CEN TR 15729-2010 Plastics piping systems - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) - Report on the determination of mean abrasion a.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPD CEN/TR 15729:2010Plastics piping systems Glass-reinforced thermosettingplastics (GRP) based onunsaturated polyesterresin (UP) Report on thedetermination of meanabrasion after

2、a definednumber of test cyclesPD CEN/TR 15729:2010 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR15729:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/88/2, Plastics piping for pressure applications.A list of organiz

3、ations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 60021 0ICS 23.040.20Compliance with a British Standard cann

4、ot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPD CEN/TR 15729:2010TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR

5、 15729 August 2010 ICS 23.040.20 English Version Plastics piping systems - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) - Report on the determination of mean abrasion after a defined number of test cycles Systmes de canalisations en plastique - Plastiques t

6、hermodurcissables renforcs par du verre (PRV) base dersine de polyester non satur (UP) - Rapport sur la dtermination de labrasion moyenne aprs un nombre dfini de cycles dessai Kunststoff-Rohrleitungssysteme - Glasfaserverstrkte duroplastische Kunststoffe (GFK) auf der Grundlage ungesttigten Polyeste

7、rharzes (UP) - Bericht ber die Bestimmung des mittleren Abriebs nach einer festgelegten Anzahl von Durchlufen This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 26 June 2010. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 155. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulg

8、aria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR

9、 STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 15729:2010: EPD CEN/TR 15729:2010CEN/TR 15

10、729:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction . 41 Scope 52 Terms and definitions . 53 Principle . 54 Apparatus. 65 Abrasive . 66 Test-pieces 77 Conditioning 78 Procedure. 79 Evaluation 910 Test report 9Bibliography 11PD CEN/TR 15729:2010CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TR 1

11、5729:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 155 “Plastics piping systems and ducting systems”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be

12、 held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. PD CEN/TR 15729:2010CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 4 Introduction The procedure described in this Technical Report is intended to be used as a means of assessing and comparing the performance of GRP pipes after being subject to a specified regi

13、me of abrasion. The main difference between this regime and other similar procedures is the use of a graded man-made abrasive, Corundum. The specification of the abrasive, ISO 8486-1, specifies the designation and determination of grain size distribution of fused aluminium oxide, silicon carbide and

14、 other abrasive materials for bonded abrasives and for general industrial applications. This document, which is indispensable for the application of the proposal, is an ISO standard, which is recognised by the abrasive manufacturing industry throughout the world. The use of corundum addresses some o

15、f the vital issues for abrasion testing, namely particle shape or structure by being a man-made material with consistent chemical formulation and fracture characteristics. The abrasive to be used, i.e. corundum, a crystalline oxide of aluminium that has crystallized in a Trigonal system, may not be

16、similar to some materials found in sewer piping systems but is used because of its availability world-wide and thereby ensures the consistency of the abrasive used in the test. The test is not intended to simulate any particular conditions in piping systems for which pipes conforming to EN 14364 are

17、 intended to be used but is merely intended to be a reproducible test procedure for use in a testing laboratory that can be used to provide data for the assessment of abrasion resistance. GRP pipes complying with EN 14364 have not been found to be susceptible to abrasion in typical sewerage or drain

18、age applications. In the small number of situations where abrasion has been found to be a problem the conditions on site are found to be unusual and also difficult to reproduce in a laboratory and this leads to major difficulties in correlating the performance in the laboratory with those existing o

19、n such sites. Data is not currently available which shows a definite relationship between the test and actual pipe operation. However data obtained from this test could be used to establish the relationship if it exists. With the limited amount of testing already carried out it is considered that th

20、ere is an improvement in repeatability of the test compared to DIN 19565-1 (no longer published) and testing is continuing to confirm these early findings. PD CEN/TR 15729:2010CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This Technical Report describes a method for determining the mean abrasion of the inner surf

21、ace of glass-reinforced thermosetting polyester resin (GRP) pipes conforming to EN 14364, measured after a defined number of test cycles of a specified water/abrasive mixture. NOTE The test is performed on a semi-circular channel-pipe test-piece. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this docu

