CEN TR 14748-2004 Non-destructive testing - Methodology for qualification of nondestructive tests《无损检测 无损检测的鉴定方法》.pdf

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1、PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CEN/TR 14748:2004 Non-destructive testing Methodology for qualification of non-destructive tests ICS 19.100 PD CEN/TR 14748:2004 This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 22 November 2004 BSI 22 November 2004 ISB

2、N 0 580 44828 2 National foreword This Published Document is the official English language version of CEN/TR 14748:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/46, Non-destructive testing, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented

3、on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by

4、 using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immuni

5、ty from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them i

6、n the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the CEN/TR title page, pages 2 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication A

7、md. No. Date CommentsTECHNICALREPORT RAPPORTTECHNIQUE TECHNISCHERBERICHT CEN/TR14748 October2004 ICS19.100 Englishversion NondestructivetestingMethodologyforqualificationofnon destructivetests EssainondestructifMthodologiepourlaqualificationdes mthodesdessaisnondestructifs ZerstrungsfreiePrfungVorge

8、hensweisezur QualifizierungvonzerstrungsfreienPrfungen ThisTechnicalReportwasapprovedbyCENon27September2004.IthasbeendrawnupbytheTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC138. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,I

9、reland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrights

10、ofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.CEN/TR14748:2004:E/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 2 Contents Foreword3 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 General principles8 5 Qualification phases, steps and responsibilities .8 Annex A (informat

11、ive) Elements of NDT qualification process .14 A.1 Practical assessment 14 A.2 Technical justification .14 A.3 Qualification of NDT procedure15 A.4 Training of NDT personnel15 A.5 Qualification feedback 15 Annex B (informative) Input information to be made available prior to NDT qualification.16 PDC

12、EN/TR14748:2004/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TR 14748:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. PDCEN/TR14748:2004/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 4 Introduction Nondestructive tests (NDT) are typically

13、one of a great number of activities within the quality assurance at manufacture or during maintenance of industrial products, where the objective is to ensure a defined or agreed product quality. This is especially the case if the non-destructive tests are carried out according to standards or other

14、 accepted technical codes. Qualification of a non-destructive test may be necessary in the case of non standardised NDT or if the NDT does not fully comply with the appropriate standard to ensure a defined or agreed product-quality. The objective of qualification is to provide confidence in the non-

15、destructive test itself and also in its continued performance. Non- destructive tests, however, will not in themselves provide statements on product safety or on the lifetime of a product. Qualification should also be considered when there are reasons to provide additional assurance that the NDT can

16、 meet the inspection requirements. PDCEN/TR14748:2004/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 5 1 Scope This document sets out basic principles and provides recommendations and general guidelines for carrying out qualification of non-destructive tests. The document deals with methods for qualifying non-destructive tes

17、ts to determine whether they are capable of attaining their objectives. It applies to all aspects of tests which influence their effectiveness. The parties involved decide in their own responsibility on the need for a qualification of a non-destructive test. This includes identification of the quali

18、fication-team and its technical competence. There may be a need for qualification when there is a deviation from a European NDT Standard, or when new techniques or methods are to be implemented for which there are no European Standards. Where there is a European NDT Standard which applies, there is

19、no need for qualification. Table 1 summarises when qualification is required. PDCEN/TR14748:2004/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 6 Table 1 Need for qualification A European Standard (EN) exists and applies There is a deviationfrom EN New technique New method No qualification Qualification dealing with the devi

20、ation effect Qualification This document is relevant to any non-destructive testing method and is therefore written in general terms, setting out the principles that apply. It does not, in itself, constitute a specification for NDT qualification for a specific component but is intended to be used as

21、 a basis for development of such specifications. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an

22、y amendments) applies. EN 473, Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel - General principles 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 blind trial trial in which those applying the non-destructive test t

23、o test pieces have no knowledge of the position of the discontinuities in those test pieces (Type and orientation according to the NDT procedure) 3.2 essential parameters parameters of the non-destructive tests, of the component and of the discontinuities that the test is intended to detect or to si

24、ze, which significantly affect the outcome of the test; the boundaries between which these parameters can vary without significantly affecting the test are specified in the technical justification and/or NDT procedure as appropriate 3.3 NDT equipment means by which NDT is implemented. This includes

25、both hardware and software 3.4 NDT method discipline applying a physical principle in non-destructive testing (for example: eddy current test method) 3.5 NDT procedure written description of how to apply a NDT technique to a specific test, including all essential parameters and precautions to be obs

26、erved. An NDT procedure can involve the application of more than one NDT method or technique PDCEN/TR14748:2004/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 7 3.6 NDT qualification confirmation by examination and/or provision of objective evidence that the particular requirements for a specific use of NDT are fulfilled. ND

27、T qualification is one part of the whole qualification process 3.7 NDT system all parts of the non-destructive test including equipment, NDT procedure and personnel, which can influence the outcome and quality of the NDT 3.8 NDT technique specific way in which the NDT method is utilised NOTE For ult

28、rasonic testing it may include, for example, pulse echo, tandem, TOFD, focused probes and so on, or the combination of these which has been adopted. 3.9 open trial trial in which those applying the non-destructive test to test pieces have specific knowledge of the discontinuities in those test piece

