EN 12492-2012 en Mountaineering equipment - Helmets for mountaineers - Safety requirements and test methods《登山设备 登山防护帽 安全要求和试验方法》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12492:2012Mountaineering equipment Helmets for mountaineers Safety requirements and testmethodsBS EN 12492:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is th

2、e UK implementation of EN 12492:2012. Itsupersedes BS EN 12492:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PH/6/6, Protective helmets for sport and leisure.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its s

3、ecretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 75029 8ICS 13.340.20; 97.220.40Compliance with a British Sta

4、ndard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12492:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12492 Febr

5、uary 2012 ICS 13.340.20 Supersedes EN 12492:2000English Version Mountaineering equipment - Helmets for mountaineers - Safety requirements and test methods Equipements dalpinisme et descalade - Casques dalpinistes - Exigences de scurit et mthodes dessai Bergsteigerausrstung - Bergsteigerhelme - Siche

6、rheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 December 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alt

7、eration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language ma

8、de by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Esto

9、nia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISAT

10、ION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12492:2012: EBS EN 12492:2012EN 12492:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 41 Scope 62 Normat

11、ive references 63 Terms and definitions .64 Requirements .74.1 Construction requirements .74.1.1 Materials .74.1.2 Projections .74.1.3 Retention system .74.1.4 Ventilation .74.2 Performance requirements .74.2.1 Shock absorption.74.2.2 Penetration .84.2.3 Retention system strength .84.2.4 Retention s

12、ystem effectiveness (roll off) 85 Test methods 85.1 Sampling .85.2 Helmet adjustment .85.3 Conditioning .95.3.1 General 95.3.2 U.V. ageing .95.3.3 Thermal plus conditioning 95.3.4 Thermal minus conditioning .95.4 Headforms 95.5 Shock absorption 105.5.1 Impact points . 105.5.2 Principle . 105.5.3 App

13、aratus 105.5.4 Procedure 125.5.5 Report 125.6 Resistance to penetration 125.6.1 Impact area 125.6.2 Principle . 125.6.3 Apparatus 125.6.4 Procedure 135.6.5 Report 135.7 Retention system strength 135.7.1 Principle . 135.7.2 Apparatus 145.7.3 Procedure 145.7.4 Report 145.8 Retention system effectivene

14、ss 145.8.1 General . 145.8.2 Principle . 155.8.3 Apparatus 155.8.4 Procedure 165.8.5 Report 166 Marking and labelling . 216.1 Marking 21BS EN 12492:2012EN 12492:2012 (E) 3 6.2 Labelling . 217 Information supplied by the manufacturer . 21Annex A (informative) Alternative test method for artificial ag

15、eing 22Annex B (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and EN 12492:2000 . 23Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC Personal Protective Equipment . 24Bibliography 25BS EN 12492:20

16、12EN 12492:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12492:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 158 “Head protection”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endor

17、sement, at the latest by August 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identif

18、ying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12492:2000. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s),

19、see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Annex B provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries

20、are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,

21、Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12492:2012 EN 12492:2012 (E) 5 Introduction The protection given by a helmet depends on the circumstances of the accident and wearing a helmet cannot always prevent death or long term disability. A proportion of the energy of an impact

22、 is absorbed by the helmet, thereby reducing the force of the blow sustained by the head. The structure of the helmet may be damaged in absorbing this energy and any helmet that sustains a severe blow needs to be replaced even if damage is not apparent. Mountaineers helmets are fitted with a retenti

23、on system to retain the helmet on the head. However, there may be a foreseeable risk that helmets could become trapped and thereby cause a risk of strangulation. BS EN 12492:20126 1 Scope This European Standard specifies safety requirements and test methods for safety helmets for use in mountaineeri

24、ng. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any a

25、mendments) applies. EN 960:2006, Headforms for use in the testing of protective helmets ISO 6487, Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 helmet for mountaineers (he

26、reafter referred to as helmet) headwear primarily intended to protect the upper part of a wearers head against hazards which might occur during activities carried out by mountaineers 3.2 shell hard, smoothly finished material that provides the general outer form of the helmet 3.3 helmet type helmet

27、which is characterized by: a) the tradename or mark; b) the materials and dimensions of the shell; c) the materials and dimensions of the protective padding; d) the materials and dimensions of the retention system 3.4 protective padding material which is used to absorb impact energy 3.5 comfort padd

28、ing liner material provided for the wearers comfort 3.6 sizing padding liner material used for adjustment of the helmet size 3.7 retention system complete assembly by means of which the helmet is maintained in position on the head, including any devices for adjustment of the system or to enhance the

29、 wearers comfort EN 12492:2012 (E)7 3.8 chin strap part of the retention system consisting of a strap which passes under the wearers jaw to retain the helmet in position 3.9 headform shape replacing the head which is used for testing certain characteristics Note 1 to entry: The headform is designed

30、in accordance with EN 960:2006. 4 Requirements 4.1 Construction requirements 4.1.1 Materials For those parts of the helmet that come into contact with the skin, materials which are known to be likely to cause skin irritation or any adverse effect on health shall not be used. For a material not in ge

31、neral use, advice as to its suitability shall be sought before its introduction. 4.1.2 Projections There shall be no sharp edges, roughness or projection on any part of the helmet which is in contact or potential contact with the wearer when the helmet is worn, such as is likely to cause injury to t