22、ment, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 abrasion a reduction in wall thickness, along the test length at the invert of the channel-pipe test-piece, caused by the test piece being abraded by abrasive during a number of test cycles NOTE It is expressed in millimetres (see Clause 9). 2.2 a

23、brasive particles of a specified inorganic material (i.e. corundum), which is used for abrading the inner surface of the test-piece 2.3 corundum crystalline oxide of aluminium (Al2O3), that has crystallized in a Trigonal system NOTE Corundum has a hardness which is next to diamond, which accounts fo

24、r its use as an abrasive. 2.4 mean abrasion ameanmean value of the set of data recording the reduction in wall thickness at predefined points along the test length at the invert of the channel test-piece NOTE It is expressed in millimetres (see Clause 9). 2.5 test cycle cycle which is a double trave

25、rse of the abrasive along the test length at the invert of the test piece, caused by the test piece covering an angle from either + 22,5 to - 22,5 or - 22,5 to + 22,5 and then returning to the starting position NOTE See Figure 1. 3 Principle A semi-circular channel pipe, with a length of (1 000 10)

26、mm, is closed at its ends by end plates to form watertight seals. The test piece is filled with a specified water/corundum mixture and then covered with a plate. The channel-pipe test-piece is tilted alternately with a uniform rate in the longitudinal direction, covering an angle from either + 22,5

27、to - 22,5 or - 22,5 to + 22,5 and then returning to the starting position thereby completing a test cycle (see 2.5 and Figure 1). During each tilt the abrasive slides from one end of the test-PD CEN/TR 15729:2010CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 6 piece to the other over the channels inner surface at the invert

28、 and thereby causes wear on the inner surface (see Figure 1). After 50 000 cycles the tilting is interrupted, the water and abrasive is removed and measurements are taken over the central 700 mm of the invert at 20 mm intervals to determine the amount of wear which has occurred. The test-piece is th

29、en refilled with a fresh abrasive charge and clean water to continue the test a further number of cycles until a total of 200 000 cycles (see 8.3.2) is completed. NOTE It is assumed that the following test parameters are set by the standard or specification making reference to this Technical Report:

30、 a) conditioning temperature and period; see Clause 7; b) number of cycles, if required; see 8.3.2 and item h) of Clause 10. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Tilting frame. The frame should be capable of holding a test piece in a fixed position for the duration of test and tilting the test piece through a 45 arc at

31、a uniform rate of (10 2) cycles per minute (see 2.5). The frame should allow adjustments to be made to the speed of cycling and angle of tilt, to achieve and maintain the requirements of the test procedure. An example of a tilting frame with a test-piece fixed in position is shown in Figure 1. The t

32、ilting frame should incorporate equipment capable of: a) recording the number of cycles elapsed for the duration of the test; and b) stop the test after a preset number of cycles. 4.2 Measuring equipment. Device capable of determining changes to the inner surface of the test-piece, with an accuracy

33、of 0,02 mm or better, along the invert at equidistant intervals not greater than 20 mm. The device should position the test piece at the same location for each series of measurements. If the test-piece is clamped into the measuring device small deformations or horizontal deviations may occur, which

34、are of the same magnitude as the change in thickness. Such effects will therefore affect the accuracy of the measurement. In order to minimize these influences, reference points should be incorporated on both pipe spigots. Such reference points can be achieved by gluing thin hard metal strips, which

35、 are not susceptible to wear (e.g. knife blades), on the inner surface of the test-piece before starting the test procedure. Both reference points enable the pipe test-piece to be fixed in the measuring equipment at the same position, thereby minimizing potential measurement errors. 4.3 Weighing equ

36、ipment. Equipment capable of determining the mass of abrasive material, with an accuracy of 0,02 kg or better. 5 Abrasive To help ensure the reproducibility of test results a man-made abrasive, corundum, should be used. The material should conform to Grade F4 of ISO 8486-1:1996. The corundum grade F

