EN 12513-2011 en Founding - Abrasion resistant cast irons《铸造 耐磨铸铁》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12513:2011Founding Abrasion resistantcast ironsBS EN 12513:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12513:2011. It superse

2、des BS EN 12513:2000, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/111, Steel Castings and Forgings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include al

3、l the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 63855 8 ICS 77.080.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy

4、and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 12513:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12513 February 2011 ICS 77.080.10 Supersedes EN 12513:2000English Version Founding - Abrasion resistant cast irons Fonderie - Fo

5、ntes rsistant lusure par abrasion Gieereiwesen - Verschleibestndige Gusseisen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 January 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a natio

6、nal standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A vers

7、ion in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, C

8、zech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT E

9、UROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12513:2011: EBS EN 12513:2011EN 12513:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Forewor

10、d 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Designation 65 Order information 66 Manufacture 66.1 General 66.2 Heat treatment 67 Requirements .77.1 Chemical composition 77.2 Brinell hardness .77.3 Microstructure 78 Sampling .78.1 Frequency of sampling for chemical a

11、nalysis 78.2 Number and frequency of Brinell hardness tests 79 Test methods 89.1 Chemical analysis 89.2 Hardness test .89.3 Microstructure examination 810 Retests 910.1 Need for retests 910.2 Test validity 910.3 Nonconforming test results 910.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings .9Annex A (infor

12、mative) Heat treatment of abrasion resistant cast irons . 12Annex B (informative) Conversion between Brinell, Vickers and Rockwell C hardness 15Annex C (informative) Relationship between relevant wall thickness and chemical composition for nickel-chromium cast irons . 16Annex D (informative) Typical

13、 microstructures of abrasion resistant cast irons 17Annex E (informative) Comparison of abrasion resistant cast iron material designations according to EN 1560 and ISO/TR 15931 18Annex F (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and its previous edition 19Bibliograph

14、y . 20BS EN 12513:2011EN 12513:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12513:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an ide

15、ntical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held

16、responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12513:2000. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 8 “High alloyed cast iron“ to revise EN 12513:2000. Annexes A, B, C, D and E are informative. Annex F provides infor

17、mation about significant technical changes between this European standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, C

18、yprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 12513:2011EN 12513:2011 (E) 4 In

19、troduction This European Standard deals with the classification of abrasion resistant white cast irons in accordance with their chemical composition and hardness. Such cast irons are widely used in the mining, earth moving, milling and manufacturing industries where high resistance to abrading miner

20、als and other abrading solids is required. The abrasion resistance of these cast irons depends on them having the appropriate structure and hardness for the application. These properties are obtained by careful control of the material composition and the processing route. In this edition of EN 12513

21、, the designation by symbol is based on Brinell hardness instead of Vickers hardness, because it corresponds better with the measurement method applied in practice. In this European Standard a new designation system by number, as established in EN 1560, is given. NOTE This designation system by numb

22、er is based on the structure and rules of EN 10027-2 and so corresponds with the European numbering system for steel and other materials. BS EN 12513:2011EN 12513:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard defines the grades of abrasion resistant white cast irons. It specifies the grades in terms of:

23、 chemical composition; hardness. The types of abrasion resistant white cast irons covered by this standard are: a) unalloyed or low alloy cast irons; b) nickel-chromium cast irons covering two general types: 4 % Ni 2 % Cr cast irons; 9 % Cr 5 % Ni cast irons; c) high chromium cast irons covering fou

24、r ranges of chromium content: 11 % Cr 14 %; 14 % Cr 18 %; 18 % Cr 23 %; 23 % Cr 30 %. This European Standard does not define the abrasion resistant grades of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are subject of EN 1564. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispe

25、nsable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2005) 3

26、 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 unalloyed or low alloy abrasion-resistant cast iron cast iron having a structure which consists of eutectic iron carbides in a predominantly pearlitic matrix 3.2 nickel-chromium abrasion-resistan

27、t cast iron cast iron having a structure consisting of either simple eutectic carbides M3C type (M = Fe, Cr) in a matrix which is predominantly martensitic, referred to as 4 % Ni 2 % Cr cast irons, BS EN 12513:2011EN 12513:2011 (E) 6 or complex eutectic carbides (M7C3and M3C) in a matrix which is pr

28、edominantly martensitic, referred to as 9 % Cr 5 % Ni cast irons. NOTE 1 Both of these materials can contain some bainite and retained austenite. NOTE 2 All these grades referred to in this sub-clause are free of pearlite. 3.3 high chromium abrasion resistant cast iron cast iron containing between 1