29、s 3.10 parties involved parties involved are usually producer, supplier and/or purchaser who take responsibility for an industrial product during manufacturing and/or service. In some cases, it may also include manufacturer, user, design department, regulatory body, notified body, and/or third party

30、 body 3.11 physical reasoning compilation of the detailed reasons for the selection of a particular non-destructive test 3.12 practical assessment assessment of a non-destructive test by applying it to test pieces or to components containing natural defects 3.13 qualification dossier assembly of all

31、 the information relevant to the qualification process 3.14 qualification process process of demonstrating whether a specific NDT application is capable of fulfilling specific requirements 3.15 qualification programme orderly list of actions to be carried out for the NDT qualification 3.16 qualifica

32、tion statement document issued under the rules of a qualification system indicating that adequate confidence is provided that NDT procedures, equipment and personnel or any combination of these are capable, for a specific test, of achieving the stated objectives of the test 3.17 qualification team p

33、erson(s) that plan, conduct and accept NDT qualification, who are technically competent and acceptable to the parties involved. The need for the qualification team to be separate from the parties involved is a matter to be agreed by those involved PDCEN/TR14748:2004/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 8 3.18 techn

34、ical justification collection of all the information which provides evidence about the capability of an NDT technique as applied to a specific component NOTE: It may include, for example, physical reasoning, mathematical modelling, results from test piece trials, field NDT results or experimental st

35、udies as appropriate. 3.19 test piece example or a simulation of the component for which the non-destructive test is to be qualified which will, as appropriate, replicate size, geometry, material properties and defective condition(s) to be encountered on site. 4 General principles Qualification of a

36、 non-destructive test may require assessment of an NDT system, composed of any combination of NDT procedure, equipment and specific training of personnel. This qualification consists of one of the following items: a) practical assessment (blind or open trial) conducted on the component or simplified

37、 or representative test pieces resembling the component to be inspected; b) technical justification, which involves assembling all evidence on the effectiveness of the test including previous experience of its application, experimental studies, mathematical modelling, physical reasoning etc; c) appr

38、opriate mix of practical assessment and technical justification. The appropriate mix of the above sources of evidence has to be judged separately for each particular case. The use of technical justification should reduce practical assessment exercises. In some cases, it may be possible to qualify ND

39、T without any practical trials. Further information on the concepts of practical assessment and technical justification is given in Annex A. 5 Qualification phases, steps and responsibilities The qualification phases, steps and responsibilities, which may be taken to qualify NDT, are shown in Table

40、2. The table also gives a reference to the relevant subclauses of this document that deal in more detail with each of the steps. Within each of the five qualification phases, Table 2 does not necessarily indicate the order in which the steps are taken. PDCEN/TR14748:2004/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 9 Table

41、 2: Qualification phases, steps and responsibilities Phase Step-N Responsibility Reference Phase 1: Prior to NDT qualification Subclause 5.1 Make available all required input information concerning component, relevant discontinuities, specific NDT objectives 1 Parties involved subclause 5.1 Define t

42、he NDT qualification objectives and which kind of results the qualification is aimed at 2 Parties involved subclause 5.1 Define the field of application of the NDT qualification, e.g. oil industry, power industry, etc 3 Parties involved subclause 5.1 Identify the qualification team 4 Parties involve

43、d subclause 5.1 Prepare the draft NDT procedure to be qualified, if necessary Assemble the input data for the technical justification as appropriate 5 Parties involved, qualification team as appropriate subclause 5.1 Phase 2: Planning of NDT qualification Subclause 5.2 Prepare the qualification prog

44、ramme 6 Qualification team subclause 5.2 Agree on qualification programme 7 Parties involved, qualification team as appropriate subclause 5.2 Phase 3: Conducting NDT qualification Subclause 5.3 Conduct qualification programme 8 Qualification team subclause 5.3.1 Record the results and other addition

45、al information during qualification process 9 Qualification team subclause 5.3.1.1 Evaluate the qualification results 10 Qualification team subclauses 5.3.1.2, 5.3.1.5, 5.3.1.8, 5.3.1.9 Compile NDT qualification dossier which has to discuss and to point out, whether the requirements on the objective

46、s of the NDT qualification are met 11 Qualification team subclause 5.3.2 Phase 4: Acceptance/Rejection of NDT qualification Subclause 5.4 Accept/reject NDT qualification 12 Parties involved, qualification team as appropriate subclause 5.4 Define and/or confirm the required competence of personnel us

47、ing the qualified NDT. Training may be established 13 Parties involved, qualification team as appropriate subclause 5.4.1.5 Phase 5: Implementation of qualified NDT Subclause 5.5 Based on the final NDT qualification dossier, establish and/or confirm the qualified NDT procedure 14 Parties involved, q

48、ualification team as appropriate subclauses 5.4.1, 5.5.1 Finalize qualification dossier 15 Parties involved, qualification team as appropriate subclause 5.5.1 Maintain and update the qualification dossier 16 Parties involved subclauses 5.5.2, 5.4.1.4 PDCEN/TR14748:2004/NECTR :84741( 4002E) 10 5.1 Ph

49、ase 1: Prior to NDT qualification Prior to the start of NDT qualification all necessary input information for the qualification shall be made available. These input data are typically: a) objectives of the qualification exercise, which include a description of what this qualification is intended to achieve and the reasons for this; b) f