BS EN 131-6-2015 Ladders Telescopic ladders《梯子 伸缩梯》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 131-6:2015LaddersPart 6: Telescopic laddersBS EN 131-6:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 131-6:2015.BSI, as a member of CEN, is obliged to publish EN 131-6 as a British Standard. However, attention is drawn to th

2、e fact that during the development of this European Standard, the UK committee voted against its approval as a European Standard.In the opinion of the UK committee the test requirements in EN 131-6 are different and in some cases less demanding than those in EN 131-2. To the user an extended telesco

3、pic ladder and a con-ventional ladder are the same product. However because of the different requirements between EN 131-6 and EN 131-2, a telescopic ladder certified compliant to EN 131 will not have been subjected to the same tests as a conventional ladder similarly certified compliant to EN 131.T

4、he UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/512, Ladders.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible

5、for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 81769 4ICS 97.145Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy

6、and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 131-6 March 2015 ICS 97.145 English Version Ladders - Part 6: Telescopic ladders chelles - Partie 6: chelles tlscopiques Leitern - Te

7、il 6: Teleskopleitern This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 January 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists an

8、d bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the

9、responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugosla

10、v Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE

11、 NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 131-6:2015 EBS EN 131-6:2015EN 131-6:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Forew

12、ord 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Functional dimensions 7 4.1 General dimensions 7 4.2 Specific dimensions 7 5 Requirements .7 5.1 General requirements 7 5.2 Distance between rungs/steps .7 5.3 Additional requirements for the top of leaning ladders .7 5.4 Locking

13、of the rung/step sections .7 5.5 Design .8 6 Testing 8 6.1 General 8 6.2 Drop test .8 6.3 Strength test of stiles 9 6.4 Bending test of the stiles 9 6.5 Lateral deflection test of the ladder 10 6.6 Bottom stile ends test 11 6.7 Rungs/steps strength test . 11 6.7.1 Rungs/steps strength test locked po

14、sition . 11 6.7.2 Rungs/steps strength test unlocked position 12 6.7.3 Torsion test of rungs/steps . 13 6.7.4 Pull out test of rung/step . 13 6.8 Test of opening restraints and hinges of standing ladders . 13 6.9 Test of locking mechanism 14 6.9.1 Cyclic test of locking mechanism . 14 6.9.2 Static t

15、est of locking mechanism 15 6.9.3 Cyclic test of hinge joints 15 6.9.4 Requirements 15 6.10 Feet pull test 16 6.11 Torsion on ladder length 16 6.12 Test methods for plastic ladders 17 6.13 Test methods for plastic rung/step brackets . 17 7 Marking and User Instruction 17 7.1 General . 17 7.2 Marking

16、 17 7.3 User instruction 18 Annex A (normative) Test sequence 19 Annex B (informative) A-deviations 20 B.1 Deviations from the Netherlands 20 B.2 Deviations from Sweden 21 Bibliography . 22 BS EN 131-6:2015EN 131-6:2015 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 131-6:2015) has been prepared by Technical Comm

17、ittee CEN/TC 93 “Ladders”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the lat

18、est by September 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by

19、 the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This European Standard is one of a series about ladders. The other standards of this series are listed in Clause 2 and in the Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

20、 following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherla

21、nds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 131-6:2015EN 131-6:2015 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the general design features, requirements and test methods and defines terms for leaning and standing te

22、lescopic ladders. Ladders with extension elements are not covered by this part of EN 131. This part of the standard is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 131-1:2007+A1:2011, EN 131-2:2010+A1:2012, EN 131-3:2007 and if applicable EN 131-4:2007. 2 Normative references The following documents,

23、in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 131-1:2007+A1:2011, Ladders -

24、 Part 1: Terms, types, functional sizes EN 131-2:2010+A1:2012, Ladders - Part 2: Requirements, testing, marking EN 131-3:2007, Ladders - Part 3: User Instructions EN 131-4:2007, Ladders - Part 4: Single or multiple hinge-joint ladders 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the te

25、rms and definitions given in EN 131-1 and the following apply. 3.1 telescopic ladder ladder consisting of three or more rung/step sections with telescopic stiles Note 1 to entry: Ladders with extension elements like in Figure 1 are not covered by this part of EN 131. BS EN 131-6:2015EN 131-6:2015 (E

26、) 5 Figure 1 Extension elements not covered by this part of EN 131 3.2 hinge-joint telescopic ladder ladder including one or more hinge-joint devices with at least one predetermined lockable position 3.3 rung/step section section of ladder that consists of one rung/step connected to two telescopic s

27、tiles 3.4 rung/step bracket part that attaches the rung/step to the stile 3.5 rung/step section locking mechanism mechanism that locks a rung/step section 3.6 locking indicator mechanism or part that indicates that one rung/step section or part of one rung/step section is locked/unlocked BS EN 131-6

28、:2015EN 131-6:2015 (E) 6 3.7 locking pin part that locks each rung/step section and that is engaged when the locking mechanism is locked 3.8 top bar connection between the upper parts of the two stiles where the distance between the topmost connection and the upper end of the ladder is less than, or

29、 equal to, 15 mm Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. Note 2 to entry: If the distance between the end of the stiles and the upper connection of the two stiles do fulfill the requirement of l3, as defined in EN 131-1:2007+A1:2011, 3.37, it should be considered as a rung/step (see Figure 3). Dimensions in

