BS EN ISO 15620-2000 Welding - Friction welding of metallic materials《焊接 金属材料摩擦焊接》.pdf

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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 15620:2000 The

2、European Standard EN ISO 15620:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.160.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Welding Friction welding of metallic materialsThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Commit

3、tee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 2000 BSI 09-2000 ISBN 0 580 34699 4 BS EN ISO 15620:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version

4、 of EN ISO 15620:2000. It is identical with ISO 15620:2000. It supersedes BS 6223:1990 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/41, Friction welding, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the resp

5、onsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on r

6、equest to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these international o

7、r European publications may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a c

8、ontract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 37 and a b

9、ack cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.EUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO15620 July2000 ICS25.160.00 Englishversion WeldingFrictionweldingofmetallicmaterials(ISO 15620:2000) SoudageSoudageparfrictiondesmatriauxmtal

10、liques (ISO15620:2000) SchweienReibschweienvonmetallischenWerkstoffen (ISO15620:2000) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon10March2000. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalte

11、ration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmember

12、intoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKin

13、gdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG CentralSecretariat:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2000CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO15620:2000EPage2 ENISO15620:2000 Contents Page

14、Foreword. 3 Introduction. 4 1 Scope 4 2 Normativereferences 4 3 T e r m s a n d d e f i n i t i o n s 5 4 W e l d i n g k n o w l e d g e 7 4.1 Process. 7 4.2 Materialsandmaterialcombinations. 1 0 4 . 3 F r i c t i o n w e l d i n g m a c h i n e s 1 0 5 Q u a l i t y r e q u i r e m e n t s . 1 2 5

15、.1 General . 1 2 5.2 Preweldingconditions 1 2 5 . 3 P o s t w e l d i n g t r e a t m e n t. 1 3 5 . 4 Q u a l i t y a s s u r a n c e 1 3 6 W e l d i n g p r o c e d u r e s p e c i f i c a t i o n ( W P S ) 1 4 6.1 General . 1 4 6.2 Informationrelatedtothemanufacturer 1 4 6 . 3 I n f o r m a t i o

16、 n r e l a t e d t o t h e m a t e r i a l 1 4 6 . 4 W e l d i n g p a r a m e t e r s 1 4 6.5Joint.15 6.6 Optionaldevices. 1 5 7 W e l d i n g p r o c e d u r e a p p r o v a l . 1 5 7.1 Principles 15 7.2 Weldingproceduretests. 1 5 7.3 Weldingprocedureapprovalrecord(WPAR). 1 9 7 . 4 P r e v i o u s

17、 e x p e r i e n c e 1 9 7.5 Circumstancesmandatingrequalification . 1 9 7 . 6 M a c h i n e s p e c i f i c n a t u r e o f a W P S 1 9 7.7 Requalificationprocedurerequirements 1 9 8 Weldingpersonnel 19 8.1 Frictionweldingmachineoperator 1 9 8 . 2 F r i c t i o n w e l d i n g m a c h i n e s e t t

18、 e r 1 9 8.3 Weldingcoordinationpersonnel(supervisor). 2 0 AnnexA (informative) R e l a t i o n s h i p o f w e l d i n g p a r a m e t e r s . 2 1 AnnexB (informative)Additionalprocessesbasedonfriction 23 AnnexC (informative) M a t e r i a l c o m b i n a t i o n s w e l d a b l e b y f r i c t i o

19、 n w e l d i n g . 2 5 AnnexD (informative)Guidelinesforqualityassurance . 26 AnnexE (informative) E x a m i n a t i o n a n d t e s t 2 7 AnnexF (informative) M a n u f a c t u r e r s f r i c t i o n w e l d i n g p r o c e d u r e s p e c i f i c a t i o n ( W P S ) 2 9 AnnexG (informative)Charac

20、teristicsoffrictionweldedcomponents 31 AnnexH (informative) W e l d i n g p r o c e d u r e a p p r o v a l r e c o r d f o r m ( W P A R ). 3 5 AnnexZA (informative)ClausesofthisEuropeanStandardaddressing essentialrequirementsorotherprovisionsofEUDirectives . 38Page3 ENISO15620:2000 Foreword Thetex

