EN 1078-2012 en Helmets for pedal cyclists and for users of skateboards and roller skates《头盔骑自行车和滑板和溜冰鞋》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 1078:2012Helmets for pedal cyclists andfor users of skateboards androller skatesBS EN 1078:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementat

2、ion of EN 1078:2012. Itsupersedes BS EN 1078:1997 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PH/6/4, Pedal cyclists helmets.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not p

3、urport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 75027 4ICS 13.340.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligati

4、ons.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 February 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 1078:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1078 February 2012 ICS 13.340.20 Supersedes EN 1078:1

5、997English Version Helmets for pedal cyclists and for users of skateboards and roller skates Casques pour cyclistes et pour utilisateurs de planches roulettes et de patins roulettes Helme fr Radfahrer und fr Benutzer von Skateboards und Rollschuhen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 De

6、cember 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be

7、obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to th

8、e CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo

9、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN Al

10、l rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1078:2012: EBS EN 1078:2012EN 1078:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3Introduction 41 Scope 52 Normative references . 53 Terms and definitions . 54 Requirements 64.1 Materials . 64.2 Cons

11、truction 64.3 Field of vision 74.4 Shock absorbing capacity 94.5 Durability 94.6 Retention system 94.6.1 General . 94.6.2 Chin strap 94.6.3 Fastening device . 94.6.4 Colour . 94.6.5 Strength . 94.6.6 Effectiveness . 94.6.7 Ease of release 105 Testing 105.1 Headforms . 105.2 Inspection and determinat

12、ion of mass . 105.3 Number of samples and sequence of tests 105.4 Determination of shock absorbing capacity 115.4.1 Test area 115.4.2 Conditioning 115.4.3 Apparatus 135.4.4 Procedure 155.5 Determination of retention system strength and ease of release 165.5.1 Apparatus 165.5.2 Procedure 165.6 Determ

13、ination of retention system effectiveness 165.6.1 Apparatus 165.6.2 Procedure 205.7 Determination of field of vision . 205.8 Test report . 206 Marking 207 Information supplied by the manufacturer . 21Annex A (informative) Alternative procedure for artificial ageing . 22Annex B (informative) Signific

14、ant technical changes between this European Standard and EN 1078:1997 . 23Annex ZA (normative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC Personal Protective Equipment 24Bibliography . 25BS EN 1078:2012EN 1078:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This docume

15、nt (EN 1078:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 158 “Head protection“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2012, and c

16、onflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This do

17、cument supersedes EN 1078:1997. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integr

18、al part of this document. Annex B provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standar

19、d: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the U

20、nited Kingdom. BS EN 1078:2012EN 1078:2012 (E) 4 Introduction The protection given by a helmet depends on the circumstances of the accident and wearing a helmet cannot always prevent death or long term disability. A proportion of the energy of an impact is absorbed by the helmet, thereby reducing th

21、e force of the blow sustained by the head. The structure of the helmet may be damaged in absorbing this energy and any helmet that sustains a severe blow needs to be replaced even if damage is not apparent. The technical committee which has prepared this European Standard realizes that it is of impo

22、rtance for the wearers comfort and psychrometric performance that a helmet is ventilated. At the time the standard was prepared no method for measuring the ventilating capacity of a helmet was recognized. For that reason no requirements concerning ventilation or heat transmission have been introduce

23、d. Manufacturers of helmets are urged to design their helmets to encourage a flow of air over the wearers head. Pedal cyclists helmets and helmets for users of skateboards and roller skates are fitted with a retention system to retain the helmet on the head. However, there may be a foreseeable risk

24、that helmets of young children could become trapped and thereby cause a risk of strangulation of the child. In such cases an impact protection helmet for young children (see EN 1080) should be used. BS EN 1078:2012EN 1078:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and test meth

25、ods for helmets worn by users of pedal cycles, skateboards and roller skates. Requirements and the corresponding methods of test are given for the following: construction, including field of vision; shock absorbing properties; retention system properties, including chin strap and fastening devices;

26、marking and information. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. E

27、N 960:2006, Headforms for use in the testing of protective helmets ISO 6487, Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 protective helmet item to be worn on the head an

28、d intended to absorb the energy of an impact, thus reducing the risk of injury to the head 3.2 helmet type category of helmets which does not differ in such essential respects as the materials or dimensions or construction of the helmet, of the retention system or of the protective padding 3.3 paddi

29、ng 3.3.1 protective padding material used to absorb impact energy 3.3.2 comfort padding lining material provided for the wearers comfort 3.3.3 sizing padding lining material used for adjustment of the helmet size BS EN 1078:2012EN 1078:2012 (E) 6 3.4 retention system complete assembly by means of wh

30、ich the helmet is maintained in position on the head including any devices for adjustment of the system or to enhance the wearers comfort 3.5 chin-strap part of the retention system consisting of a strap that passes under the wearers jaw to keep the helmet in position 3.6 basic plane of the human he

31、ad plane at the level of the external ear opening (external auditory meatus) and the lower edge of the eye sockets (orbits) 3.7 basic plane of a headform plane relative to the headform that corresponds to the basic plane of the human head 3.8 reference plane construction plane parallel to the basic

