BS EN 1746-1999 Safety of machinery - Guidance for the drafting of the noise clauses of safety standards《机械安全 安全标准噪声条款编写指南》.pdf

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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1746:1999 The Europ

2、ean Standard EN 1746:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.110 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Safety of machinery Guidance for the drafting of the noise clauses of safety standardsBS EN 1746:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the

3、 direction of the Health and Environment Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 February 1999 BSI 02-1999 ISBN 0 580 29686 5 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Standard is

4、the English language version of EN 1746:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics, to Subcommittee EH/1/4, Machinery noise, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee an

5、y enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-reference

6、s The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue

7、. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprise

8、s a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights

9、of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1746:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1746 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM September 1998 ICS 13.110 Descriptors: safety of machinery, accident prevention, acoustics, noise: sound, engine noise, stan

10、dards, specifications, technical writing, standard plans English version Safety of machinery Guidance for the drafting of the noise clauses of safety standards Se curite des machines Guide relatif a l a re daction des articles “bruit” des normes de se curite Sicherheit von Maschinen Anleitung fu r d

11、ie Abfassung der Abschnitte u ber Gera usche in Sicherheitsnormen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 December 1997. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standa

12、rd without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other lan

13、guage made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,

14、 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1746:1998 BSI 02-1999 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 211, Acoustics, the Secretariat of which is held by DS. This European Sta

15、ndard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1999 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1999. This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC

16、211, Acoustics, the Secretariat of which is held by Denmark, as a guidance document to be used by CEN machinery Technical Committees as the basis for the preparation of the clauses concerning noise in their type C-Standards. “Guidance” is used, because the document is a general one and therefore may

17、 not be applicable in all details for a specific type of machinery. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). Several documents concerning noise ref

18、erred to in this European Standard are at the moment at the stages of draft. The latest reference document numbers are given which makes it possible to obtain these documents from a national member body. This European Standard also contains two annexes which are informative. According to the CEN/CEN

19、ELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Sw

20、itzerland and the United Kingdom.Page 3 EN 1746:1998 BSI 02-1999 Introduction For many machines, noise is a significant hazard, i.e. a hazard which an assessment carried out in accordance with EN 1050 has led to identify as being connected with one or more essential requirements decreed in annex I o

21、f the Machinery Directive and which requires a specific action on the part of the manufacturer or supplier (see EN 414:1992, 6.4.2). The information contained in this European Standard is based on the following principles: a) noise reduction is an integral part of machinery safety; and b) machinery

22、must be so designed and constructed that risks resulting from the emission of airborne noise are reduced to the lowest level taking account of technical progress and available means of reducing noise, in particular at source; and c) specific quantitative information on airborne noise emitted by mach

23、inery under specified operating and mounting conditions shall be given in accordance with the relevant noise test code, or, if no test code exists, under specified individual conditions; d) the noise clauses of type C-Standards shall deal with noise emission aspects including residual risk; but info

24、rmation on how the noise emission at the work station can be further reduced, including advice on personal protection equipment, may be helpful. 1 Scope This European Standard gives guidance on how to deal with noise in type C-Standards where noise is identified as a significant hazard (see EN 292-1

25、:1991, 4.5). As such, this European Standard supplements the rules given in EN 414:1992. The exact way that noise is dealt with for a particular type of machinery will depend on the structure of the type C-Standards and is the responsibility of the type C-Standard Technical Committees. 2 Normative r

26、eferences This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any o

27、f these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, me

28、thodology. EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 414:1992, Safety of machinery Rules for the drafting and presentation of safety standards. prEN ISO 3740, Acoustics Determination of sound power lev

29、els of noise sources Guidelines for the use of basic standards (ISO/DIS 3740:1998). prEN ISO 3741, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure Precision methods for reverberation chambers (ISO/DIS 3741.2:1998). EN ISO 3743-1, Determination of sound power level

30、s of noise sources Engineering methods for small, movable sources in reverberant fields Part 1: Comparison method in hard-walled test rooms (ISO 3743-1:1994). EN ISO 3743-2, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources Engineering methods for small, movable sources in reverberant f

