vehicle

21、s Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment Part 7: Aircraft movement equipment Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer tra

22、nsporters Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers Part 12: Potable water service equipment Part 13: Lavatory service equipment Part 14: Disabled/Incapacitated passenger boarding equipment Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors Part 16: Air start equipment Part 17: Air conditioning

23、 equipment Part 18: Nitrogen or Oxygen units Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions Part 20: Ground power equipment According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following coun- tries are bound to implement this European Sta

24、ndard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Den- mark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

25、BS EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (E) 4 Introduction The aim of this European Standard is to deal with vibration as a hazard and to provide methods for the measure- ment and reduction of vibration emission transmitted to the whole body of drivers of GSE, when driving. For deter- mining

26、 whole body vibrations under stationary operating conditions and hand-arm vibrations EN 1032:2003 is used. It is intended that the results obtained can also be used to compare GSE of the same category or a given GSE when equipped with different seats or tyres, etc. Fitting different seats, changing

27、the tyre specification, etc. can lead to different vibration values. Due to the specific operation of GSE, however, EN 1032:2003 cannot be applied directly for whole body vibration under driving condi- tions, and therefore, the preparation of this European Standard for GSE has become necessary. This

28、 European Standard cannot be used for field measurements to determine the daily exposure of the driver to vibration. This European Standard is a Type C standard as stated in !EN ISO 12100“. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indi-

29、 cated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the pro- visions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built accord

30、ing to the provisions of this type C standard. BS EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope !This European Standard deals with whole body vibration as a significant hazard.“ It also specifies the methods for determining the vibration emission transmitted to the whole body of drivers

31、 standing and/or seated on freely moveable GSE, when driving for purposes of type evaluation, declaration and methods of verifying vibration emission. The test results are not applicable to the determination of whole body vibration exposure of persons. !This European Standard is intended to be used

32、in conjunction with the other parts of EN 1915, and with the relevant part of EN 12312.“ 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition

33、of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1032:2003, Mechanical vibration Testing of mobile machinery in order to determine the vibration emission value !deleted text“ EN 1915-1:2001, Aircraft ground support equipment General requirements Part 1: Basic safety requirements EN

34、12096:1997, Mechanical vibration Declaration and verification of vibration emission values !EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic termi- nology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts

35、, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical prin- ciples (ISO 12100-2:2003)“ ISO 2041:1990, Vibration and shock Vocabulary ISO 5805:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions giv

36、en in !EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and EN ISO 12100-2:2003“, EN 1915-1:2001, ISO 2041:1990 and ISO 5805:1997 and the following apply. 3.1 wheel diameter arithmetic mean of each of the outside diameters of the load bearing wheels e.g.: if the first wheel of the GSE has the diameter D 1 , the second wheel dia

37、meter D 2etc., the wheel mean diameter equals n D D D n + + + . 2 1where n is the total number of wheels NOTE The outside diameter D, is the maximum in service diameter specified by the tyres manufacturer. BS EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (E) 6 3.2 seat pan seat surface on which the d

38、river is seated 4 Vibration reduction Vibration emission is a significant hazard, which shall be reduced to the lowest level taking into account the techni- cal progress and the available technical measures for vibration control. The main source causing whole body vibration is the interaction betwee

39、n the machine and the surface of the ground. Measures for reducing the vibrations can be: pneumatic instead of solid tyres; suspension; vibration isolated cabin; suspension seat; shock absorbers. After taking at design and manufacturing all possible general technical measures for vibration reduction

40、 the instruc- tion handbook shall, when appropriate, identify any additional vibration reduction measures, which can be taken by the user. Furthermore, it shall, where appropriate, recommend organisational measures such as the use of low- vibration operating modes, and/or limited time of operation.

41、5 Quantities to be measured The quantities to be measured are as follows: a) The root mean square (r.m.s.) acceleration ) ( wz a of whole body vertical frequency weighted vibration in accordance with EN 1032:2003. Measurements shall be made in the vertical (z) direction. If there are substantial vib

42、ration components as defined in EN 1032:2003, Clause 6 in the horizontal directions, the summation a wshall be measured, calculated and declared according to EN 1032:2003. Standing driver wzF a Mean value of n root-mean-square frequency weighted vertical acceleration values of a valid test series me

43、asured on the floor of the driving position with one standing driver. Seated driver wzS a Average of acceleration mean values obtained for each of the two drivers for a valid test series measured on the seat base under the seated driver. NOTE 1 The symbols F and S designate “Floor” and “Seat”; b) Th

44、e mean GSE speed when travelling on the test track. This may be determined from the time taken to drive along the test track or by means of the measuring instruments specified in 6.5; BS EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (E) 7 c) Pneumatic tyre pressures (see also 8.2.2); d) Ambient air t

45、emperature. NOTE 2 If a standard vehicle is used for the GSE, and declaration data for vibration are given by the manufacturer, these values may form the basis for the vibration declaration for the GSE provided that the application of the standard chassis to the use as airport GSE does not imply cha

46、nges in design or construction which affect the vibration characteristics. 6 Instrumentation 6.1 General The specifications for the instrumentation given in EN 1032:2003 apply. 6.2 Transducers General requirements for mounting of vibration transducers are given in 7.2 of EN 1032:2003. On a seat pan,

47、 the transducer shall be mounted in a semi rigid disc as described in 7.2 of EN 1032:2003. On the floor, the transducer shall be firmly fixed to rigid parts of the GSE, e.g. by means of a magnet or adhesive, etc. NOTE In the case of stand on GSE, it is convenient to mount the transducers on a light

48、rigid plate upon which the driver can place both feet. 6.3 Frequency weighting Frequency weighting and band limiting characteristics shall be in accordance with 7.3 of EN 1032:2003. 6.4 Integration time For each run, the r.m.s. acceleration shall be a linearly integrated average over one complete test run (see 9.2). 6.5 Speed The speed on the test track shall be measured using instruments measuring the average speed with an accuracy of 5 %. 7 Measurement location Where the exposed persons are sitting, the transducer mounted in a semi rigid disc shall be placed on the