EEMUA PUB NO 140-2014 Noise procedure Specification (Edition 3).pdf

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1、THE ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS USERS ASSOCIATION Noise procedure Specification PUBLICATION 140 Edition 3 RELEASED BY IHS. NOT FOR RESALE EEMUA 222 Guide to the application of IEC 61511 EEMUA THE ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS USERS ASSOCIATION Noise procedure Specification PUBLICATION

2、140 Edition 3 Copyright 2014 The Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association. A company limited by guarantee. Registered in England. Company number 477838. ISBN 978 0 85931 196 0 Imprint reference 11-2014 Registered and Trading Address 63 Mark Lane London EC3R 7NQ Telephone: +44 (0)20 7488

3、 0801 Fax: +44 (0)20 7488 3499 E-mail: saleseemua.org Website: www.eemua.org EEMUA Publication 140 Noise procedure Specification EEMUA ii ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS USERS ASSOCIATION About EEMUA The Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association is usually known by its initials, EEMU

4、A. EEMUA is an Association established by the owners and operators of industrial assets. Any organisation that is a substantial user or substantial purchaser of engineering products is eligible to apply to become a member of EEMUA. Membership is subject to the approval of Council. EEMUA aims EEMUA a

5、ims to improve the safety, environmental and operating performance of industrial facilities in the most cost-effective way, pursuing and promoting leadership in industrial asset management by sharing engineering experiences and expertise, and by the active, enlightened promotion of the distinct inte

6、rests of users of engineering products. These aims are achieved by various means, including: Providing the organisation within which networking, information sharing and collaboration among users on non-competitive technical matters can take place Influencing the way written regulations are interpret

7、ed and applied in practice Promoting and presenting members views, and encouraging the application of good sound engineering practices Developing user guides, specifications, training and competency schemes Facilitating members participation in national and international standards making Influencing

8、 relevant national and European legislation and regulation. The income and resources of EEMUA are applied solely towards the promotion of the aims of the Association. No profit is transferred by way of dividend, bonus or otherwise to members. The work of the Association is mainly carried out by memb

9、ers representatives on EEMUA Technical Committees, Working Groups, and Forums, supported by EEMUA staff. Incorporation, membership and other information For the purposes of conducting its business, EEMUA is incorporated in England and Wales as a company, limited by guarantee, not having share capita

10、l. All usual aspects of company management and business administration are dealt with through the EEMUA Chief Executive, including policy implementation and leadership of the Executive team (the staff). A list of EEMUA publications for sale is given at the end of this Publication. The full list is a

11、lso on the Associations website, including details of on-line shopping facilities. To enquire about corporate Membership, write to enquirieseemua.org or call +44 (0)20 7488 0801. EEMUA Publication 140 Noise procedure Specification EEMUA iii ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION Legal aspects All rights, title and

12、interest in this Publication belong to EEMUA. All rights are reserved. No part of this Publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or other, without the express prior written agreement of the

13、 EEMUA Chief Executive. Infringement of copyright is illegal and also reduces the Associations income thereby jeopardising its ability to fund the production of future publications. It has been assumed in the preparation of this Publication that: the user ensures selection of those parts of its cont

14、ents appropriate to the intended application; and that such selection and application is correctly carried out by appropriately qualified and competent persons for whose guidance this Publication has been prepared. EEMUA and the individual members of the Work Group that prepared this EEMUA Publicati

15、on do not, and indeed cannot, make any representation or give any warranty or guarantee in connection with material contained herein. EEMUA and the individual members of the Work Group that prepared this EEMUA Publication expressly disclaim any liability or responsibility for damage or loss resultin

16、g from the use or reliance on this Publication. Any recommendations contained herein are based on the most authoritative information available at the time of writing and on current good engineering practice, but it is essential for the user to take account of pertinent subsequent developments and/or

17、 legislation. Any person who encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity when making use of this Publication is asked to notify EEMUA without delay so that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken. Consultation and feedback EEMUA encourages constructive comments on this Publication from

18、 both Members of the Association and others. Comments should be sent on the standard feedback form, a copy of which is provided towards the end of this Publication. An electronic version of the feedback form is available from EEMUA - e-mail your request for a copy to enquirieseemua.org, telephone yo

19、ur request to +44 (0)20 7488 0801, or download the form from the EEMUA website at www.eemua.org. Submit comments by e-mail (preferred) or post. Comments are considered by the relevant EEMUA Technical Committees and may be incorporated in future editions of this Publication. New editions are publicis

