BS DD ISO TS 80004-5-2011 Nanotechnologies Vocabulary Nano bio interface《纳米技术 词汇表 生物纳米接口》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationDD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011Nanotechnologies - VocabularyPart 5: Nano/bio interfaceDD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011 DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTNational forewordThis Draft for Development is the UK imp

2、lementation of ISO/TS80004-5:2011.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard.It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publicationsand is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on thisprovisional basis, so that information and experience of its practicalappli

3、cation can be obtained.Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Developmentare requested so that UK experience can be reported to theinternational organization responsible for its conversion toan international standard. A review of this publication willbe initiated not later than 3 years afte

4、r its publication by theinternational organization so that a decision can be taken on itsstatus. Notification of the start of the review period will be made inan announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period,the responsibl

5、e BSI Committee will decide whether to support theconversion into an international Standard, to extend the life of theTechnical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sentto the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at BritishStandards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, Londo

6、n W4 4AL.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee NTI/1, Nanotechnologies.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users

7、are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 66567 7ICS 01.040.07; 07.030Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Draft for Development was published under the authority ofthe Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 201

8、1.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedDD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011Reference numberNumro de rfrenceISO/TS 80004-5:2011(E/F)ISO 2011TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE ISO/TS80004-5First editionPremire dition2011-12-01Nanotechnologies Vocabulary Part 5: Nano/bio interface Nanotec

9、hnologies Vocabulaire Partie 5: Interface nano/bio DD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011ISO/TS 80004-5:2011(E/F) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT DOCUMENT PROTG PAR COPYRIGHT ISO 2011 The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard is permitted in teaching manuals, instruction bo

10、oklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for such reproduction are: that no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for dictionaries or similar publications offered for sale; a

11、nd that this International Standard is referenced as the source document. With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing f

12、rom either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. La reproduction des termes et des dfinitions contenus dans la prsente Norme internationale est autorise dans les manuels denseignement, les modes demploi, les publications et revues techniques destins exclusivem

13、ent lenseignement ou la mise en application. Les conditions dune telle reproduction sont les suivantes: aucune modification nest apporte aux termes et dfinitions; la reproduction nest pas autorise dans des dictionnaires ou publications similaires destins la vente; la prsente Norme internationale est

14、 cite comme document source. la seule exception mentionne ci-dessus, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de lISO ladresse ci-aprs

15、ou du comit membre de lISO dans le pays du demandeur. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland/Publi en Suisse ii ISO 2011 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsDD ISO/TS 80004

16、-5:2011ISO/TS 80004-5:2011(E/F) ISO 2011 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out throu

17、gh ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collabora

18、tes closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standar

19、ds. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market r

20、equirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the m

21、embers of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after

22、three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an International

23、 Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 80004-5 was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nan

24、otechnologies, and Technical Committee IEC/TC 113, Nanotechnology standardization for electrical and electronic products and systems. Documents in the 80000 to 89999 range of reference numbers are developed by collaboration between ISO and IEC. ISO/TS 80004 consists of the following parts, under the

25、 general title Nanotechnologies Vocabulary: Part 1: Core terms Part 3: Carbon nano-objects Part 4: Nanostructured materials Part 5: Nano/bio interface Part 7: Diagnostics and therapeutics for healthcare DD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011ISO/TS 80004-5:2011(E/F) iv ISO 2011 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs

26、The following parts are under preparation: Part 2: Nano-objects: Nanoparticle, nanofibre and nanoplate1) Part 6: Nanoscale measurement and instrumentation Part 8: Nanomanufacturing processes 1) ISO/TS 27687:2008 will be revised as ISO/TS 80004-2. DD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011ISO/TS 80004-5:2011(E/F) ISO 20

27、11 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs vAvant-propos LISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux de normalisation (comits membres de lISO). Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral confie aux comits techniques de lISO. Chaque comi

28、t membre intress par une tude a le droit de faire partie du comit technique cr cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec lISO participent galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commission lectrotechnique internationale (C

29、EI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation lectrotechnique. Les Normes internationales sont rdiges conformment aux rgles donnes dans les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2. La tche principale des comits techniques est dlaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes internationales adopts par les c

30、omits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pour vote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des comits membres votants. Dans dautres circonstances, en particulier lorsquil existe une demande urgente du march, un comit technique peut dcider de publi

31、er dautres types de documents: une Spcification publiquement disponible ISO (ISO/PAS) reprsente un accord entre les experts dans un groupe de travail ISO et est accepte pour publication si elle est approuve par plus de 50 % des membres votants du comit dont relve le groupe de travail; une Spcificati