29、1 % and 30 % Cr having a structure consisting of complex carbides in a matrix which, in the hardened condition, is predominantly martensitic but which can also contain some austenite or other transformation products of austenite 3.4 relevant wall thickness wall thickness representative for the casti

30、ng, defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to which the mechanical properties apply 4 Designation The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number, in accordance with the designations given in Table 1 to Table 3. NOTE Comparison of EN 12513 grade designations to

31、the grades from the current ISO standard for abrasion resistant cast iron (ISO 21988) is given in Annex E. 5 Order information The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: a) the number of this European Standard (EN 12513); b) the designation of the material; c) any special requirem

32、ents which have to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of the acceptance of the order (see EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3). 6 Manufacture 6.1 General The manufacturing methods for abrasion-resistant cast irons, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, shall be left to

33、the discretion of the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall ensure that the requirements of this European Standard are met for the material grade specified in the order. 6.2 Heat treatment Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser castings can be supplied in one of the following conditions: as-cast

34、; BS EN 12513:2011EN 12513:2011 (E) 7 as-cast and stress relieved; hardened; hardened and stress relieved; soft annealed. When it is required to machine castings produced in the high chromium cast iron grades, they can be ordered in the soft annealed condition. When the purchaser specifies delivery

35、in the soft annealed condition any subsequent machining or heat treatment shall be the responsibility of the purchaser. NOTE Annex A gives guidance on the types of heat treatment which can be used to obtain the required hardness, structure and properties. 7 Requirements 7.1 Chemical composition The

36、chemical composition of the grades of abrasion-resistant cast iron shall be in accordance with Tables 1, 2 or 3. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the manufacturer shall choose the appropriate chemical composition to obtain the required properties of the casting. NOTE Unless otherwise spe

37、cified, other elements may be present, at the discretion of the manufacturer. 7.2 Brinell hardness The Brinell hardness of the grades of abrasion-resistant cast iron shall be in accordance with Tables 1, 2 or 3. 7.3 Microstructure Microstructure examination, if required, shall be agreed by the time

38、of acceptance of the order. Where a microstructure examination is agreed, the location for sampling, the methods used to examine the microstructure, and acceptance criteria shall be subject to that agreement. The microstructure examination shall be performed in accordance with 9.3. 8 Sampling 8.1 Fr

39、equency of sampling for chemical analysis Samples representative of the material shall be produced at a frequency in accordance with the process quality assurance procedures used by the manufacturer or as agreed with the purchaser. Samples for chemical analysis shall be cast in a manner which ensure

40、s that their representative chemical composition can be determined. 8.2 Number and frequency of Brinell hardness tests Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order, the number and frequency of Brinell hardness tests shall be in accordance with the process qualit

41、y assurance procedures used by the manufacturer. BS EN 12513:2011EN 12513:2011 (E) 8 In the absence of a process quality assurance procedure or any other agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, a minimum of one sample shall be produced to confirm the material grade, at a frequency to b

42、e agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the acceptance of the order. 9 Test methods 9.1 Chemical analysis The methods used to determine the chemical composition of the material shall be in accordance with validated methods. Any requirement for traceability shall be agreed

43、between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the acceptance of the order. The chemical analysis shall be carried out on a test sample made from the same melt as the castings the sample represents. NOTE Optical emission spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence techniques are acceptable method

44、s of analysis. 9.2 Hardness test 9.2.1 Brinell hardness test shall be carried out in accordance with EN ISO 6506-1, preferably using the 3 000 kgf load. Other hardness testing methods and corresponding hardness values can be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. NOTE Hardness determined

45、 by one test method is not necessarily comparable to hardness determined by other test methods. Conversions between Brinell, Vickers and Rockwell C hardness considered to be applicable to abrasion resistant cast irons are given in Annex B, for guidance only. 9.2.2 Each Brinell hardness test shall be

46、 carried out on a casting at locations agreed by the manufacturer and purchaser, or on a test block cast-on to the casting itself. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the dimensions and location of the cast-on block shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer. NOTE A cast-on test bl

47、ock can be used when the size of the casting or the number of castings to be tested makes direct testing on the castings impracticable. 9.2.3 If the test is to be carried out on a cast-on block the latter shall not be removed until after any required heat treatment has been carried out. 9.2.4 When c

48、astings are too large or too difficult to be tested in a conventional hardness testing machine or when there is need for on-line inspection of a large number of castings, a portable hardness testing device may be used. When using portable hardness testing devices, its accuracy shall be validated usi

49、ng a calibrated test block. The use of such devices shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the acceptance of the order. 9.3 Microstructure examination Microstructure examination shall be performed on a sample cut from a casting, or from a separately cast, side-by-side cast or cast-on sample. The sample shall have comparable solidification and cooling conditions as the critical sec