EN 1193-1997 en Timber Structures - Structural Timber and Glued Laminated Timber - Determination of Shear Strength and Mechanical Properties Perpendicular to the Grain《木材结构 结构木材和胶合.pdf

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1、- STD-BSI BS EN 1173-ENGL 1798 m 1b24bb7 b88743 572 m BRITISH STANDARD Timber structures - Structural timber and glued laminated timber - Determination of shear strength and mechanical properties perpendicular to the grain * * u, The European Standard EN 1193 : 1997 has the status of a British Stand

2、ard ICs 79.060.99 91.080.20 BS EN 1193 : 1998 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 1193 : 1998 AmdNo. This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of t

3、he Standards Board and comes into effect on 16 March 1998 Date Text affected O BSI 1998 IGBN O 680 28999 O National foreword This British standard is the English language version of EN 1193 : 1997. The UKparticipation in its preparation was entrusted by Technid Committee W518, Structural timber, to

4、Subcommittee B/518/1, Test methods, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand the te* - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; - monitor related internationai and European de

5、velopments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards

6、 Catalogue under the section entitled Inkmationid Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Fnd facility of the BSI standrtrtrds Electronic Catalogue. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front

7、cover, an inside hnt cover, the EN titie page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. Amendments issued since publication EUROPEAN SxANDm NO= EUROPENNE EUROPmcHE NORIM EN 1193 October 1997 ICs 79.040 79.060.99 91.080.20 Descriptors: Timber construction, wood, laminated board, timber f

8、rames, tests, determination, physical properties, mechanical properties, tensile strength, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, shear strength English version * * CB Tirnber structures - structural timber and glued laminated timber - Determination of shear stmgth and mechanical properties pe

9、rpendicular to the grain Sbctures en bois- Bois de charpente et bois lamellcoll - Dknnination de la rsistance au cisaiilement et des proprits mcaniques perpendiculaires aux fibres zur Faserrichtung Holzbauwerke - Bauholz fr tragende Zwecke und Brettschichthoh - Fkstimmung der Scherfestigkeit und der

10、 mechanischen Eigenschaften rechtwinklig This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 October 1997. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internai Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. U

11、p-to-date iists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standasd exists in three official versions (English, French, German). Aversion in any other language made by translation und

12、er the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Centrai Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Rance, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxe

13、mbourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fur Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1060 Brussels O 1997 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and b

14、y any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1193 : 1997 E Page 2 EN U93 : 1997 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technid Committee CENAC 124, Tzmber structures, the Secretariat of which is held by DS. NOTE. It is considered desirable to maintain the same c

15、lause numbering hroughout this series of standards. Consequently, some clauses are empty but it is envisaged that future editions may need to include text in these clauses. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endor

16、sement, at the latest by April 1998, and the latest by April 1998. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Fniand, France, Gennanx Greec

17、e, Iceland, ireland, I*, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. conflicting national stan modulus of elasticity in compression perpendicular to the grain, in newtons per square miiiimetre; modulus of elasticity in tension perpendicular to the gr

18、ain, in newtons per square miilimetre; F applied load, in newtons; Fc,90 compressive load perpendicular to the grain, in newtons; Fc,g,max maximum compressive load perpendicular to the grain, in newtons; Fc,gO,max,est estimated maximum compressive load perpendicular to the grain, in newtons; Ft,90 t

19、ensile load perpendicular to the grain, in newtons; Ft,go,max maximum tensile load perpendicular to the grain, in newtons; 1 t plate thickness, in miiimetres; W deformation, in milmetres. maximum load applied by the test machine, in newtons; compressive strength perpendicular to the grain, in newton

20、s per square miliimetre; tensile strength perpendicular to the grain, in newtons per square milimetre; shear strength parallel to the grain, in newtons per square millimetre; tect piece height, in miilimetres; test piece length, in millimetres; 5 Determination of dimensions of test piece The dimensi

21、ons of the test pieces shall be measured to an accuracy of 1 Om. Ail measurements shall be made when the test pieces are conditioned as specified in clause 7, and planed. NOTE. If the width or length varies, then these dimensions should be recorded as the average of three measurements on the height

