BS ISO 12480-3-2016 Cranes Safe use Tower cranes《起重机 安全使用 塔式起重机》.pdf

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1、BS ISO 12480-3:2016Cranes Safe usePart 3: Tower cranesBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 12480-3:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 12480-3:2016.The UK participation in its preparation was e

2、ntrusted to Technical Committee MHE/3/5, Mobile cranes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The Bri

3、tish Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 92757 7 ICS 53.020.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 Au

4、gust 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 12480-3:2016 ISO 2016Cranes Safe use Part 3: Tower cranesAppareils de levage charge suspendue Scurit demploi Partie 3: Grues tourINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO12480-3Second edition2016-08-15Reference numberISO 1248

5、0-3:2016(E)BS ISO 12480-3:2016ISO 12480-3:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic

6、or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Gene

7、va, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 12480-3:2016ISO 12480-3:2016(E)Foreword vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Management of the lifting operation . 24.1 Safety system work . 24.2 Control of the crane operation 24.3

8、 Contractual considerations 25 Selection, responsibilities and minimum requirements of personnel 25.1 General . 25.2 Duties of the person appointed to control the crane operation (the appointed person) . 25.3 Crane operator 25.4 Slinger . 35.5 Signaller 35.6 Crane erector 35.7 Maintenance personnel

9、. 35.8 Inspection personnel/crane inspector (for “routine periodic inspection”) . 35.8.1 Duties . 35.8.2 Minimum requirements . 45.9 Crane co-ordinator 45.9.1 Duties . 45.9.2 Minimum provisions 45.10 Crane erection supervisor . 45.10.1 Duties . 45.10.2 Minimum provisions 55.11 Other particulars . 56

10、 Safety 56.1 General . 56.2 Identification of person directing crane movements . 56.3 Personal safety equipment . 56.4 Use of personal safety equipment 56.5 Access 66.5.1 General 66.5.2 Boarding and leaving the crane 66.5.3 Instruction of personnel 66.5.4 Jib and counter jib access . 66.5.5 Cab safe

11、ty . 66.6 Fire extinguishers . 76.7 Documentation . 76.8 Crane operators aids . 76.9 Other safety provisions 76.9.1 Lightning protection . 76.9.2 Ballast 86.9.3 Alarms . 86.9.4 Signboards . 87 Selection of tower cranes . 88 Siting of cranes . 98.1 General . 98.2 Crane standing or support conditions

12、98.2.1 General 98.2.2 Tower crane foundations 98.3 Proximity hazards . 10 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 12480-3:2016ISO 12480-3:2016(E)9 Erecting, dismantling and alteration of height 109.1 Planning . 109.2 Identification of components 119.3 Electrical supply 119.4 Personnel 11

13、9.5 Control . 129.6 Inspection before erection . 129.7 Weather 129.8 Manufacturers erection, alteration of height and dismantling instructions .129.9 Tower crane climbing . 129.9.1 General. 129.9.2 Planning the climbing operation . 139.9.3 Appointed person 139.9.4 Erection supervisor 139.9.5 Re-comm

14、issioning the crane upon completion of the climbing operation 149.10 Components and materials . 149.10.1 Interchangeability of components .149.10.2 Materials 1410 Procedures and precautions .1510.1 Crane operation . 1510.2 Working on cranes 1510.2.1 General. 1510.2.2 Permit to work system .1510.2.3

15、Periodic checks .1510.2.4 Regular inspections 1510.2.5 Condition monitoring .1510.3 Reporting of defects and incidents . 1510.4 Leaving the crane . 1510.5 Working at heights 1611 Operating conditions 1611.1 Rated capacity . 1611.2 Operation and control 1611.3 Handling of loads near persons . 1611.4

16、Multiple lifting 1611.5 Special duties . 1611.5.1 General. 1611.5.2 Grabbing and magnet crane service .1611.5.3 Demolition and other special operations 1611.6 Weather conditions 1711.6.1 General. 1711.6.2 Wind 1711.6.3 Visibility 1711.6.4 Rain, snow or ice .1711.6.5 Inspection following adverse weat

17、her conditions .1712 Slinging and handling of loads 1713 Raising and lowering of persons .1714 Tests, inspections and condition monitoring 1814.1 General 1814.2 Age and utilization 1814.3 Personnel safety 1815 Signalling systems 1815.1 General 1815.2 Radio communications . 19Annex A (normative) Requ

18、irements for provision of working space limiters and anti-collision devices .20iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 12480-3:2016ISO 12480-3:2016(E)Annex B (informative) Tower crane climbing operations .24 ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 12480-3:2016ISO 12480-3:2016(E)ForewordISO (the Internati

19、onal Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been

20、 established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standa

21、rdization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordanc

22、e with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

23、any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorseme

24、nt.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlThe c

25、ommittee responsible for this document is ISO/TC ISO/TC 96, Cranes, Subcommittee SC 7, Tower cranes.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12480-3:2005), of which it constitutes a minor revision. Notably, “driver” has been replaced by “operator” throughout the text.ISO 12480

26、 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cranes Safe use: Part 1: General Part 3: Tower cranesvi ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 12480-3:2016INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12480-3:2016(E)Cranes Safe use Part 3: Tower cranes1 ScopeThis part of ISO 12480 establishes required practices

27、for the safe use of tower cranes. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 12480-1.Subjects covered include safe systems of work, management, planning, selection, erection and dismantling, special base, operation and maintenance of cranes and the selection of operators, slingers and signall

28、ers.It does not cover manually (non-powered) operated cranes, or cranes in which at least one of its motions is manually operated.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated refer

