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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13306:2010Maintenance MaintenanceterminologyBS EN 13306:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13306:2010. Itsupersedes

2、BS EN 13306:2001 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee DS/1, Dependability and terotechnology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the

3、 necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 64184 8ICS 01.040.03; 03.080.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy a

4、nd Strategy Committee on 30 November 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 13306:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13306 August 2010 ICS 01.040.03; 03.080.10 Supersedes EN 13306:2001English Version Maintenance - Maintenance terminology Maintenance - T

5、erminologie de la maintenance Instandhaltung - Begriffe der Instandhaltung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 July 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national st

6、andard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any oth

7、er language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark

8、, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIO

9、N EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13306:2010: EBS EN 13306:2010EN 13306:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Sc

10、ope 52 Fundamental terms 53 Item related terms 64 Properties of items 75 Failures and events .96 Faults and states. 117 Maintenance types 128 Maintenance activities 149 Time related terms 1610 Maintenance support and tools . 1811 Economic and technical factors 18Annex A (informative) Maintenance Ove

11、rall view 20Annex B (informative) States of an item 21Annex C (informative) Times . 22Annex D (informative) Maintenance times . 23Annex E (informative) Criticality matrix . 24Annex F (informative) Identification of significant technical changes between this standard and the previous edition (EN 1330

12、6:2001) . 25Bibliography . 26Index 27BS EN 13306:2010EN 13306:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13306:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 319 “Maintenance”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either

13、by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/o

14、r CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13306:2001. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Be

15、lgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1

16、3306:2010EN 13306:2010 (E) 4 Introduction The purpose of this European Standard is to define the generic terms used for all types of maintenance and maintenance management irrespective of the type of item considered. Maintenance of software only is not covered in this standard. However, maintenance

17、of items and systems containing software is considered. It is the responsibility of any maintenance management to define its maintenance strategy according to the following main objectives: to ensure the availability of the item to function as required, at optimum costs; to consider the safety and a

18、ny other mandatory requirements associated with the item; to consider any impact on the environment; to uphold the durability of the item and/or the quality of the product or service provided considering costs where necessary. As a part of the requirement of CEN/TC 319 it was necessary to produce a

19、comprehensive structured generic maintenance vocabulary standard containing the main terms and their definitions. Maintenance provides an essential contribution to the dependability of an item. Correct and formal definitions are required which will give the user of associated maintenance standards a

20、 fuller understanding of the maintenance terms used. These terms may be of particular importance in the formulation of maintenance contracts. The terms contained in this standard indicate that maintenance is not confined to the technical actions alone but includes other activities such as planning,

21、documentation handling, etc. The standard IEC 60050-191 has been used as a basis for the preparation of this standard but some terms have been modified. Not all terms specified in IEC 60050-191 are included in this European Standard. Readers are referred to this IEC standard for further definitions.

22、 BS EN 13306:2010EN 13306:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies generic terms and definitions for the technical, administrative and managerial areas of maintenance. It may not be applicable to terms which are used for the maintenance of software only. 2 Fundamental terms 2.1 maintenanc

23、e combination of all technical, administrative and managerial actions during the life cycle of an item intended to retain it in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform the required function NOTE See also the definitions of improvement and modification. 2.2 maintenance management all activ

24、ities of the management that determine the maintenance objectives, strategies and responsibilities, and implementation of them by such means as maintenance planning, maintenance control, and the improvement of maintenance activities and economics 2.3 maintenance objective target assigned and accepte

25、d for the maintenance activities NOTE These targets may include for example availability, cost reduction, product quality, environment preservation, safety, asset value preservation. 2.4 maintenance strategy management method used in order to achieve the maintenance objectives NOTE Examples could be

26、 outsourcing of maintenance, allocation of resources, etc. 2.5 maintenance plan structured and documented set of tasks that include the activities, procedures, resources and the time scale required to carry out maintenance 2.6 required function function, combination of functions, or a total combinat

27、ion of functions of an item which are considered necessary to provide a given service NOTE 1 To provide a given service may also include asset value preservation. NOTE 2 The given service may be expressed or implied and may in some cases be below the original design specifications. 2.7 dependability

28、 ability to perform as and when required NOTE 1 Dependability characteristics include availability and its influencing factors (reliability, recoverability, maintainability, maintenance support performance) and, in some cases, durability, economics, integrity, safety, security and conditions of use.