22、of the test piece. 6 Determination of density of test pieces The density of the test pieces shall be determined prior to test from the measurements of mass and volume of the whole test piece. 7 Conditioning of test pieces 7.1 General The tests shall be carried out on test pieces which are conditione

23、d at the standard environment of (20 * 2) OC and (65 conditioned when it attains constant mass. Constant mass is considered to be attained when the results of two successive weighings, carried out at an interval of 6 h, do not differ by more than 0,1% of the mass of the test piece. Where the timber

24、to be tested is not readily conditionable to the above standard environment, (e.g. for hardwoods with high densities), that fact shall be reported 7.2 Test area environment Unless otherwise protected, test pieces shall not be removed from the conditioning environment more than 1 h before testing. 5)

25、 % relative humidity. The test piece is NOTE. Test pieces can be stored in the test area for up to 24 h provided they are close piled and wrapped in vapour tight sheeting. O BSI 1998 Page 4 ENll93:1997 h 8 Determination of tension and compression strengths perpendicular to the grain 8.1 Requirements

26、 for test pieces 8.1.1 Fabrication The fabrication of the test pieces shall be such as wiU allow for the appiication of the loads to the test piece. NOTE 1. Suitable arrangements are shown in annexes A and B. For tension tests, the test piece shall be glued to steel piateS. The giuing process shall

27、be capable of ensuring the specified position of the test piece during testhg. NOTE 2. A suitable adhesive for fixing the steel plates to the timber test piece is a two-part epoxy immediately prior to giuing, the surfaces to be joined should be prepared by planing the tunber test piece surfaces and

28、sandblasting the steel plates. 8.1.1.1 Suxe p.paration The loaded s otherwise, repeat the procedure unt a value of FC,- within that tolerance is obtained. shom in figure 3. calculate 0,l Fc,W,- 9.3.2 Tension perpencular to the grain The modulus of elasticity Et,go shaii be calculated ftom the equati

29、on: where: F40 - FIO is an increment of load on the slmight lhe portion of the lddefonnation curve, in newtons. FIO shall be 10 % and F40 shall be 40 % of Ft,go,ax. 40 - w10 is the increment of deformation corresponding to F40 -FIO, in milbmetres. The other symbols are as given in clause 4. The modu

30、lus of elasticity shall be calculated to an accuracy of 1 %. 10 Determination of shear strength parallel to the grain 10.1 Requirements for test pieces 10.1.1 Fabrication The test piece shall be glued to steel piateS. The steel plates shall be tapered as shown in figure 4. NOTE. A suitable adhesive

31、for fixing the steel plates to the timber test piece is a two-part epow. Immediately prior to giuing, the surfaces to be joined should be prepared by pianing the timber test piece surfaces and sandblasting the steel plates. 10.1.2 SuMace preparation AU surfaces shail be acc-ly prepared to ensure tha

32、t adjacent surfaces are perpenicuiar and oppite surfaces are parallel to each other. This prepamtion shall be canied out after conditioning. The test pieces shall satisfy the requirements shown in figure 4. The values of the dimensions shall be as follows: 1 = (300f2)nn b= (32fl)m h = (66f 1)mm The

33、steel plaie thickness shall be (lof i) m. NOTE. Variaons in these dimensions are permissible within the stated tolerances, to achieve the object of an angle of 14 in the test. O BSI 1998 STD-BSI BS EN 1173-ENGL 1978 Lb2LibbS Ob88751 b47 I Groin direction 1: Timber test piece 2: Steel plote 7F-AY ht

34、Dimensions in miiiimetres Figure 4. Timber test piece shown glued to steel plates IF Page 7 EN 1193 : 1997 10.2 Procedure The test piece shall be mounted in a test machine as shown in figure 5. The test piece shall be aligned such that continuous contact is maintained where the line loads F are appl