37、4 when tested in accordance with ISO 8486-1:1996 should have a particle size distribution conforming to Table 1 and a bulk density between 1,5 g/cm3 and 1,7 g/cm3. PD CEN/TR 15729:2010CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 7 Table 1 Particle size distribution of Grade F4 Sieve 1 Sieve 2 Sieve 3 Sieve 4 Sieve 5 Mesh

38、size mm Residual mass, Q1/m-% Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q2/m-% Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q3/m-% Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q3+Q4/m-% Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q5/m-% 8 0 5,6 20 4,75 40 4 70 3,35 3 6 Test-pieces 6.1 Geometry Test pieces should be obtained from GRP pipes, having a nominal size

39、between DN 300 and DN 600 inclusive, conforming to EN 14364. The test piece should be a semi-circular channel pipe with a length of (1 000 10) mm. Prior to the test the test-pieces length, inside diameter and wall-thickness should be determined to an accuracy of 0,5 mm. 6.2 Number of test-pieces For

40、 each test use one test-piece. 7 Conditioning If applicable, condition the test piece in accordance with the referring standard. Unless otherwise specified the test piece should be kept for at least 16 h at the ambient test temperature before commencing the test. The test and measurements should be

41、performed at the ambient temperature 5 C. 8 Procedure 8.1 Determination of dimensions Determine and record the geometrical characteristics of the test piece in accordance with 6.1 and the referring standard. For reference purposes, measure the distance from the measurement plane to the invert surfac

42、e at at least 35 measuring points, using an appropriate measuring device with an accuracy of 0,02 mm, along the invert of the sample in equidistant intervals not greater than 20 mm. A distance of 150 mm from both ends of the test piece should be disregarded for the evaluation so as to avoid errors a

43、rising from the non-standard flow of the abrasive at these locations. Record the obtained values. 8.2 Assembling and filling 8.2.1 Position the tilting frame so that the test piece is horizontal (see Figure 1). Remove the lid covering the test-piece. 8.2.2 The corundum and water quantities should co

44、nform to Table 2. 8.2.3 Weigh the required amount of corundum and place evenly along the invert of the test piece. PD CEN/TR 15729:2010CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 8 8.2.4 Add the required amount of water so that the depth of water and corundum is (38 2) mm. 8.2.5 Replace the lid over the test-piece. Table

45、 2 Pipe diameter dependent corundum and water quantities Internal diameter mm Corundum F4kg Width of water surface, W mm 300 5,1 203 3 350 5,5 222 3 400 5,8 235 3 500 6,5 265 3 600 7,1 292 3 8.3 Abrading 8.3.1 With a rate of tilting of (10 2) cycles per minute (see 2.5), alternately tilt the test-pi

46、ece with uniform speed in the longitudinal direction, covering an angle from either + 22,5 to - 22,5 or - 22,5 to + 22,5 and then return to the starting position, which in each case is a total of 90 to the horizontal axis per test cycle (see 2.5 and Figure 1). NOTE During each tilt the abrasive slid

47、es from one end of the test-piece to the other over the inner surface at the invert and thereby causes wear on the inner surface (see Figure 1). 8.3.2 After a total of 50 000, 100 000, 150 000 and 200 000 cycles, respectively, stop the test, remove the water and abrasive and demount the test piece f

48、rom the tilting frame and clean. 8.3.3 Dry the test piece with a towel and then mount in a measurement reference frame and take measurements over the central 700 mm of the invert at equidistant intervals, not greater than 20 mm at the same positions as the previous measurements, to determine the amo

49、unt of wear which has occurred. Inspect the test-piece and record any signs of damage such as pitting, cracks, delaminations, etc. of the test piece, and whether they are or not within the previously defined measuring points. 8.3.4 Determine the mean abrasion, mean,c, for the number of cycles completed, c, using the procedure described in Clause 9. 8.3.5 Unless a total of 200 000 cycles, has been reached, reassemble the test piece in the tilting frame and then