DIN EN 16246-2013 Agricultural machinery - Backhoes - Safety German version EN 16246 2012《农业机械 挖土机 安全性 德文版本EN 16246-2012》.pdf

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1、April 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、65.060.10!$|J“1988939www.din.deDDIN EN 16246Agricultural machinery Backhoes Safety;English version EN 16246:2012,English translation of DIN EN 16246:2013-04Landmaschinen Heckbaggerlader Sicherheit;Englische Fassung EN 16246:2012,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 16246:2013-04Matriel agricole Pelles rt

3、ro Scurit;Version anglaise EN 16246:2012,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16246:2013-04www.beuth.deDocument comprises 31 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.03.13 DIN EN 16246:2013-04 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This stand

4、ard includes safety requirements. This document (EN 16246:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechan

5、ical Engineering Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 060-16-30 AA Einzelthemen of Section Landtechnik. Stakeholders were involved in the development of the standard. This standard contains specifications meeting the essential requirements set out in Annex I of the “Machinery Directive”, Direc

6、tive 2006/42/EC, and which apply to machines that are either first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essential requirements of that directive. The European Standards referred to in Clause 2 and in the Bibliography of

7、the EN have been published as the corresponding DIN EN or DIN EN ISO Standards with the same number. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16246 November 2012 ICS 65.060.10 English Version Agricultural machinery - Backhoes - Safety Matriel agricole - Pelles rtro - Scurit Landmaschinen

8、 - Heckbaggerlader - Sicherheit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 October 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-da

9、te lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation

10、 under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, For

11、mer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT

12、 EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16246:2012: EEN 16246:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introductio

13、n .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .64 List of significant hazards 65 Safety requirements and/or measures . 125.1 General . 125.2 Attachment to tractor prevention of uncontrolled movement 125.3 Controls . 125.3.1 Clearance . 125.3.2 Configuration, functions and marking of t

14、he controls . 125.4 Operators work station . 145.5 Access to the operators work station . 155.6 Electrical equipment . 165.7 Hydraulics 165.7.1 General . 165.7.2 Pump 165.7.3 Fluid reservoir . 165.7.4 Pressure limit valves 165.7.5 Hoses and fittings . 175.7.6 Dimensioning of hydraulic cylinders 175.

15、7.7 Control of movements 175.8 Stability of the tractor backhoe combination 175.8.1 General . 175.8.2 Outriggers 176 Maintenance and repair 187 Verification of the safety requirements or protective measures . 188 Information for use . 188.1 Operators manual 188.2 Marking 19Annex A (informative) Exam

16、ples of a backhoe attachment and safety locking device 21Annex B (informative) Stability of the tractor/backhoe loader combination 24B.1 Effects on the stability . 24B.2 Stability calculations 24B.2.1 Transverse stability 24B.2.2 Longitudinal stability 26Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between t

17、his European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 28Bibliography . 29DIN EN 16246:2013-04 EN 16246:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16246:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretar

18、iat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2013. Attention is drawn to the

19、possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Tr

20、ade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are

21、 bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Por

22、tugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16246:2013-04 EN 16246:2012 (E) 4 Introduction This document is a type-C standard as specified in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and even

23、ts are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. These hazards are specific to hydraulic backhoes. Hazards that are common to all agricultural machines (self-propelled, mounted, semi-mounted and trailed) are dealt with in EN ISO 4254-1. When provisions of this type C standard are differen

24、t from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. DIN EN 16246:2013-04 EN 16246:2012 (E) 5 1 Sc

25、ope This European Standard, when used together with EN ISO 4254-1 and EN 15811, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of hydraulic backhoes mounted to the three point linkage of a tractor. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of haz

26、ards arising from the intended use of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. When requirements of this docume

27、nt are different from those which are stated in EN ISO 4254-1, the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of EN ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this document. This European Standard, taken together with EN ISO 4254

28、-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events (as listed in Table 1) relevant to hydraulic backhoes mounted to the three point linkage of a tractor, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer. This European Standard

29、 is not applicable to lifting operations for the movement of unit loads with hooks or other similar devices. Materials connected with excavation activities are not intended as unit loads and their movement is covered by this standard. This European Standard does not give requirements for quick hitch

30、 devices. NOTE 1 An amendment of EN 474-1 is under preparation to deal with this issue. It will be evaluated for inclusion in this European Standard. NOTE 2 Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in this European Standard. This European Standard is not a

31、pplicable to hydraulic backhoes which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited ap

32、plies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 4254-1:2009, Agricultural machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements (ISO 4254-1:2008) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery General principles for design Risk assessment and r

33、isk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) ISO 3600, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Operators manuals Content and presentation ISO 3767-2, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Symbols for operator controls and ot