21、tofENISO15620:2000hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC121“Welding“,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyDS,incollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC44“Weldingandallied processes“. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltext orbyendorsement,atthel

22、atestbyJanuary2001,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthe latestbyJanuary2001. ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeenpreparedunderamandategiventoCENbytheEuropeanCommissionand theEuropeanFreeTradeAssociation,andsupportsessentialrequirementsofEUDirective(s). ForrelationshipwithEUDirective(s),seeinf

23、ormativeAnnexZA,whichisanintegralpartofthisstandard. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Ne

24、therlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden, SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.Page4 ENISO15620:2000 Introduction Frictionweldingisamethodformakingweldsinthesolidphaseinwhichonecomponentismovedrelativeto andinpressurecontactwiththematingcomponenttoproduceheatatthefayingsurfaces,theweldbeing completedbytheap

25、plicationofaforceduringorafterthecessationofrelativemotion.Thereareseveralformsof supplyingenergyandvariousformsofrelativemovements. Thegenerationoffrictionheatingresultsinacomparativelylowjoiningtemperatureattheinterface.Thisis largelythereasonwhyfrictionweldingissuitableformaterialsandmaterialcomb

26、inationswhichareotherwise difficulttoweld.Theweldregionisgenerallynarrowandnormallyhasarefinedmicrostructure. Whilstthefrictionweldingprocessdealsprimarilywithcomponentsofcircularcrosssectionitdoesnotpreclude thejoiningofothercomponentshapes. 1 Scope Thisstandardspecifiesrequirementsforthefrictionwe

27、ldingofcomponentsmanufacturedfrommetals. Itspecifiesrequirementsparticulartorotationalfrictionweldingrelatedtoweldingknowledge,quality requirements,weldingprocedurespecification,weldingprocedureapprovalandweldingpersonnel. Thisstandardisappropriatewhereacontract,anapplicationstandardorregulatoryrequ

28、irementrequiresthe demonstrationofthe manufacturerscapabilitytoproduceweldedconstructionsofaspecifiedquality.Ithas beenpreparedinacomprehensivemannertobeusedasareferenceincontracts.Therequirementsgivenmay beadoptedinfullorsomemaybedeleted,ifnotrelevanttotheconstructionconcerned. 2 Normativereference

29、s ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardon

30、lywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN1289 NondestructiveexaminationofweldsPenetranttestingofweldsAcceptancelevels EN1290 NondestructiveexaminationofweldsMagneticparticleexaminationofwelds EN1711 Non

31、destructiveexaminationofweldsEddycurrentexaminationofweldsbycomplexplaneanalysis ENISO4063 Weldingandalliedprocesses Nomenclatureofprocessesandreferencenumbers(ISO4063:1998)Page5 ENISO15620:2000 3 Termsanddefinitions Forthepurposesofthisstandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1 axialforce A

32、xialforcebetweencomponentstobewelded. 3.2 axialpressure Pressure(forceperunitarea)onthefayingsurfaces. 3.3 burnofflength Lossoflengthinthefrictionphase. 3.4 burnoffrate Therateofshorteningofthecomponentsduringapplicationof thefrictionforce. 3.5 component Asingleitembeforewelding. 3.6 componentinduce

33、dbraking Reductioninrotationalspeedresultingfromfrictionbetweentheinterfaces. 3.7 contactforce Axialforceoncontactofcomponents. 3.8 contacttorque Reactiontorqueafterfrictionstart. 3.9 externalbraking Externalbrakingreducingtherotationalspeed. 3.10 fayingsurface Asurfaceofonecomponentthatistobeincont

34、actwithasurfaceofanothercomponenttoformajoint. 3.11 forgeforce Theforceappliednormaltothefayingsurfacesatthetimewhenrelativemovementbetweenthecomponentsis ceasingorhasceased. 3.12 forgelength Theamountbywhichtheoveralllengthofthecomponentsisreducedduringtheapplicationoftheforgeforce. 3.13 forgephase