29、ences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 4306-1, Cranes Vocabulary Part 1: GeneralISO 4306-3, Cranes Vocabulary Part 3: Tower cranesISO 9926-1, Cranes Training of drivers Part 1: GeneralISO 992

30、6-3, Cranes Training of operators Part 3: Tower cranesISO 9927-1, Cranes Inspections Part 1: GeneralISO 9927-3:2005, Cranes Inspections Part 3: Tower cranesISO 11660-3, Cranes Access, guards and restraints Part 3: Tower cranesISO 12480-1:1997, Cranes Safe use Part 1: GeneralISO 12482, Cranes Monitor

31、ing for crane design working period3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12480-1, ISO 4306-1, ISO 4306-3 and the following apply.3.1working space limiterdevice to prevent a fixed load lifting attachment and/or parts of the crane from enterin

32、g a prohibited spaceNote 1 to entry: Working space limitation is often achieved by a combination of different limiters. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 12480-3:2016ISO 12480-3:2016(E)4 Management of the lifting operation4.1 Safety system workISO 12480-1 shall apply.In addition, the following co

33、nsiderations shall be taken into account.On sites where there is more than one tower crane, which are not equipped with anti-collision devices, and there is a possibility of collision between cranes, a person, designated as the crane co-ordinator (see 5.9), and the crane operator shall coordinate th

34、e sequence of crane movements to prevent collisions. Any corresponding instructions from the crane co-ordinator to the crane operators shall be via the respective signallers. In such circumstances the signallers shall obtain the agreement of the crane co-ordinator before carrying out any operation.W

35、here tower cranes inter-arc, a vertical distance shall be maintained to prevent collisions. This distance shall be eithera) a minimum clearance of 3 m, orb) a minimum clearance of 600 mm when taking into account the manufacturers deflections, only when full details are available from the manufacture

36、r.The positioning of the crane and components in the out-of-service condition, as specified by the manufacturers instructions, shall be such that no collisions can take place see 10.4 b).Cranes should, where possible, be sited such that collision hazards are eliminated or minimised.4.2 Control of th

37、e crane operationISO 12480-1:1997, 4.2, shall apply.4.3 Contractual considerationsIt is unlikely that tower cranes will be used in “contract operation” (i.e. where an “employing organisation” enters into a contract with a “user organisation” that will undertake the work on their behalf).If required,

38、 ISO 12480-1:1997, 4.3, shall apply.5 Selection, responsibilities and minimum requirements of personnel5.1 GeneralISO 12480-1:1997, 5.1, shall apply.5.2 Duties of the person appointed to control the crane operation (the appointed person)ISO 12480-1:1997, 5.2, shall apply.In the interests of safety t

39、he appointed person shall arrange the lifting programme such that no operator has to be in attendance at the control station or actually operating the crane for an unreasonably long period, taking into account environmental conditions. The operator shall have breaks from the working activity in line

40、 with other personnel on the site.5.3 Crane operatorISO 12480-1:1997, 5.3.1 and 5.3.2, shall apply.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 12480-3:2016ISO 12480-3:2016(E)When selecting tower crane operators, it shall be borne in mind that they may be required to climb to considerable heights and to spe

41、nd long periods of time in isolation.ISO 9926-1 and ISO 9926-3 specify the minimum training to be given to trainee tower cranes operators in order to develop the operational basic skill in driving and to impart the requisite knowledge for the correct use of these skills.5.4 SlingerISO 12480-1:1997,

42、5.4, shall apply.5.5 SignallerISO 12480-1:1997, 5.5, shall apply.5.6 Crane erectorISO 12480-1:1997, 5.6, shall apply.In addition, the crane erectors should bea) fully conversant with the appropriate sections of the manufacturers instruction manual, andb) familiar with all aspects of their personal p

43、rotective equipment and capable of using it correctly.5.7 Maintenance personnelISO 12480-1:1997, 5.7, shall apply.In addition, the maintenance personnel shall bea) fully conversant with the appropriate sections of the manufacturers instruction manual,b) familiar with the “permit to work” system wher

44、e it is required by the safe system of work (see ISO 12480-1:1997, 10.2.2), and able to operate it correctly;c) familiar with all aspects of their personal protective equipment and capable of using it correctly.5.8 Inspection personnel/crane inspector (for “routine periodic inspection”)5.8.1 DutiesT

45、he inspection personnel/crane inspector shalla) verify that the documentation is available, the crane is erected according to manufacturers instructions, there is no defect or deterioration on the steel structure, mechanisms (brakes), or the control system, all mechanisms (brakes) are functioning pr

46、operly all limiting and indicating devices are functioning properly, and ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 12480-3:2016ISO 12480-3:2016(E)b) give a report of the inspection to the appointed person.5.8.2 Minimum requirementsThe inspection personnel/crane inspector shall bea) competent for the type

47、 of inspection being carried out,b) able to work confidently and safely at heights,c) conversant with the legislation relative to the crane,d) conversant with the use of a crane, ande) capable of verifying and recognizing the importance of defects.For non-routine inspection (e.g. first use inspectio

48、n, inspection after major repair or modification, special assessment) an expert engineer is required. See ISO 9927-1, ISO 12482.5.9 Crane co-ordinator5.9.1 DutiesThe crane co-ordinator should coordinate the sequence of operations of tower cranes on sites having more than one crane, to prevent the co

49、llision of the cranes, components and/or loads.5.9.2 Minimum provisionsThe crane co-ordinator should bea) competent,b) over 21 years of age unless under the direct supervision of a person competent for the purposes of training,c) fit, with particular regard to eyesight, hearing, reflexes and agility,d) experienced for at least five years in the use of tower cranes,e) trained in the techniques of signalling and with a good understanding of hand signals for cranes,f) capable of giving p