CEN TR 614-3-2010 Safety of machinery - Part 3 Ergonomic principles for the design of mobile machinery《机械安全-第3部分 人体工程学原理设计的移动机器》.pdf
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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPD CEN/TR 614-3:2010Safety of machineryPart 3: Ergonomic principles for the designof mobile machineryPD CEN/TR 614-3:2010 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Docume
2、nt is the UK implementation of CEN/TR614-3:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PH/9, Applied ergonomics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the n
3、ecessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 70698 1ICS 13.110; 13.180Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Str
4、ategy Committee on 31 December 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPD CEN/TR 614-3:2010TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 614-3 November 2010 ICS 13.110 English Version Safety of machinery - Part 3: Ergonomic principles for the design of mobile machin
5、ery Scurit des machines - Partie 3: Principes ergonomiques pour la conception de machines mobiles Sicherheit von Maschinen - Teil 3: Ergonomische Grundstze fr die Gestaltung von mobilen Maschinen This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 23 August 2010. It has been drawn up by the Technical Commi
6、ttee CEN/TC 122. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, S
7、lovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldw
8、ide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 614-3:2010: EPD CEN/TR 614-3:2010CEN/TR 614-3:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .51 Scope 62 Terms and definitions .63 General design principles .83.1 General 83.2 Ergonomic design principles concerning anthropometry and biomechanics 83.3 E
9、rgonomic design principles concerning work tasks .83.4 Accessible design for people with special requirements .84 Design of workplaces 84.1 General 84.2 Workspace 94.2.1 General 94.2.2 Leg space .94.2.3 Work space height considerations for seated positions .94.2.4 Work space height considerations fo
10、r standing positions .94.2.5 Arm space and reach envelopes 94.2.6 Field of vision to displays and control actuators .94.3 Seated operator . 104.3.1 Seat design and adjustment 104.3.2 Seat suspension . 114.4 Standing operator . 114.5 Access system design . 114.5.1 General . 114.5.2 Stairs and ladders
11、 . 124.5.3 Handrails 134.5.4 Access path . 135 Design of signals, displays and control actuators 135.1 General . 135.2 Functions . 145.2.1 General . 145.2.2 Graphical symbols 145.3 Signals and displays 145.3.1 General . 145.3.2 Visual signals and displays . 145.3.3 Auditory signals 155.3.4 Tactile d
12、isplays/controls 155.4 Control actuators 155.4.1 General . 155.4.2 Position of control actuators . 165.4.3 Direction of motion . 165.4.4 Operating force . 175.4.5 Reaction time (speed) control system 175.4.6 Accuracy 186 Mental workload 187 Visibility . 187.1 General . 187.2 Visibility conditions to
13、 the outside . 18PD CEN/TR 614-3:2010CEN/TR 614-3:2010 (E) 3 7.3 Mirrors and other visibility aids . 197.4 Windows . 198 Environmental factors . 208.1 General . 208.2 Lighting. 208.2.1 Integral lighting 208.2.2 Working lights 208.3 Thermal environment 208.3.1 General . 208.3.2 Optimal thermal condit
14、ions 218.3.3 Closed cabin 218.4 Ventilation 218.5 Noise . 218.6 Vibration . 228.6.1 Exposure to vibration 228.6.2 Reduction of vibration effects 229 Information for use 23Annex A (informative) Method for assessing the level of visibility . 24A.1 General . 24A.2 Defining the necessary level of visibi
15、lity 24A.3 Checking the minimum visibility . 24Annex B (informative) Method for assessing vibration 25B.1 Method for the determination of whole-body vibration emission 25B.2 Method for testing suspension seats 25Bibliography 26PD CEN/TR 614-3:2010CEN/TR 614-3:2010 (E) 4 Foreword This document (CEN/T
16、R 614-3:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identify
17、ing any or all such patent rights. During the development of this document the Technical Committee has referred to the recommendations made within CEN/CENELEC Guide 6 to address the specific needs of older persons and persons with disabilities. CEN/TR 614-3:2010 contains the following annexes: Annex
18、 A (informative) Method for assessing the level of visibility Annex B (informative) Method for assessing vibration PD CEN/TR 614-3:2010CEN/TR 614-3:2010 (E) 5 Introduction Mobile machinery considering ergonomic design principles enhances safety, effectiveness and efficiency, improve human working co
19、nditions, and counteract adverse effects on human health and performance. Good ergonomic design therefore exerts a favourable influence on the whole work system, and on the reliability of the human being within it. In this Technical Report the term ergonomics refers to a multidisciplinary field of s
20、cience and its application. Applying ergonomics to the design of operators station and/or workplaces considering the elements of the work system ensures that human capabilities, skills, limitations and needs are taken into account. This Technical Report deals with common aspects for the ergonomics d
21、esign principles of mobile machinery. This Technical Report contains different types of information to be considered and used when designing the ergonomics aspects of a mobile machinery. Some clauses provide general guidance to be considered in the design of mobile machinery. Other clauses include m
22、ore specific design guidance and requirements relevant to current technology. PD CEN/TR 614-3:2010CEN/TR 614-3:2010 (E) 6 1 Scope This Technical Report establishes the ergonomic principles to be followed during the design process of mobile machinery with special emphasis on the aspects in which mobi
23、le machinery differs from static machinery. The ergonomic design principles given in this Technical Report apply to either or both seated and standing positions. This Technical Report is applicable for the design of mobile (self-propelled and towable) machines in order to ensure ergonomic working co
24、nditions for the operator. This Technical Report applies only to driving and operating mobile machinery and not to performing other tasks (e.g. sorters on a potato harvesting machine). Pedestrian-controlled and handheld machinery are not included. This Technical Report also applies to vehicle-mounte
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