EN 13432-2000 en Packaging - Requirements for Packaging Recoverable Through Composting and Biodegradation - Test Scheme and Evaluation Criteria for the Final Acceptance of Packagin.pdf

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1、STDmBSI BS EN 13432-ENGL 2000 1b24bb9 0885043 470 6 BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13432:2000 Packaging - Requirements for packaging re cover able through composting and biodegradation - Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging I 1 The European Standard EN 13432:2000 has the

2、 status of a British Standard ICs 13.030.50,55.040 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW STD-BSI BS EN L343Z-ENGL 2000 m lb24bb 0885044 307 BS EN 134322000 been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Senices Sector Committee, was published under th

3、e authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 December 2000 Amd No. O BSI 12-2000 ISBN O 580 36765 7 National foreword Date Comments This British Standard is the official Engiish language version of EN 134322000. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical

4、 Committee PKW/4, Packaging and the environment, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the - monitor related international and European developments and promulgate interpretation, or proposals for cha

5、nge, and keep the UK interests informed; them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the B

6、SI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include ail the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are respo

7、nsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN titie page, pages 2 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyrigh

8、t notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. STDeBSI BS EN 13432-ENGL 2000 I 1b24bb9 0885045 243 m EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13432 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM September 2000 ICs 13.030.99; 55.020 English version Packaging - Requirements for packaging recoverable th

9、rough composting and biodegradation - Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging Emballage - Exigences relatives aux emballages valorisables par compostage et biodgradation - Programme dessai et critres dvaluation de lacceptation finale des emballages Verpackung - Anfo

10、rderungen an die Verwertung von Verpackungen durch Kompostierung und biologischen Abbau - Prfschema und Bewerungskriterien fr die Einstufung von Verpackungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 June 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stip

11、ulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard e

12、xists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibiliy of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards b

13、odies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMU

14、NG Centrai Secretariat: rue de Stassari, 36 8-1050 Brussels Q 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13432:2000 E STD-BSI BS EN 13432-ENGL 2000 1624669 0885046 LBT II Page 2 EN 13432:2000 Contents Foreword 3 Introduct

15、ion . 4 1 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.5 5 6 7 8 8.1 8.2 Scope 5 Normative references 5 Terms and definitions 5 Requirements . 6 Control of constituents . 6 Assessment 7 General 7 Characterization . 7 Biodegradability . 7 Disintegration . 7 Comp

16、ost quality . 7 Recognizability . 7 Exemptions . 7 Equivalent form 7 Materials of natural origin . 8 Recording of assessment outcome . 8 Check list 8 Supporting documentation . 8 Application 8 Organization of a test scheme 8 Laboratory tests on biodegradability 9 Determination of disintegration 9 Qu

17、ality of the final compost 10 Rationale . 10 Determination of negative effect 10 Annex A (normative) Evaluation criteria 11 Annex B (informative) Flow chart of evaluation of organic recoverability of packaging 13 Annex C (informative) Recommended format for a conformity assessment checklist 18 Annex

18、 D (informative) Prerequisites and quality of compost for evaluating composting of packaging 19 Annex E (normative) Determination of ecotoxic effects to higher plants 20 Annex 2 (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions . 21 Bibliography 22

19、 STD-BSI BS EN L3432-ENGL 2000 R Lb24669 0885047 OLb 111 Page 3 EN 13432:2000 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENiTC 261 “Packaging“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Europ

20、ean Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive), see informative Annex Z, which is an integral part of this standard. This standard forms one of a series of standards and reports prepared under Mandat

21、e M 200 rev.3 given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to support the European Council and Parliament Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste 94/62/EC. The procedure for applying this standard in conjunction with the other mandated standards and reports is s

22、pecified in EN 13427. This standard contains Annexes A and E which are normative and Annexes 9, C, D and Z which are informative This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2001, and con

23、flicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2001. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Ger

24、many, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. STDWBSI BS EN L3432-ENGL 2000 ltb24669 0555048 T52 W Page 4 EN 13432:ZOOO Introduction The Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste (94/62/EC) defines requirements f

25、or packaging to be considered recoverable. This standard amplifies these requirements with respect to organic recovery. The European Standard EN 13427:2000 provides a framework within which this and four other standards may be used together to support a claim that a packaging is in compliance with t

26、he essential requirements for packaging to be placed on the market as required by the Directive. The purpose of packaging is the containment, protection, handling, delivery and presentation of products. Organic recovery of used packaging is one of several recovery options within the overall life cyc

27、le of packaging. In order to save resources and minimise waste, the whole system in which the packaging takes part should be optimised. This includes prevention as well as reuse and recovery of packaging waste. This European Standard presents a framework for self-assessment to determine whether the

28、requirements of this standard have been met. Its approach is similar to that of systems standards such as the EN IS0 9000 and EN IS0 14000 series. Organic recovery of packaging and packaging materials, which includes aerobic composting and anaerobic biogasification of packaging in municipal or indus