35、 Inthefrictionweldingcycletheintervalbetweenthestartandfinishofapplicationoftheforgeforce. 3.14 forgepressure Thepressure(forceperunitarea)onthefayingsurfacesresultingfromtheaxialforgeforce. 3.15 forgerate Therateofshorteningofthecomponentsduringtheapplication offorgeforce. 3.16 forgetime Thetimefor

36、whichtheforgeforceisappliedtothecomponents. 3.17 frictionforce(s) Theforce(s)appliednormaltothefayingsurfacesduringthetimethatthereisrelativemovementbetweenthe components. 3.18 frictionphase Inthefrictionweldingcycletheintervalinwhichtheheatnecessaryformakingaweldisgeneratedbyrelative motionandthefr

37、ictionforce(s)betweenthecomponents,i.e.fromcontactofcomponentstothestartof deceleration.Page6 ENISO15620:2000 3.19 frictionpressure(s) Thepressure(s)(forceperunitarea)onthefayingsurfacesresultingfromtheaxialfrictionforce. 3.20 frictiontime Thetimeduringwhichrelativemovementbetweenthecomponentstakesp

38、laceatrotationalspeedandunder applicationofthefrictionforce(s). 3.21 interface Thecontactareadevelopedbetweenthefayingsurfacesaftercompletionoftheweldingoperation. 3.22 lengthallowance Extramaterialtoallowforlossoflength. 3.23 overhang Thedistanceacomponentprojectsfromthefixture,orchuckinthedirectio

39、nofthematingcomponent. 3.24 peripherialvelocity Velocityofouterdiameteroffayingsurfacestobewelded. 3.25 rotationalspeed Revolutionsperminuteofrotatingcomponent. 3.26 stoppingphase Inthefrictionweldingcycletheintervalinwhichtherelativemotionofthecomponentsisdeceleratedtozero. 3.27 stoppingtime Thetim

40、erequiredbythemovingcomponenttodeceleratefromfrictionspeedtozerospeed. 3.28 torquecurve Torquecharacteristicbetweenthetwointerfacesbasedontime(contact,equilibrium,finaltorque). 3.29 totallengthloss(upset) Thelossoflengththatoccursasaresultoffrictionwelding,i.e.thesumoftheburnofflengthandtheforge len

41、gth. 3.30 totalweldtime Timeelapsedbetweencomponentcontactandendofforgingphase. 3.31 upsetmetal(flash) Parentmetalproudofthenormalsurfacesoftheweldmentasaresultoffrictionwelding. 3.32 weldcrosssection Theareastobewelded. 3.33 weldingcycle Thesuccessionofoperationseffectedbythemachineformakingaweldme

42、ntandthereturntotheinitialposition (excludingcomponenthandlingoperations). 3.34 weldment Twoormorecomponentsjoinedbywelding. 3.35 pressurecontactarea Thesurfacecontactareaofthecomponentsthroughwhichtheforceistransmitted.Page7 ENISO15620:2000 4 Weldingknowledge 4.1 Process Theclassificationoffriction

43、weldingprocessesarelistedintable1. Table1Classificationoffrictionweldingprocesses Frictionwelding Relativemotionclassification Energyclassification Continuousdrive Storedenergy Theprocessvariantwhere powerorenergyisprovi dedbyaninfiniteduration sourceandmaintainedfor apresetperiod Theprocessvariantw

44、he retheenergyforwelding issuppliedbythekinetic energystoredinarotating systemorfluidstorage system Hybridsystem Combiningsomefeaturesofbothmethods Rotational Linear reciprocation Angular oscillation Orbital Amethodinwhichone componentisrotatedrela tivetoandincontactwith thematingfaceofanother componentor components. Amethodinwhichone componentismovedina linearoscillatingmotion relativetoandincontact withthematingfaceof anothercomponent. Amethodinwhichone componentismovedinan angularoscillatingmotion aboutacommoncompo nentaxi