DIN 45669-2-2005 Measurement of vibration immission - Part 2 Measuring method《振动影响的测量 第2部分 测量方法》.pdf

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1、 DEUTSCHE NORM June 2005DIN 45669-2 ICS 17.160 Supersedes DIN 45669-2:1995-06 Measurement of vibration immission Part 2: Measuring method Messung von Schwingungsimmissionen Teil 2: Messverfahren Document comprises 20 pagesTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst. In case of doubt, the German-language origi

2、nal should be consulted as the authoritative text. No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission of DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). English price gro

3、up 11 www.din.de www.beuth.de !,jV8“05.06 9715121DIN 45669-2:2005-06 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Measuring equipment5 5 Measurement conditions 6 5.1 Points of measurement .6 5.2 Directions of measurement 7 5.3 Mounting transducers .7 6 Me

4、asurement procedure 14 6.1 Measurement time 14 6.2 Evaluation time and period 14 6.3 Testing measuring equipment. 14 6.4 Influence factors . 14 7 Interferences . 16 7.1 Possible sources of interference 16 7.2 Measures for reducing the effects of interferences 16 8 Instrument errors and errors due to

5、 mounting 17 8.1 Errors of the vibration measuring equipment .17 8.2 Errors due to transducer mounting 18 8.3 Errors due to cable connections. 18 8.4 Errors due to other factors 18 9 Test report . 19 Bibliography. 20 DIN 45669-2:2005-06 3 Foreword This standard has been prepared by Joint Committee N

6、ALS/VDI C 9 Messung von Schwingungsimmissionen of the Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engineering Standards Committee) of DIN and VDI. The amendments to the June 1995 edition had been published as the draft standard DIN 45669-2/A1:

7、2004-05. Amendments This standard differs from the June 1995 edition as follows. a) Several methods of mounting transducers on the ground are now specified, the choice of which is at the discretion of the user. b) DIN 45669-3 is referred to as regards the verification of measuring equipment. c) Norm

8、ative references have been updated and a bibliography has been added. Previous editions DIN 45669-2: 1984-01, 1995-06 1 Scope This standard specifies a method of measuring vibration using the instrumentation specified in DIN 45669-1. It gives general criteria for selecting the points and directions

9、of measurement, and principles of vibration measurement in accordance with noise and vibration control regulations. The results of measurements performed in accordance with this standard may be used to evaluate the effects of vibration on buildings and on humans in buildings, as described in DIN 415

10、0-1, DIN 4150-2, DIN 4150-3, ISO 2631-1, ISO 2631-2 and VDI 2057 Part 1. 2 Normative references This standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the titles of the publication

11、s are listed below. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including any amendments). DIN

12、 4150-1, Structural vibration Part 1: Prediction of vibration parameters DIN 4150-2, Structural vibration Part 2: Effects on humans in buildings DIN 4150-3, Structural vibration Part 3: Effects on structures DIN 45669-1, Mechanical vibration and shock measurement Part 1: Measuring equipment DIN 4566

13、9-2:2005-06 4 DIN 45669-3, Mechanical vibration and shock measurement Part 3: Verification (calibration and assessment) of measuring equipment Initial (type) testing, verification, intermediate testing, functional in-situ checks*) DIN ISO 2768-1, General tolerances Tolerances for linear and angular

14、dimensions without individual tolerance indications DIN ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometers ISO 2631-1, Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements ISO 2631-2, Mechanical vibration and sho

15、ck Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 2: Vibration in buildings (1 Hz to 80 Hz) VDI 2057 Part 1, Human exposure to mechanical vibrations Whole-body vibration 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 object of mea

16、surement the object on which vibration is measured EXAMPLE Floor of a building. 3.2 point of measurement point on the object of measurement at which the transducer is placed or fixed 3.3 mounting means of placing or fixing a transducer on or to the object of measurement 3.4 contact resonance resonan

17、ce occurring in the contact region of the transducer/object of measurement system when excited by the eigenfrequency(ies) of the system, as a result of the localized elasticity of the system 3.5 vibration source vibration excitation source(s) that causes vibration in the object of measurement, which