30、millimetres Figure 2 Top bar Figure 3 Rung/step 3.9 protection against squeezing mechanism or part that minimizes the risk of squeezing when the ladder is shortened Note 1 to entry: For example brake system. 3.10 release function function which releases the locking mechanism 3.11 base section sectio

31、n starting from the lower end of the ladder BS EN 131-6:2015EN 131-6:2015 (E) 7 3.12 ascendable part part of the ascending leg consisting only of fully extended rung/step sections 3.13 storage position position where none of the rung/step sections are extended 4 Functional dimensions 4.1 General dim

32、ensions Dimensions are given in EN 131-1:2007+A1:2011. 4.2 Specific dimensions The inner width b1shall be measured at the upper edge of the shortest rung. The outside width b2shall be measured at the outside of the contact points to the ground. l3shall be minimum 0,5 l5and maximum l5+ 15 mm measured

33、 in the middle line between the stiles. 5 Requirements 5.1 General requirements The drawings in this part of EN 131 are examples only and products do not need to correspond. However, dimensions are binding. For other requirements EN 131-2:2010+A1:2012, Clause 4 requirements apply. 5.2 Distance betwe

34、en rungs/steps When the ladder is in use position the rungs/steps allowed to stand on shall always be equally spaced in accordance with EN 131-1:2007+A1:2011. In the position of use the construction shall not allow different distances between the rungs/steps with a tolerance of 2 mm in the ascendabl

35、e part of the ladder and ensure that the rung/step sections that are not extended shall be stacked on top of the ladder. It shall not be possible for the user to alter these distances without manipulation. 5.3 Additional requirements for the top of leaning ladders The top of the ladder has to be des

36、igned in a way that a 2-point area of contact between the top of the ladder and a vertical plane can be assured. 5.4 Locking of the rung/step sections The ladder has to be designed in way that all extended rung/step sections are locked when the ladder is in the using position. Every rung/step sectio

37、n shall have a locking mechanism for each stile. Each locking mechanism shall visibly indicate whether it is locked or unlocked. NOTE Visible indication can for example be a coloured area or a visible locking pin. BS EN 131-6:2015EN 131-6:2015 (E) 8 It shall be clear if the locking mechanisms are in

38、 locked position or not when visually examining the erected ladder standing in front of the ladder holding on to it. 5.5 Design Screws and nuts shall be secured against loosening, for example by means of self-locking or mechanically locked safety mechanisms. It shall not be possible to separate rung

39、/step sections without using tools. The design shall seek to minimize the existence of shearing and squeeze points and where they do exist to minimize the shearing and squeezing effects as far as practicable. NOTE 1 Shear or squeeze points exist if the distance between two accessible parts relative

40、to each other is less than 25 mm and more than 7 mm in any position during movement (see EN 581-1). The unlocking and sliding in of the ladder shall be possible in a safe way. The ladder shall be designed in a way that squeezing between the rungs/steps is avoided. NOTE 2 Protection against squeezing

41、 can be assured by a permanent braking function of the ladder or by a special stop or distance device. If a permanent breaking function is used a typical time for collapsing a section of 300 mm is 1,5 s if the movement is uniform. If only a distance device is used for protection against squeezing be

42、tween the rung/steps this device shall be located at least 80 mm from the manufacturers recommended position of the users hands during collapse of the ladder. 6 Testing 6.1 General For all tests, unless otherwise stated in the particular test, the following tolerances apply: 1 mm for longitudinal me

43、asurements; 5 mm for the measurement of the distance between the supports and the overhanging length; 1 for the measurement of angles; 1 % for static forces and torque. Tests shall be performed at a temperature between 15 C and 25 C. Where the ascendable side cannot be determined by the construction

44、 of the product, or where it is a multiple part combination ladder, the ladder shall be tested twice regarding 6.3 and 6.4. Conduct strength test and bending test on one side then rotate the ladder 180 about the longitudinal axis and repeat 6.3 and 6.4. Inspect the ladder before testing to confirm c

45、ondition and operation of all parts by fully extend the ladder. Perform drop test according to 6.2 as preconditioning for each ladder, with the exception of test block D (bottom stile end test) and F (feet pull test), see Annex A. 6.2 Drop test Place the extended ladder in vertical position. Let the

46、 ladder fall in the direction of use from vertical to horizontal position by its own weight. Repeat the test with ladder rotated 180 about the longitudinal axis. BS EN 131-6:2015EN 131-6:2015 (E) 9 Bring the ladder back to storage position. 6.3 Strength test of stiles Extend the ladder to its maximu

47、m length. The test shall be carried out on the complete ladder. In the case of combination ladders the test shall be carried out on the complete extended ladder. Sectional ladders shall be tested at full length with all permitted pieces. The test shall be carried out without supporting legs if not p

48、ermanently fixed to the ladder. The ladder shall be placed horizontally on supports situated 200 mm from each end of the ladder. If it is not possible to use the 200 mm distance it is allowed to reduce the distance equally at the top and the bottom. The supports shall be cylindrical with diameters b

49、etween 25 mm and 100 mm and one shall be free to rotate the other shall be fixed. The loads shall be applied on 2/3 of the length between the supports, measured from the support of the base section, and equally to both stiles over a width of 100 mm while it has to be taken care that an applying by jerks is avoided. The measurements shall be taken at the same point as the load has been applied. A pre-load of 500 N shall be applied for a duration of 1 min. The position of the ladder after removal of the pre-load is the origin for measurement. A test load