35、ied The angle between the load direction and the longitudinal axis of the test piece shall be 14“. The loading equipment used shall be capable of measuring the load to an accuracy of 1 % of the load applied to the test piece or, for loads less than 10 % of the maximum load, with an accuracy of 0,1%

36、of the maximum load. If the faiiure OCCUIS partly in the glued area of the test piecdsteel plate interface, the result is valid only if this area is less than 20 % of the area of failure. Load F shall be applied at a constant rate of loadinghead movement so austed that the load Fmax is reached withi

37、n (300 * 120) s. NOTE. This rate should be determined from the results of preliminary tests. The objective is that the time to reach F, for each test piece is 300 s. Single test pieces diverging more than 120 s from the target of 300 s shall be reported. The time to failure shall be recorded and its

38、 average reported. Grain direction 1: Timber test piece 2: Steel plate Figure 5. Loading arrangement O BSI 1998 STD-BSI BS EN 1193-ENGL 1998 1bZilbb9 Ob88952 585 Page 8 EN U93 : 1997 10.3 Expression of results The shear shengthf, shall be determined from the equation: F, cos 14“ fv= b) size of test

39、piece. In addition, for glued lamhated timber, the type of glue used and the orientation and the number of hminaions; c) countq region or miil of origin of the material sampled. In addition, for glued laminated timber, the factory of origin; d) method of selection of test pieces; e) method of condit

40、ioning; f) any other information which may have influenced the test results, for example drying history 11.3 Test method The following information shall be given: a) methods of test used; b) temperature and relative humidity at the time of test; c) description of the load testing device, the test eq

41、uipment and the measuring instruments used; d) any other information which may influence the use of the test results. 11.4 Test results The following information for each test piece shall normally be given: a) moisture content at time of test; b) density; c) actual dimensions; d) moduli of elasticit

42、y anor strength values; e) location and mode of failure. Any parts of glued areas in the failure section shall be recorded; f) times to reach the maximum load; g) any other information which may influence the use of the test results. O BSI 1998 * * VI Square platen with STD-BSI BS EN LL73-ENGL 1798

43、LbZqbb7 Ob88753 411 Page 9 EN 1193 : 1997 Annex A (informative) Example of compression test arrangement The load can be transferred to the test piece sough steel plates. To ensure uniform deformation from the beginning of the load application, a pair of steel wedges can be inserted between the steel

44、 plate and the pressure disc of the testing machine. This enables the equalization of small deviations in pdehty. The use of the devices shown in figure A2 wilk - facilitate the correct alignment of the test piece between the platens of the test machine; and - facilitate full contact between the end

45、 surfaces of the test piece and the platens of the test machine; and - following the initial loading, prevent any further rotation of the platens. Figure A.2 Compression test locking device Figure A.l Compression test arrangement O BSI 1998 STD-BSI BS EN LL93-ENGL 1998 Lb2qbbS Ob8875i 358 W Page 10

46、EN U93 : 1997 Annex B (idormative) Example of tension test arrangement with rigid fixings The load can be transferred to the test piece through steel plates glued to the test piece. A suitable adhesive is a twocomponent epoxy. Just before the gluing, the interface surfaces should be prepared by sand

47、blasting the steel and planing the wood. RI better ensure failure in the wood away nom the glue plane, a block of wood with grain parallel to the load direction can be inserted between it and the steel plate. An example of the arrangement is shown below. I -a m4- A a b Test piece Steel plate steel p

48、late rigidly connected to grip of testing machine Grip of testing machine Hole in plate 2 for tight-fitting spherical dowel fured to plate 3 Boltconnection at comer. The spherical washers resting in conical counter-sinkjngs allow mutual rotation of the steel plates Dowelconnection of steel plates al

49、lows mutual vertical and rotational movements of the steel plates, but prevents horizontal movement Figure B.l Tension test arrangement O BSI 1998 - STD-BSI BS EN 1193-ENGL 1998 W 1bZibbS Ob88755 294 BS EN 1193 A998 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London w4 4fiL BSI - British Standards Institution BSI is the independent nationai body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Chaster. Contract requirements A British Sta