32、he wearer. 4.1.3 Retention system The helmet shall be fitted with a retention system, including a chin strap. The retention system shall have at least three separate points of attachment to the shell. The chin strap shall be adjustable in length. That part of the chin strap which comes into contact

33、with the jaw shall have a minimum width of 15 mm under a load of 250 N. 4.1.4 Ventilation All helmets shall be ventilated. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of such ventilation shall not be less than 4 cm2when measured on the surface of the helmet. 4.2 Performance requirements 4.2.1 Shock absorpt

34、ion 4.2.1.1 Vertical energy absorption capacity When a helmet is tested by the method described in 5.5, the force transmitted to the headform shall not exceed 10 kN, for a drop height of (2 000 10) mm of the hemispherical striker described in 5.5.3.4. 4.2.1.2 Front energy absorption capacity When a

35、helmet is tested by the method described in 5.5, the force transmitted to the headform shall not exceed 10 kN, for a drop height of (500 10) mm of the flat striker described in 5.5.3.4. BS EN 12492:2012 EN 12492:2012 (E) 8 4.2.1.3 Side energy absorption capacity When a helmet is tested by the method

36、 described in 5.5, the force transmitted to the headform shall not exceed 10 kN, for a drop height of (500 10) mm of the flat striker described in 5.5.3.4. 4.2.1.4 Rear energy absorption capacity When a helmet is tested by the method described in 5.5, the force transmitted to the headform shall not

37、exceed 10 kN, for a drop height of (500 10) mm of the flat striker described in 5.5.3.4. 4.2.2 Penetration When a helmet is tested on two points of impact, apart from each other as at least 50 mm, by the method described in 5.6, there shall be no contact between the striker and the headform, for a d

38、rop height of (1 000 5) mm of the conical striker described in 5.6.3.4. 4.2.3 Retention system strength When a helmet is tested by the method described in 5.7, the maximum elongation of the whole system shall not exceed 25 mm. 4.2.4 Retention system effectiveness (roll off) When a helmet is tested b

39、y the method described in 5.8, for the front way and rear way tests, the helmet shall not come off the headform. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling For every type of helmet, helmet samples shall be submitted for testing in the condition in which they are offered for sale, including any requisite holes in t

40、he shell and any means of attachment for accessories specified by the manufacturer. No helmet that has been subjected to testing shall be offered for sale. For every type of helmet, 11 helmet samples are required for the tests (see Table 1): 6 of the smallest size of the range of the helmet type; an

41、d 5 of the largest size of the range of the helmet type. 5.2 Helmet adjustment Before any testing on a headform, the helmet shall be adjusted to the headform size and positioned in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. The smallest headform is the smallest size, in accordance with 5.4, whi

42、ch is within the size range specified by the manufacturer for the particular size and type of helmet. The largest headform is the largest size, in accordance with 5.4, which is within the size range specified by the manufacturer for the particular size and type of helmet. BS EN 12492:2012EN 12492:20

43、12 (E)9 5.3 Conditioning 5.3.1 General Before any testing the helmet shall be conditioned in accordance with the conditioning defined in Table 1 and the relevant specifications defined in 5.3.2 to 5.3.4. Table 1 Conditioning of test samples and size of test headforms Staizgprocedure UV ageing Therma

44、l plus +35 C Thermal minus -20 C Ambient +20 C Helmet N Top impact Yes Smallest Largest Largest 1-2-3 Front impact Yes Size and conditioning to be chosen by the laboratory 4 Side impact Yes Size and conditioning to be chosen by the laboratory 5 Back impact Yes Size and conditioning to be chosen by t

45、he laboratory 6 Penetration Yes Largest Smallest Smallest 7-8-9 Retention strength Yes - - - Smallest 10 Roll off front and back Yes - - - Smallest 11 5.3.2 U.V. ageing 5.3.2.1 Apparatus A high pressure xenon 450 Watt lamp with quartz casing, operated in accordance with the lamp manufacturers instru

46、ctions. A means to support the helmet so that it is exposed to the radiation. 5.3.2.2 Procedure Secure the helmet so that the vertical axis through the crown of the helmet (as worn) is perpendicular to the axis of the lamp and the distance between the crown of the helmet and the axis of the lamp is

47、(150 5) mm. Expose the helmet to the radiation for (400 4) h. It shall then be removed and allowed to return to laboratory ambient conditions. NOTE The method described in Annex A may be used as an alternative. 5.3.3 Thermal plus conditioning The helmet shall be exposed to a temperature of (35 2) C

48、for between 4 h and 24 h. 5.3.4 Thermal minus conditioning The helmet shall be exposed to a temperature of (-20 2) C for between 4 h and 24 h. 5.4 Headforms The head forms used shall comply with EN 960:2006. The sizes in Table 2 shall be used, except for determination of shock absorbing capacity, fo

49、r which only size designations 495, 535, 575, 605 and 625 shall be used. BS EN 12492:2012 EN 12492:2012 (E) 10 NOTE Table 2 gives the EN 960:1994 equivalent letter codes to the EN 960:2006 size designations for headforms with similar nominal dimensions. These are as given in EN 960:2006, Annex C. The EN 960:200