20、ed on the EEMUA website. EEMUA Publication 140 Noise procedure Specification EEMUA iv EEMUA Publication 140 Noise procedure Specification EEMUA v Contents Preface ix 1. Introduction and use of Specification 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Division of responsibilities . 1 1.2.1 The Principal 1 1.2.2 The Contract

21、or . 2 1.2.3 The Equipment Vendor 3 1.3 Special consideration 4 1.4 Notation and definitions 4 2. Measurement and reporting of equipment noise . 9 2.1 Measuring equipment . 9 2.2 General requirements for measurements . 9 2.2.1 Measurements . 9 2.2.2 Sound-level meter and sound intensity meter calibr

22、ation. 9 2.2.3 Measurement of background noise . 10 2.2.4 Measurement of fluctuating noise levels 10 2.2.5 Test conditions . 10 2.2.6 Precision . 10 2.3 Sound-pressure level measurements 10 2.4 Sound-power level determination for equipment 10 2.4.1 The small source method 14 2.4.2 The large source m

23、ethod . 17 2.4.3 The sound intensity method . 22 2.4.4 Special techniques for the determination of sound-power level . 25 2.5 Modifications to these procedures. 28 2.6 Test reporting 29 3. Calculation methods and procedures . 31 3.1 General calculations . 31 3.1.1 General . 31 3.1.2 Addition/subtrac

24、tion of sound-pressure levels or sound-power levels. 31 3.1.3 Calculation of mean sound-pressure level 31 3.1.4 Correction for background noise . 32 3.1.5 A-weighting . 33 3.1.6 Calculation of equivalent continuous sound level 33 3.2 Calculation of sound-power level 33 3.2.1 Small-sound method. 33 3

25、.2.2 Large-sound method . 34 3.2.3 Correction for semi-reverberant test environment 36 3.2.4 Calculation of sound-power from sound intensity measurements 38 3.2.5 Calculation of soundpower level from vibration measurements . 38 3.2.6 Calculation of the sound-power level of linear sources . 39 3.2.7

26、Calculation of sound-power at a fan intake or discharge 39 3.2.8 Calculations of directivity index 40 3.3 Calculation of sound-pressure levels from sound-power levels . 41 3.3.1 Aspects of sound prorogation . 41 3.3.2 Estimation of noise levels within plant area . 44 3.3.3 Estimation of noise levels

27、 at remote areas . 44 4. Noise limits for complete plant 47 4.1 Broad-band noise . 47 4.2 Modifications for narrow-band or impulsive noise . 47 EEMUA Publication 140 Noise procedure Specification EEMUA vi 5. Equipment noise limits 49 5.1 Contractors specifications . 49 5.2 Locations for limits . 49

28、5.3 Equipment components . 49 5.4 Noise control . 49 5.5 Narrow-band and impulsive noise . 49 5.6 Fluctuating or intermittent noise 49 5.7 Special limits . 50 6. Acceptance testing . 51 6.1 Noise levels . 51 6.1.1 General . 51 6.1.2 Work area noise . 51 6.1.3 Neighbourhood noise 51 6.2 Equipment sou

29、nd-power levels 51 Appendix A Correction for a reverberant test environment 53 Appendix B Vibration measurements using a sound-level meter 55 B1 The radiation efficiency of a randomly vibrating plate 55 B2 Calibration and measurements . 56 B2.1 The measurement of vibratory velocity 56 B2.2 The measu

30、rement of vibratory-velocity level 57 Appendix C Determining sound-power levels of complete plants . 59 C1 Contour measurement at ground level 60 C2 Measurements on an enveloping surface . 61 Appendix D Model formats for specifying noise limits 63 D1 Noise limits for complete plant . 63 D1.1 Plant a

31、pplication . 63 D1.2 Overriding limits . 63 D1.3 Limits for broad-band noise 63 D1.4 Modifications for narrow-band or impulsive noise 63 D1.5 Tabulation of noise limits for complete plant . 65 D2 Equipment noise limits 66 D2.1 Application of noise limits 66 D2.2 Requirements . 67 D2.3 Noise limits 6

32、7 D2.4 Information to be provided by the vendor 68 Appendix E Narrow-band noise . 71 E1 General 71 E2 Application . 71 E2.1 Octave-band level method 71 E2.2 Narrow-band analysis method . 72 E2.3 No external masking noise . 73 Appendix F The calculation of neighbourhood noise 75 F1 Sound-power level

