EN 1005-2-2003 en Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 2 Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery (Incorporates Amendment A1 2008)《机械安全人体物理性.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1005-2:2003 Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery ICS 13.110; 13.180 +A1:2008National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1005-2:2003+ A1:2008. It supersedes BS EN 1005-2:2

2、003 which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“. The UK participation in its preparati

3、on was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/4, Anthropometry and biomechanics. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of

4、 a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. BS EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments 30 June 2009 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2008 This British S

5、tandard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 19 June 2003 BSI 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 62349 3 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1005-2:2003+A1 October 2008 ICS 13.110; 13.180 Supersedes EN 1005-2:2003 English Version Safety of machinery -

6、 Human physical performance - Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery Scurit des machines - Performance physique humaine - Partie 2: Manutention manuelle de machines et dlments de machines Sicherheit von Maschinen - Menschliche krperliche Leistung - Teil 2: Manuelle Han

7、dhabung von Gegenstnden in Verbindung mit Maschinen und Maschinenteilen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 February 2003 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 18 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions

8、for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three offi

9、cial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria

10、, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITT

11、EE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008: EEN 1005-2:2003+A

12、1:2008 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Recommendations for the design of machinery and component parts where objects are lifted, lowered and carried.5 4.1 General principles .5 4.2 Recommendations for the design of machiner

13、y 6 4.2.1 Systems without manual handling 6 4.2.2 Manual handling with technical aids .6 4.3 Risk assessment and recommendations for the design of machinery and component parts involving manual handling .6 4.3.1 Approach to risk assessment.6 4.3.2 Hazard identification, risk estimation, risk evaluat

14、ion and recommendations for risk reduction by design 7 4.3.3 Risk assessment model9 4.4 Information for use 16 Annex A (informative) Populations characteristics and system design .18 A.1 Population characteristics18 A.2 System design .18 A.2.1 Avoid constrained postures .18 A.2.2 Acceleration and mo

15、vement accuracy18 A.2.3 Minimise the discomfort, fatigue and stress on the operator.19 Annex B (informative) Recommended thermal comfort requirements20 Annex C (informative) Risk assessment worksheets21 Annex ZA (informative) ! ! ! !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requi

16、rements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC“ “ “ “ .27 Annex ZB (informative) ! ! ! !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“ “ “ “.28 Bibliography29 BS EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (

17、EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 122, “Ergonomics“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2009, and

18、 conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-08-18. This document supersedes EN 1005-2:2003. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This do

19、cument has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ EN 1

20、005 consists of the following parts, under the general title “Safety of machinery - Human physical performance“: Part 1: Terms and definitions; Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery; Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation; Part 4 1) : Evaluation of w

21、orking postures and movements in relation to machinery; Part 5 1) : Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequency. Annexes A, B and C are for informative. This document includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

22、 following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia

23、, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 1) This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 “Biomechanics“. BS EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction When designing and constructing machinery, the manufacturer should meet the essential requir

24、ements for safety and health set out in the Machinery Directive. The manufacturer should assess the hazards of the machine and consider these hazards related to the life cycle of the machine. This European Standard is one of several ergonomic standards for the safety of machinery. EN 614-1 describes

25、 the principles to be applied by designers in order to accommodate ergonomic factors. This standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard in the sense of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. This European Standard is a type B standard as stated in EN 1070. The provisions

26、of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. NOTE For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions

27、 of this type B standard. Manual handling of loads can lead to a high risk of injury to the musculoskeletal system if the loads to be handled are too heavy, and/or handled at high frequencies for long durations and/or in awkward postures. Disorders of the musculoskeletal system are of a common occur

28、rence throughout Europe. Manually applied effort is often required by operators working with machines for their intended purpose. Risks exist if the design of the machinery is not in accordance with ergonomic design principles. When designing and constructing machinery where manual handling is requi

29、red, this standard provides relevant data for working posture, load, frequency and duration. The design criteria given in this standard can be used by the designer when making risk assessments. This standard requires machinery designers to adopt a three stage approach to: a) avoid manual handling ac