29、trial biological waste treatment facilities is an option for reducing and recycling packaging waste. Using these biological technologies, the aims of the Directive 94/62/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on Packaging and Packaging Waste (Brussels 5 December 1994) in this respect can b

30、e met. STD.BSI BS EN 13432-ENGL 2000 1624669 0885044 999 Page 5 EN 13432:2000 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and procedures to determine the compostability and anaerobic treatability of packaging and packaging materials by addressing four characteristics : 1) biodegradability,

31、 2) disintegration during biological treatment, 3) effect on the biological treatment process and 4) effect on the quality of the resulting compost. In case of a packaging formed by different components, some of which are compostable and some other not, the packaging itself, as a whole is not compos

32、table. However, if the components can be easily separated by hand before disposal, the compostable components can be effectively considered and treated as such, once separated from the non compostable components. This European Standard covers the compostability of packaging itself but does not addre

33、ss regulations that may exist regarding the compostability of any residual contents. This European Standard makes provision for obtaining information on the processing of packaging in controlled waste treatment plants but does not take into account packaging waste which may end up in the environment

34、, through uncontrolled means, .e. as litter. The essential relationship between this European Standard and the four other (mandated) European Packaging Standards and one (mandated) CEN Report is specified in EN 13427:2000. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undate

35、d reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when in

36、corporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 131 93:2000, Packaging - Packaging and the environment - Terminology. EN 13427:2000, Packaging and the environment - Requirements for the use of European standards in the f

37、ield of packaging and packaging waste. .IS0 14851 : 1999, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer. IS0 14852 : 1999, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of pla

38、stic materials in an aqueous medium - Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide. IS0 14855 : 1999, Determination of the ultimafe aerobic biodegradability and disintegration of plastic materials under controlled composting conditions - Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide 3 Terms and defin

39、itions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions and those given in EN 13193:2000 and EN 13427:2000 apply : 3.1 constituent of a packaging material all pure chemical materials and substances of which a packaging material is composed STD-BSI BS EN 13432-ENGL 2000 D Lb2rib

40、b7 0885050 600 Page 6 EN 13432:2000 3.2 packaging component part of packaging that can be separated by hand or by using simple physical means 3.3 disintegration the physical falling apart into very small fragments of packaging and packaging materials 3.4 ultimate biodegradability breakdown of an org

41、anic chemical compound by micro-organisms in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, water and mineral salts of any other elements present (mineralization) and new biomass or in the absence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, methane, mineral salts and new biomass 3.5 total dry solids amount of solids ob

42、tained by taking a known amount of test material or compost and drying at about 105 OC to constant weight 3.6 volatile solids amount of solids obtained by subtracting the residues of a known amount of test material or compost after incineration at about 550 OC from the total dry solids content of th

43、e same sample. The volatile solids content is an indication of the amount of organic matter. 4 Requirements 4.1 Control of constituents Constituents known to be, or expected to become, harmful to the environment during the biological treatment process (see clause 8), in excess of the limits given in

44、 Annex A.l, shall not be deliberately introduced into packaging or packaging materials intended to be designated as suitable for organic recovery. STD-BSI BS EN L3432-ENGL 2000 Lb24bb9 0885053 547 D Page 7 EN 13432:2000 4.2 Assessment 4.2.1 General Except as identified in clause 4.3, assessment of t

45、he biological treatability of packagings and packaging components shall include the following 5 assessment procedures as a minimum : - characterization (see 4.2.2) ; - biodegradability (see 4.2.3) ; - disintegration including effects on the biological treatment process (see 4.2.4) ; - compost qualit

46、y (see 4.2.5) ; - recognizability (see 4.2.6). 4.2.2 Characterization Each packaging material under investigation shall be identified and characterized prior to testing including at least : - information on, and identification of, the constituents of the packaging materials ; - determination of the

47、presence of hazardous substances, e.g. heavy metals ; - determination of the organic carbon content, total dry solids and volatile solids of the packaging material used for biodegradation and disintegration tests. NOTE total absence is not possible. in addition to the chemical characteristics for vo

48、latile solids, pass levels for heavy metals are also provided as their 4.2.3 Biodegradability To be designated as organically recoverable, each packaging, packaging material or packaging component shall be inherently and ultimately biodegradable as demonstrated in laboratory tests (clause 6) and to

49、the criteria and pass levels given in Annex A.2. 4.2.4 Disintegration To be designated as organically recoverable, each packaging, packaging material or packaging component shall disintegrate in a biological waste treatment process (see clause 7) to the criteria and pass levels given in Annex A.3, without any observable negative effect on the process. 4.2.5 Compost quality To be designated as organically recoverable, no packaging or packaging component thereof, submitted to a biological waste treatment process, shall be recorded as having a negative effect o