32、plane of the headform at a distance from it which is a function of the size of the headform 3.9 test area area of the helmet in which impact tests may be conducted which corresponds to the minimum protected area of the human head 4 Requirements 4.1 Materials For those parts of the helmet coming into

33、 contact with the skin, the material used should be known not to undergo appreciable alteration from contact with sweat or with substances likely to be found in toiletries. Materials shall not be used which are known to cause skin disorders. 4.2 Construction The helmet normally consists of a means o

34、f absorbing impact energy and means of retaining the helmet on the head in an accident. The helmet should be durable and withstand handling. The helmet shall be so designed and shaped that parts of it (visor, rivets, ventilators, edges, fastening device and the like) are not likely to injure the use

35、r in normal use. BS EN 1078:2012EN 1078:2012 (E) 7 NOTE Helmets should: have low weight; be ventilating; be easy to put on and take off; be usable with spectacles; not significantly interfere with the ability of the user to hear traffic noise. 4.3 Field of vision When tested in accordance with 5.7 t

36、here shall be no occultation in the field of vision bounded by angles as follows (see Figure 1): horizontally: min. 105 from the longitudinal vertical median plane to the left and right hand sides; upwards: min. 25 from the reference plane; downwards: min. 45 from the basic plane. BS EN 1078:2012EN

37、1078:2012 (E) 8 Dimensions in millimetres a) Section of headform in longitudinal vertical plane b) Section of headform in reference plane Key 1 reference plane 2 basic plane 3 front 4 back 5 longitudinal vertical median plane 6 central transverse vertical plane NOTE 1 Longitudinal vertical median pl

38、ane equivalent to EN 960:2006, 2.8 “vertical longitudinal plane”. NOTE 2 Central transverse vertical plane equivalent to EN 960:2006, 2.9 “vertical transverse plane”. Figure 1 Field of vision BS EN 1078:2012EN 1078:2012 (E) 9 4.4 Shock absorbing capacity The helmet shall give protection to the foreh

39、ead, rear, sides, temples and crown of the head. When tested in accordance with 5.3 and 5.4 the peak acceleration shall not, for each impact, exceed 250 g for the velocity of 5,42 010,+, m/s on the flat anvil, and 4,57010,+m/s on the kerbstone anvil. NOTE These are theoretically equivalent to 1 497

40、mm and 1 064 mm drop heights respectively. 4.5 Durability After being tested the helmet shall not exhibit damage that could cause significant injury to the wearer (sharp edges, points). 4.6 Retention system 4.6.1 General Means shall be provided for retaining the helmet on the wearers head. All parts

41、 of the retention system shall be securely attached to the helmet. 4.6.2 Chin strap The chin strap shall not include a chin cup. Any chin strap shall be no less than 15 mm wide. Chin straps may be fitted with means of enhancing comfort for the wearer. 4.6.3 Fastening device Any retention system shal

42、l be fitted with a device to adjust and maintain tension in the system. The device shall be capable of adjustment so that the buckle does not sit on the jaw bone. 4.6.4 Colour No part of the retention system shall be coloured green. NOTE It is recommended that the opening mechanism be marked with re

43、d or orange colour. 4.6.5 Strength When tested in accordance with 5.5, the dynamic extension of the retention system shall not exceed 35 mm and the residual extension shall not exceed 25 mm. For this purpose, extension includes slippage of the fastening device. Damage to the retention system shall b

44、e accepted provided that the above requirements are met. NOTE In this test, slippage of the fastening device can be measured and recorded separately from other contributions to the extension but this is for information only and is not subject to a separate requirement. 4.6.6 Effectiveness When teste

45、d in accordance with 5.6 the helmet shall not come off the headform. BS EN 1078:2012EN 1078:2012 (E) 10 4.6.7 Ease of release Following the strength test in accordance with 5.5 and with the load still applied, it shall be possible to open the release system with one hand. 5 Testing 5.1 Headforms The

46、 headforms used shall comply with EN 960:2006. The sizes in Table 1 shall be used, except for determination of shock absorbing capacity, for which only size designations 495, 535, 575, 605 and 625 shall be used. For determination of retention system strength and ease of release, the headforms used s

47、hall comply with EN 960:2006 at least down from the basic plane. NOTE Table 1 also gives the EN 960:1994 equivalent letter codes to the EN 960:2006 size designations for headforms with similar nominal dimensions. These are as given in EN 960:2006, Annex C. The EN 960:2006 size designation approximat

48、es to the circumference of the headform at the reference plane, in mm. Table 1 Sizes of headforms Size designation Inside circumference of helmet (EN 960:1994 equivalent) mm 495 (A) 500 515 (C) 520 535 (E) 540 555 (G) 560 575 (J) 570 585 (K) 580 605 (M) 600 625 (O) 620 5.2 Inspection and determinati

49、on of mass Inspect the helmet to ascertain whether it is suitable for its intended purpose and fulfils the general requirements in 4.2. Determine the mass of the helmets of the same size submitted for testing. Calculate and record the mean value in g rounded off to the nearest 10 g, stating the size of the helmet. 5.3 Number of samples and sequence of tests For each helmet type