31、ields Part 2: Methods for special reverberation test rooms (ISO 3743-2:1994). EN ISO 3744, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994). EN ISO 3746, Acoustics Determination

32、 of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3746:1995). prEN ISO 3747, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure Comparison method for use in situ (ISO/DIS 37

33、47:1998). EN ISO 4871, Acoustics Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996). EN ISO 9614-1, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity Part 1: Measurement at discrete points (ISO 9614-1:1993). EN ISO 9614

34、-2, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity Part 2: Scanning method (ISO 9614-2:1996). EN ISO 11200, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Guidelines for the use of basic standards for the determination of emission sound pressure levels at th

35、e work station and at other specified positions (ISO 11200:1995). EN ISO 11201, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at the work station and at other specified positions Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plan

36、e (ISO 11201:1995). EN ISO 11202, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at the work station and at other specified positions Survey method in situ (ISO 11202:1995).Page 4 EN 1746:1998 BSI 02-1999 1) At the stage of draft EN ISO 11203, Acoust

37、ics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Determination of emission sound pressure levels at the work station and at other specified positions from the sound power level (ISO 11203:1995). EN ISO 11204, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Measurement of emission sound pressure level

38、s at the work station and at other specified positions Method requiring environmental corrections (ISO 11204:1995). EN ISO/TR 11688-1, Acoustics Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995). EN ISO 11689, Acoustics Procedure for the

39、comparison of noise emission data for machinery and equipment (ISO 11689:1996). EN ISO 12001, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Rules for the drafting and presentation of a noise test code (ISO 12001:1996). ISO 3745, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources Pre

40、cision methods for anechoic and semi-anechoic rooms. ISO/TR 11688-2 1) , Acoustics Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design. 3 Requirements for drafting the noise clauses of type C-Standards 3.1 General drafting

41、rules The type C-Standard shall reflect, in accordance with EN 414:1992, 6.8 the application of the strategy defined in EN 292-1:1991, clause 5, Strategy for selecting safety measures, with a view to reducing the noise emission to the lowest level taking account of technical progress and the availab

42、le technical measures for noise control at the source. In addition, in every type C-Standard dealing with noise, there is a need to provide information on how the technical measures can be verified (see EN 414:1992, 6.9). This verification shall be based on noise emission values, see 3.4.1. The info

43、rmation for use of the machinery (see EN 414:1992, 6.10) shall include not only information on noise emission but also sufficient information on additional noise reduction, if necessary. NOTE If, for a particular type of machinery, noise is considered by the relevant type C-Standard Technical Commit

44、tee not to be a significant hazard the following statement should be included in the safety standard. “Noise is not considered to be a significant hazard for these machines. This does not mean that the manufacturer of the machine is absolved from reducing noise and making noise declaration”. The fol

45、lowing rules for the drafting of the noise clauses of a type C-Standard are given in accordance with the structure as laid down in EN 414:1992: list of hazards, see 3.2; safety requirements and/or measures, see 3.3; verification of the effect of the safety measures, see 3.4; information for use, see

46、 3.5. 3.2 Clause on “noise as a hazard” If noise is accepted as a significant hazard (see EN 292-1:1991, 4.5) this shall be stated in the list of hazards and, if appropriate, the hazardous situation. 3.3 Clause on “noise reduction as a safety requirement” 3.3.1 Noise reduction at source by design In

47、 this clause of the type C-Standard, a description shall be given of the internal sound sources of the specific family or group of machinery covered. If applicable, a list of examples of possible technical measures for noise reduction at source may be given. Such a list of measures should be given i

48、n an informative annex. Care must be taken that the technical information given in the list does not discourage innovation with respect to machinery safety. When a list is given, the type C-Standards should state that “this list is not exhaustive, alternative technical measures for noise reduction w

49、ith identical or greater efficacy can be used by a manufacturer”. EN ISO/TR 11688 gives general technical information on widely recognized technical rules and means to design low-noise machinery. The above mentioned list of technical measures for noise reduction at source should be derived from the recommendations given in EN ISO/TR 11688 and the current practice of manufacturers. The criterion for assessing the efficiency of these measures is