32、on technique ISO (ISO/TS) reprsente un accord entre les membres dun comit technique et est accepte pour publication si elle est approuve par 2/3 des membres votants du comit. Une ISO/PAS ou ISO/TS fait lobjet dun examen aprs trois ans afin de dcider si elle est confirme pour trois nouvelles annes, r

33、vise pour devenir une Norme internationale, ou annule. Lorsquune ISO/PAS ou ISO/TS a t confirme, elle fait lobjet dun nouvel examen aprs trois ans qui dcidera soit de sa transformation en Norme internationale soit de son annulation. Lattention est appele sur le fait que certains des lments du prsent

34、 document peuvent faire lobjet de droits de proprit intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. LISO ne saurait tre tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifi de tels droits de proprit et averti de leur existence. LISO/TS 80004-5 a t labore conjointement par le comit technique ISO/TC 229, Nanotechno

35、logies, et le comit technique CEI/TC 113, Normalisation dans le domaine des nanotechnologies relatives aux appareils et systmes lectriques et lectroniques. Les documents dont les numros de rfrence sont compris entre 80000 et 89999 sont dvelopps en collaboration par lISO et la CEI. LISO/TS 80004 comp

36、rend les parties suivantes, prsentes sous le titre gnral Nanotechnologies Vocabulaire: Partie 1: Termes coeur Partie 3: Nano-objets en carbone Partie 4: Matriaux nanostructurs Partie 5: Interface nano/bio Partie 7: Diagnostics et thrapies pour les soins de sant DD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011ISO/TS 80004-5:2

37、011(E/F) vi ISO 2011 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsLes parties suivantes sont en cours dlaboration: Partie 2: Nano-objets: Nanoparticule, nanofibre et nanofeuillet1) Partie 6: Instrumentation et mesurage lchelle nanomtrique Partie 8: Processus de nanofabrication 1)LISO/TS 27687:2008 sera rvi

38、se en tant que ISO/TS 80004-2. DD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011ISO/TS 80004-5:2011(E/F) ISO 2011 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs viiIntroduction The interface between nanotechnology and biology constitutes one of the most interesting and technologically promising frontiers of modern science. Research i

39、s yielding new ways to carry out biomedical and pharmaceutical separations, as well as improved understanding of the uptake and distribution of nano-objects in an organism, including high-technology approaches for drug delivery to specific targets within the human body, highly sensitive and selectiv

40、e (bio)chemical sensors, and advanced ways to remediate environmental pollution. Moreover, biology demonstrates the feasibility of nanotechnology, since many biomaterials, e.g. bone, have been found to be structured at the nanoscale, and there are many nanometre-sized entities in biology. Regarding

41、the scope of any terminology encompassing the nano/bio interface, this poses the fundamental question of whether it is necessary to include terms with well established definitions in molecular biology or terms dealing with biomolecular motions and binding. Terms relating to the nonbiological (nano)

42、side of the nano/bio interface are only included if they are not already adequately defined, typically in physical chemistry. Similarly, regarding the biological side of the interface, terms are only included when specifically applied to the nano/bio interface. Thus, although the scope of this vocab

43、ulary could include quantum dots used for the tracing of biological entities, the existing terminologies of physical chemistry and molecular biology suffice to describe such objects without ambiguity. Nano/bio has two “directional” interpretations. The prefix nanobio means that the nano domain influ

44、ences the bio domain; the prefix bionano means that the bio domain influences the nano domain. The following vocabulary focuses on the zone between a nanomaterial and a biological material, as exemplified by a nanoparticle residing on the surface of a living cell, or a living cell residing on a nano

45、structured substratum. If one is concerned with the biological response, it would be appropriate to refer to the nanobio interface. If, on the other hand, one is concerned with how the nanomaterial is modified by the biological matter, it would be appropriate to refer to the bionano interface. If bo

46、th aspects are being referred to simultaneously or indifferently, one may refer to the nano/bio interface. This vocabulary is above all concerned with foundational concepts, rather than specific applications (such as drug delivery, dentistry or plastic surgery). The terms included in the present voc

47、abulary are considered to comprise a minimal set. Considering the rapid development of the field, it is expected that more terms will be added in the next edition. DD ISO/TS 80004-5:2011ISO/TS 80004-5:2011(E/F) viii ISO 2011 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsIntroduction Linterface entre les nan

48、otechnologies et la biologie constitue lune des frontires de la science moderne les plus intressantes et les plus technologiquement prometteuses. La recherche offre de nouveaux moyens de raliser des sparations biomdicales et pharmaceutiques. Elle propose galement une meilleure comprhension de lassim

49、ilation et de la distribution des nano-objets dans un organisme, notamment avec des approches de haute technologie pour la vectorisation de mdicaments vers des cibles spcifiques dans le corps humain, des capteurs (bio)chimiques extrmement sensibles et slectifs et des mthodes volues permettant de remdier