18、 is to be measured in accordance with noise and vibration control regulations 3.6 sources of interference interferences, such as spurious signals, which have an effect on the object of measurement or transducer, thus influencing the output signals in an undesirable manner NOTE See figure 3. *) At dr

19、aft stage. DIN 45669-2:2005-06 5 3.7 measurement time the time of day the vibration is measured by the transducer, as determined by the start and stop times (e.g. 6:00 am to 10:00 pm) NOTE The measurement time can also be described by the start time and measurement period. 3.8 measurement period the

20、 length of time (between the start and stop times) during which the measurement takes place (i.e. 16 hours) NOTE As a rule, the measurement period is shorter than the evaluation period. 3.9 evaluation time the time of day, determined by the start and stop times, to which the actual vibration values

21、relate NOTE 1 The evaluation time can also be described by the start time and measurement period. NOTE 2 The evaluation time depends on the purpose of the evaluation, and is different for a) objects with a recuperative capacity (e.g. humans) and b) objects without a recuperative capacity (e.g. build

22、ings). 3.10 evaluation period the length of time during which the vibration being measured actually has an effect on humans or structures 3.11 error (of measurement) for the purposes of this standard, an error occurring as a result of the interaction of influence factors which are described in and f

23、or which tolerances are specified in DIN 45669-1, any interferences, and the effects of the transducer mounting NOTE See also DIN 1319-3. EXAMPLE Contact resonances; see clause 7 for further information on interferences. 3.12 measurement conditions conditions relevant to vibration emission, i.e. tho

24、se at the vibration source, the points and directions of measurement, the transducer mounting, as well as external influence factors, including interferences, which could have an effect on the results obtained during measurement 4 Measuring equipment The measuring equipment (vibration meter) specifi

25、ed in DIN 45669-1, as well as any necessary data recording and storage devices, shall be used for vibration measurements as in this standard. The configuration of the measuring system shall be selected to suit the application. If equipment other than that specified in DIN 45669-1 is used, any deviat

26、ions from the instrument characteristics specified therein shall be noted in the test report and taken into account in evaluations. DIN 45669-2:2005-06 6 5 Measurement conditions 5.1 Points of measurement 5.1.1 General The points of measurement shall be selected to suit the measurement purpose. As a

27、 rule, measurements shall be taken at the following locations: for evaluating the effect of vibration on buildings: the building foundation, structural components in upper storeys, and any other components which may be affected by vibration (e.g. floors, walls); for evaluating the effect of vibratio

28、n on humans in buildings: floors of several storeys (see DIN 4150-2); for assessing the potential effect of vibration on structures not yet built: the subsoil, and, possibly, the foundations of neighbouring buildings. For larger structures, simultaneous measurements are to be made at several locatio

29、ns in some cases, e.g. when measuring shock caused by blasting. 5.1.2 Points of measurement on foundations To measure vibration in a building foundation, the transducer shall be placed either on the foundation itself or on structural masonry (e.g. reveals of basement windows or stairs on the foundat

30、ion). Loose or hollow components (e.g. loose steps or hollow slabs) are not suitable locations. The transducer shall not be placed more than 0,5 m above the ground surface. Preferably, measurements are to be made on the outside of the foundation, in the area nearest the vibration source. 5.1.3 Point

31、s of measurement on upper storeys To measure vibration in building components such as walls and floors, transducers shall be placed where the strongest vibration is expected. Experience has shown that, in floors, the strongest vertical vibration occurs at the centre; in floors with strong joists, th

32、e strongest vibration can also occur between joists. The floor design and any structural loadbearing partitions are to be taken into consideration when selecting the measurement point. Vibration measured directly on the floor (e.g. on screed or slabs) may be influenced by floor resonances and theref

33、ore should not always be included in evaluations. In walls, the strongest transverse vibration in the horizontal direction usually occurs dead centre, i.e. where the diagonals of the wall surfaces intersect. When measuring horizontal vibration, transducers in upper storeys should be placed near load

34、bearing walls, or in window or door reveals. 5.1.4 Points of measurement on the ground Measurements are taken on or in the ground near the vibration source and along the propagation path particularly for prognosis purposes, and when assessing the potential effect of vibration on structures not yet b