29、 BS EN 13306:2010EN 13306:2010 (E) 6 NOTE 2 Dependability is used descriptively as an umbrella term for the time-related quality characteristics of a product or service. 2.8 maintenance supportability maintenance support performance ability of a maintenance organization to have the correct maintenan

30、ce support at the necessary place to perform the required maintenance activity when required 2.9 operation combination of all technical, administrative and managerial actions, other than maintenance actions, that results in the item being in use NOTE Maintenance actions carried out by operators are

31、not included in operation. 3 Item related terms 3.1 item part, component, device, subsystem, functional unit, equipment or system that can be individually described and considered NOTE 1 A number of items e.g. a population of items, or a sample, may itself be considered as an item. NOTE 2 An item ma

32、y consist of hardware, software or both. NOTE 3 Software consists of programs, procedures, rules, documentation and data of an information processing system. 3.2 asset (physical) item formally accountable 3.3 repairable item item which may be restored under given conditions, and after a failure to a

33、 state in which it can perform a required function NOTE The given conditions may be economical, ecological, technical and/or others. 3.4 consumable item item or material which is expendable, may be regularly replaced and generally is not item specific NOTE Generally, consumable items are relatively

34、low cost compared to the item itself. 3.5 spare part item intended to replace a corresponding item in order to retain or maintain the original required function of the item NOTE 1 The original item may be subsequently repaired. NOTE 2 In English, any item that is dedicated and/or exchangeable for a

35、specific item is often referred to as replacement item. BS EN 13306:2010EN 13306:2010 (E) 7 3.6 insurance spare part spare part which is not normally needed during the useful life of the item but whose unavailability would involve an unacceptable downtime due to its provisioning NOTE If the spare pa

36、rt is expensive then for accountancy purposes such a part may be considered as a capital asset. 3.7 indenture level level of sub-division within an item hierarchy NOTE 1 Examples of indenture levels are: system, subsystem and component. NOTE 2 From the maintenance perspective, the indenture level de

37、pends on the complexity of the items construction, the accessibility to sub-items, skill level of maintenance personnel, test equipment facilities, safety considerations, etc. 4 Properties of items 4.1 availability ability to be in a state to perform as and when required, under given conditions, ass

38、uming that the necessary external resources are provided NOTE 1 This ability depends on the combined aspects of the reliability, maintainability and recoverability of the item and the maintenance supportability. NOTE 2 Required external resources, other than maintenance resources, do not affect the

39、availability of the item although the item may not be available from the users viewpoint. NOTE 3 Availability may be quantified using appropriate measures or indicators and is then referred to as availability performance. 4.2 reliability ability of an item to perform a required function under given

40、conditions for a given time interval NOTE 1 It is assumed that the item is in a state to performed as required at the beginning of the time interval. NOTE 2 Reliability may be quantified as a probability or performance indicators by using appropriate measures and is then referred to as reliability p

41、erformance. NOTE 3 In some cases a given number of unit of use can be considered instead of a given time interval (number of cycles, number of running hours, number of kilometres, etc.). 4.3 intrinsic reliability inherent reliability reliability of an item determined by design and manufacture 4.4 ma

42、intainability ability of an item under given conditions of use, to be retained in, or restored to, a state in which it can perform a required function, when maintenance is performed under given conditions and using stated procedures and resources NOTE Maintainability may be quantified using appropri

43、ate measures or indicators and is then referred to as maintainability performance. BS EN 13306:2010EN 13306:2010 (E) 8 4.5 intrinsic maintainability inherent maintainability maintainability of an item determined by the original design 4.6 conformity fulfilment of a requirement 4.7 durability ability

44、 of an item to perform a required function under given conditions of use and maintenance, until a limiting state is reached NOTE 1 A limiting state of an item may be characterized by the end of the useful life. NOTE 2 The limiting state may be redefined by changes in conditions of use. 4.8 redundanc

45、y in an item, existence of more than one means for performing a required function when needed 4.9 active redundancy redundancy wherein more than one means for performing a required function are operating simultaneously 4.10 standby redundancy redundancy wherein an alternative means for performing th

46、e particular function is only activated when the active means is unavailable NOTE Standby redundancy is often referred to as passive redundancy 4.11 useful life time interval from a given instant until the instant when a limiting state is reached NOTE The limiting state may be a function of failure

47、rate, maintenance support requirement, physical condition, economics, age, obsolescence, changes in the users requirements or other relevant factors. 4.12 mean failure rate number of failures of an item in a given time interval divided by the time interval NOTE In some cases unit of time can be repl

48、aced by units of use. 4.13 life cycle series of stages through which an item goes, from its conception to disposal 4.14 obsolescence (for maintenance purposes) inability of an item to be maintained due to the unavailability on the market of the necessary resources at acceptable technical and/or econ

49、omic conditions NOTE 1 The necessary resources can be: one (or more) sub-item needed to restore the item; BS EN 13306:2010EN 13306:2010 (E) 9 tools or monitoring or testing devices; documentary resources; skills; etc. NOTE 2 The unavailability of the resources can be due to: technological development; market situation; absence of supplier; regulations. 5 Failures and events 5.1 failure termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function NOTE 1 After failure the item