34、her displays Part 2: Symbols for agricultural tractors and machinery ISO 3776-1, Tractors and machinery for agriculture Seat belts Part 1: Anchorage location requirements ISO 3776-2, Tractors and machinery for agriculture Seat belts Part 2: Anchorage strength requirements ISO 11684, Tractors, machin

35、ery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles DIN EN 16246:2013-04 EN 16246:2012 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010, EN ISO 4254-1:2009 and t

36、he following apply. NOTE An example of the machine types covered by this standard is illustrated in Annex A. 3.1 rear-mounted hydraulic backhoe machine with hydraulically powered arms mounted to the rear three point linkage of the tractor, used with an attachment for various operations, such as exca

37、vating, elevating, swinging, discharging 3.2 primary loading arm loading arm located between the frame of the machine and the secondary arm 3.3 secondary loading arm loading arm located between the primary loading arm and the attachment 3.4 telescopic arm arm capable of being extended in a longitudi

38、nal direction 3.5 swing pivot device which pivotally connects the frame with the primary loading arm, in order to let it swing about a vertical axis 3.6 outriggers device to keep the machine stable on the ground when the backhoe is in use 3.7 side shifting device to allow horizontal movement within

39、limits of the backhoe swing pivot 3.8 attachment tool or interchangeable equipment that can be attached to the secondary loading arm, such as a bucket or an inverted bucket, as indicated by the manufacturer 3.9 inverted bucket rearward facing bucket for the excavating, elevating, swinging and discha

40、rging of the material 4 List of significant hazards Table 1 gives the significant hazard(s), the significant hazardous situation(s) and hazardous event(s) covered by this standard that have been identified by risk assessment as being significant for this type of machine, and which require specific a

41、ction by the designer or manufacturer to eliminate or to reduce the risk. Attention is drawn to the necessity to identify any additional significant hazards associated with a specific machine and to provide suitable safety measures. Such additional safety measures are not dealt with by this standard

42、. DIN EN 16246:2013-04 EN 16246:2012 (E) 7 Table 1 List of significant hazards associated with hydraulic backhoes No.aHazard Hazardous situation and event Clauses/subclauses of EN ISO 4254-1:2009 Clause/subclause of this standard A.1 Mechanical hazard A.1.1 Crushing hazard Controls Boarding means Pl

43、atforms Working tools Service/maintenance Shearing/pinching points Moving the machine Stability Mounting of machines 4.4.3; 5.1.3.2; 5.1.8; 6.1 4.5.1.1.2; 4.5.1.2.5; 4.5.2; 4.6 6.4 4.7 4.14.6 5.1.2.3 5.1.4 5.2 6.2 6.2.2; 6.2.3; 6.3 5.3.1 5.1, 5.5 5.1, 5.4 5.7.1 6 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 A.1.2 Shearing hazar

44、d Controls Boarding means Platforms Working tools Service/maintenance Shearing/pinching points Moving the machine Stability Mounting of machines 4.4.3; 5.1.3.2; 5.1.8; 6.1 4.5.1.1.2; 4.5.1.2.5; 4.5.2; 4.6 6.4 4.7 4.14.6 5.1.2.3 5.1.4 5.2 6.2 6.2.2; 6.2.3; 6.3 5.3.1 5.1, 5.5 5.1, 5.4 5.7.1 6 5.1 5.2

45、5.2 5.2 A.1.6 Impact hazard Boarding means 4.5.1.2.5 5.1, 5.4, 5.5 A.1.8 Friction or abrasion hazard Controls Electrical equipment Boarding means 4.4.3; 5.1.3.2 4.9.1 4.5.1.1.2 5.3.1 5.6 5.4, 5.5 A.1.9 High-pressure fluid injection or ejection hazard Hydraulic components 4.10; 6.5 5.7 A.2 Electrical

46、 hazards A.2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) Electrical equipment 4.9; 5.3; 6.5 5.6 A.2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) Electrical equipment 4.9.1 - DIN EN 16246:2013-04 EN 16246:2012 (E) 8 No.aHazard Hazardous s

47、ituation and event Clauses/subclauses of EN ISO 4254-1:2009 Clause/subclause of this standard A.2.3 Approach to live parts under high voltage Overhead power lines 8.1.3 8.1 A.2.4 Thermal radiation or other phenomena such as the projection of molten particles and chemical effects from short circuits,

48、 overloads, etc. Electrical equipment 4.9.2; 5.3.1 5.6 A.3 Thermal hazards Burns, scalds and other injuries by possible contact of persons with objects or materials with an extreme high or low temperature, by flames or explosions and also by the radiation of heat sources Operating fluids Cab material Hot surfaces 4.12 5.1.6 5.5 5.7 A.4 Hazards generated by noise Hearing loss