35、uilt on the ground of the building site. When determining emission values for the vibration source, the points of measurement should be near the source at a specified distance (e.g. 8 m from the nearest track when measuring railway vibration) and at a sufficient distance from mass anomalies (i.e. a

36、distance equal to at least 1,5 times the largest dimension of the anomaly). If there are mass anomalies or soil layers with greatly varying soil characteristics between the source and receiver, the vibration at the receiver could be lower than would be the case with undisturbed propagation, due to d

37、iffraction and reflections caused by the anomaly. DIN 45669-2:2005-06 7 Because building foundations and shafts reflect vibration, excessive vibration amplitudes will be measured at points near such bodies. NOTE It should be noted that concrete blocks or pavement laid by slurrying also act as mass a

38、nomalies and could lead to errors of measurement. When carrying out measurements on the ground, the transducer should be mounted as specified in sub-clause 5.3.4 and the errors described in subclause 8.2.3 shall be taken into consideration. 5.2 Directions of measurement Where vibration in buildings

39、is measured along the vertical axis, z, and in two horizontal axes, x and y, which are at right angles to each other, the horizontal axes should be parallel to the main axis of the building. The x-axis should point in the direction of the vibration source. NOTE The specifications of DIN 45672-1, whi

40、ch deviate from the above requirements, should also be considered. 5.3 Mounting transducers 5.3.1 General Transducers shall be mounted in such a manner that the measurement result is not unduly affected within the operating frequency range of the measuring equipment. Mounting on hard surfaces is to

41、be given preference over mounting on soft surfaces because, in the latter case, it is difficult to ascertain whether the transducer, mounting device and object of measurement are firmly coupled. Transducers may be mounted with or without the use of a mounting device. In either case, the following re

42、quirements are to be met in order to ensure that the measurement result will not be affected by the transducer mounting: The transducer, mounting device and object of measurement shall be firmly coupled. This will usually prevent any contact resonance within the operating frequency range and thus en

43、sures the transducer remains firmly in place. The mounting device shall not generate any resonance within the operating frequency range. These requirements apply for all directions of measurement. Table 1 gives methods of mounting transducers on horizontal surfaces in buildings. When mounting on wal

44、ls, table 1 applies by analogy. DIN 45669-2:2005-06 8 Table 1 Overview of methods of mounting transducers on horizontal surfaces in buildings Surface type Examples Transducer mounted using When measuring horizontal vibration, suitable for frequencies Hard surfaces a thin plate having a threaded hole

45、, fixed by means of strong adhesive, cement or studs Robust materials Masonry, un-covered floors a mounting device with rounded feet as in figure 1 b) under 40 Hz only thin double-sided adhesive tape, or mounting device with rounded feet as in figure 1 b) under 40 Hz only Sensitive materials Tiles,

46、parquet, coated screed beeswax generally under 80 Hz Surfaces with a resilient cover Thin covers Needle felt, unplasticized PVC a mounting device with spiked tempered steel feet as in figure 1 a) generally under 40 Hz Thick covers Velours, with plasticized PVC backing a mounting device with spiked t

47、empered steel feet as in figure 1 a) generally under 40 Hz In all cases, the mounting instructions provided by the transducer manufacturer are to be complied with and DIN ISO 5348 consulted. 5.3.2 Mounting on hard surfaces 5.3.2.1 Vertical direction of measurement When transducers, with or without a

48、 mounting device as in figure 1 b), are loosely placed on hard surfaces (i.e. without attachment), the requirements specified above regarding contact resonance are usually met within frequency ranges up to 100 Hz and measurement results are accurate. Hard surfaces include the building foundation, wa

49、lls, pavement, machine surfaces, hard floors, and window or door reveals. The transducer usually remains firmly in place as long as the peak acceleration values are not greater than 3 m/s2in all directions of measurement, in which case the transducer and any mounting device used may be placed without attachment. However, if higher acceleration values are expected, the transducer or mounting device (without feet) is to be attached to the surface by means of adhesives, mounting studs, cement, etc. Sometimes using only beeswax will be sufficie