30、tivities wherever possible; b) utilise technical aids; c) further reduce the inherent level of risk by optimising handling activities. For machines and their component parts which cannot be moved or transported by hand, see 4.2 in EN 292-2:1991. BS EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008 (E) 5

31、1 Scope This European Standard specifies ergonomic recommendations for the design of machinery involving manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery, including tools linked to the machine, in professional and domestic applications. This European Standard applies to the manual handl

32、ing of machinery, component parts of machinery and objects processed by the machine (input/output) of 3 kg or more, for carrying less than 2 m. Objects of less than 3 kg are dealt with in prEN 1005-5 1) . The standard provides data for ergonomic design and risk assessment concerning lifting, lowerin

33、g and carrying in relation to the assembly/erection, transport and commissioning (assembly, installation, adjustment), operation, fault finding, maintenance, setting, teaching or process changeover and decommissioning, disposal and dismantling of machinery. This standard provides current data on the

34、 general population and certain sub-populations (clarified in annex A). This part of the standard does not cover the holding of objects (without walking), pushing or pulling of objects, hand-held machines, or handling while seated. This document is not applicable to specify the machinery which are m

35、anufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are liste

36、d hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292

37、-2:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 614-1, Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 1: Terminology and general principles. EN 1005-1:2001, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 1: Ter

38、ms and definitions. EN 1050, Safety of machinery Principles for risk assessment. EN 1070:1998, Safety of machinery Terminology. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1005-1:2001 and EN 1070:1998 apply. 4 Recommendations for the desi

39、gn of machinery and component parts where objects are lifted, lowered and carried 4.1 General principles In order to minimise the risks to the health and safety of the operator, when lifting, lowering and carrying the machine or component parts, the designer/manufacturer of the machine shall: a) est

40、ablish whether or not a hazard exists when manual handling activities are performed in relation to the intended use of the machine. If a hazard exists, the risk assessment model should be applied. (see 4.3.1, 4.3.2 and 4.3.3); BS EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008 (E) 6 b) remove the hazar

41、d by excluding the need for manual handling activities (lifting, lowering and carrying) for the machinery or machinery-linked objects (see 4.2.1). If this is not possible, provide technical aids, additional to the system (see 4.2.2), and/or design/redesign the machinery and machinery-linked objects

42、according to ergonomic principles (see 4.3); c) provide technical specifications and instructions so that machinery is used appropriately and in the intended manner covered by the risk assessment, technical specifications and instructions for use. In all cases, the designer shall provide instruction

43、s concerning construction, transport and commissioning, use and decommissioning of the machinery (see 4.4) to prevent risks for safety and health. Technical aids for manual handling should preferably be incorporated into the machinery design and the machine. Health, safety and productivity are most

44、likely to be optimised if an ergonomic approach is used in designing the system of work as a whole. 4.2 Recommendations for the design of machinery 4.2.1 Systems without manual handling The best way to eliminate manual handling risks is to remove the need to handle manually. In general, those design

45、ing new systems of work or installing new systems of machinery should consider introducing an integrated handling system that fully utilises powered handling, rather than a manual system. 4.2.2 Manual handling with technical aids Designers should ascertain whether suitable aids and equipment can be

46、installed, particularly if the existing practice involves frequent manual handling of objects and manual handling of objects weighing more than the reference mass (see Table 1), or the precise movement of objects. Appropriate technical aids diminish or eliminate the risk of musculoskeletal injury bu

47、t may induce risks, for example, by the need for maintenance work. They may also have implications for particular handling methods at subsequent points in the handling chain. Handling aids should be compatible with the rest of the work system, including layout and access routes. They should be effec

48、tive for the full range of operational conditions likely to be encountered. In employing technical aids, more space could be required for access to allow appropriate working postures. When designing systems including manual handling follow the recommendations given in 4.3.2. When considering the lim

49、its for manually pushing and pulling of technical aids, reference should be made to EN 1005-3. When considering working postures, reference should be made to prEN 1005-4 1) . 4.3 Risk assessment and recommendations for the design of machinery and component parts involving manual handling 4.3.1 Approach to risk assessment To control the risks to an individuals health and safety, it is necessary for the designer to identify relevant hazards and to carry out an appropriate risk