33、at a point in the neighbourhood . 75 F1.1 Air absorption . 75 F1.2 Ground effects 75 F1.3 Screens 76 Appendix G The directivity index for large sources . 77 References . 79 Bibliography . 81 EEMUA Publication 140 Noise procedure Specification EEMUA vii Figures Figure 1 Flow chart for determination o

34、f sound-power level 13 Figure 2 Small-source method 16 Figure 3 Large source method - continued in Figure 4 18 Figure 4 Large-source method: with evenly distributed radiation . 19 Figure 5 Flow chart showing the most appropriate international Standards for determining sound power levels 23 Figure 6

35、Linear sources: typical measuring positions 27 Figure 7 Addition and subtraction of sound levels 32 Figure 8 Correction E3 for a conformal surface from a cuboid 36 Figure 9 Correction for semi-reverberant test environment . 37 Figure 10 Determining sound-pressure levels in a semi-reverberant room 43

36、 Figure 11 Estimation of sound-pressure level near large sources . 43 Figure 12 Determination of correction E2 for reverberation environment . 54 Figure 13 Ground effects: minimal screening 59 Figure 14 Ground effects: significant screening . 59 Figure 15 Audibility threshold of pure tone above 1 Hz

37、 spectrum . 71 Figure 16 Attenuation factor, K (dB) 76 Figure 17 Plan of large source showing directivity indices . 77 Tables Table 1 Addition of sound power levels 31 Table 2 Correction of background noise 33 Table 3 A-weighting values . 33 Table 4 Near-field correction values . 35 Table 5 Correcti

38、on for near-field error linear sources . 39 Table 6 Correction for near-field error at a distance from source . 40 Table 7 Sound-pressure level limits (dB re 2 x 10-5 N/m) 67 Table 8 Sound-power level limits (dB re 10-12W) . 67 Table 9 Reductions to sound-pressure level limits 67 Table 10 Modified s

39、ound-power level limits . 68 Table 11 Tabulated data to be provided by the Vendor . 69 Table 12 Audible narrow band noise levels . 72 EEMUA Publication 140 Noise procedure Specification EEMUA viii EEMUA Publication 140 Noise procedure Specification EEMUA ix Preface This Specification defines the pro

40、cedures for controlling noise in plant and equipment for use in power generation, petroleum, petrochemical and other industries. It applies both to the design and construction of new plants and to the modification of existing plants where noise reduction is required. Noise control is a continuing pr

41、ocess which starts at the earliest stage of design and carries on throughout the operation of the plant. It is a process which requires close co-operation between the Principal, Contractor and Equipment Vendor as defined in Section 1.2. This Specification deals primarily with the stages up to the co

42、mmissioning of the plant or equipment. However, it is sufficiently comprehensive to provide guidance on noise control during operations, particularly in the diagnosis of sources of neighbourhood nuisance. The acquiring and reporting of noise data in a standard manner is a key feature of design for n

43、oise control and is a field in which there is a need for uniformity. This Specification is therefore intended to provide standard methods in which this can be achieved. Although the measurement and calculation procedures in this Specification are practicable and adequate for use in most cases, speci

44、al situations may be encountered where they cannot be employed precisely as specified. In such cases it may be necessary to modify the procedures. An explanation of the theory and philosophy behind the procedures is therefore included so that a consistency of approach and accuracy can be maintained.

45、 Some special cases of noise-level prediction - particularly indoor situations where enclosures or screens are to be employed - are beyond the scope of this specification, and the methods of calculation described in standard texts should be employed. This guide is the Third Edition of EEMUA Publicat

46、ion 140. The aim of this revision is to make reference to the latest standards and to ensure that the most up to date advice and guidance is given. It describes the principles to be applied in selecting noise limits and gives worked examples of the calculation methods. Chapter 1 defines the scope of

47、 the Specification and the division of responsibilities between the three main parties in a construction project: the Principal, Contractor and Equipment Vendor. In any given project there may be contractual requirements which define in detail the relationship between these parties, particularly wit

48、h reference to performance guarantees, and it is not within the scope of this Specification to provide a precise legal contract for the project. Nevertheless, the general framework given here defines the essential features of any such contract. The notation and terms used in this Specification have

49、been chosen as far as possible to be in accordance with current international practice. Chapter 2 defines the measurement and reporting of equipment noise. Its aim is to specify measuring procedures which can be used in the practical situations encountered in plants and factories. These procedures are based on the use of a precision sound-level meter equipped with octave-band filters and an accelerometer; equipment which could be readily available in plants and factories. They include a correcti