BS DD ISO TS 24679-2011 Fire safety engineering Performance of structures in fire《防火安全工程 防火结构性能》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationDD ISO/TS 24679:2011Fire safety engineering Performance of structures infireDD ISO/TS 24679:2011 DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTNational forewordThis Draft for Development is the UK implem

2、entation of ISO/TS24679:2011.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard.It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publicationsand is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on thisprovisional basis, so that information and experience of its practicalapplicatio

3、n can be obtained.Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Developmentare requested so that UK experience can be reported to theinternational organization responsible for its conversion toan international standard. A review of this publication willbe initiated not later than 3 years after its

4、 publication by theinternational organization so that a decision can be taken on itsstatus. Notification of the start of the review period will be made inan announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period,the responsible BSI

5、 Committee will decide whether to support theconversion into an international Standard, to extend the life of theTechnical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sentto the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at BritishStandards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4

6、4AL.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee FSH/24, Fire safety engineering.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Use

7、rs are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 66181 5ICS 13.220.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Draft for Development was published under the authority ofthe Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2011.Amendme

8、nts issued since publicationDate Text affectedDD ISO/TS 24679:2011Reference numberISO/TS 24679:2011(E)ISO 2011TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS24679First edition2011-03-15Fire safety engineering Performance of structures in fire Ingnierie de la scurit incendie Performance des structures en situation di

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12、al Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission

13、in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedDD

14、ISO/TS 24679:2011ISO/TS 24679:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Design strategy for fire safety of structures.2 4.1 Design process for fire safety of structures.2 4.2 Objectives and functiona

15、l requirements for fire safety of structures5 4.3 Performance criteria for fire safety of structures 6 4.3.1 Performance criteria to limit fire spread (compartmentation) 6 4.3.2 Performance criteria to limit structural damage (structural stability) .7 5 Quantification of the performance of structure

16、s in fire.7 5.1 Fire performance of structures Design process .7 5.2 Scope of the project for fire safety of structures.11 5.2.1 Built-environment characteristics .11 5.2.2 Fuel loads.11 5.2.3 Mechanical actions11 5.3 Identifying objectives, functional requirements and performance criteria for fire

17、safety of structures .11 5.4 Trial design plan for fire safety of structures.12 5.5 Design fire scenarios and design fires .12 5.5.1 General .12 5.5.2 Design fire scenarios 12 5.5.3 Design fires (thermal actions)13 5.6 Thermal response of the structure14 5.7 Mechanical response of the structure.15 5

18、.8 Assessment against the fire safety objectives 16 5.9 Documentation of the design for fire safety of structures16 5.10 Factors and influences to be considered in the quantification process.17 5.10.1 Material properties 17 5.10.2 Effect of continuity and restraint (interaction between elements and

19、materials).18 5.10.3 Use of test results .19 5.10.4 Fire spread routes .19 6 Guidance on use of engineering methods22 6.1 Using calculation methods.23 6.2 Using experimental methods .23 6.3 Using engineering judgment24 Bibliography25 DD ISO/TS 24679:2011ISO/TS 24679:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights re

20、servedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for whi

21、ch a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all m

22、atters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are cir

23、culated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish ot

24、her types of normative document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Spe

25、cification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a f

26、urther three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility th

27、at some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 24679 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 4, Fire safety engineering. DD ISO/TS 24679:2011ISO/

28、TS 24679:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction Fire is an extreme loading condition for structures, which can lead to significant effects on people, property and the environment. Part of the fire safety design of a built environment arises out of the need to provide design strategies th

29、at minimize the occurrence and spread of fire and its impact on life, property and the environment. Fire safety of structures is one important component of an overall fire safety design strategy. The role of fire safety of structures is to ensure that elements of a structure (separating and structur

30、al elements) within a built environment are capable of preventing or delaying fire spread and structural failure so that the fire safety objectives, such as safety of life (for occupants and firefighters), conservation of property, continuity of operations, preservation of heritage and protection of

31、 the environment, are not compromised. Traditionally, most designs for the fire safety of structures have been based on prescriptive requirements set by building regulations, building codes and associated standards. In prescriptive regulation, this is also known as fire resistance. The evaluation of

32、 fire resistance of construction elements is mainly determined by fire tests that involve: a single fire represented by a standard time-temperature curve (such as that given in ISO 834-1); and isolated elements or assemblies with defined boundary conditions and sizes. Standard fire tests apply to fi

33、res with an inexhaustible fuel supply, where no distinction is made between enclosure size and ventilation, and which do not take into account realistic structural loads, the redistribution of load or conditions of structural restraint. Such an assessment method is only able to provide a comparative

34、 rating of the construction products but cannot furnish all the information required to make a fire safety analysis of a given built environment (e.g. smoke leakage, other types of fire, treatment of a full structure). With the recent advances in fire safety engineering and the opportunity for desig

35、ners to take advantage of an engineering approach when evaluating the performance of structures in fire, it is becoming necessary to: refine the philosophy covered by the fire safety of structures, in the case of real fires, with respect to the whole structure; move beyond the sole consideration of

36、individual elements and include the behaviour of the entire structural system; consider realistic load conditions; and include the cooling phase of the fire. This Technical Specification provides a methodology for applying an engineering approach to the assessment of fire performance of structures i

37、n real fires. In such an approach, the solutions are based on principles of reason, judgement, science, engineering and practicability. A rational approach offers many benefits, including: the provisions for better and more reliable fire safety in the built environment; potential cost-effective fire

38、 safety measures and more options with regard to the choice of these measures; and better communication with other professionals involved in the design, construction process and approval process. This Technical Specification is intended for use by fire safety practitioners who employ performance-bas

39、ed design methods. Examples of users include fire safety engineers and structural engineers as well as DD ISO/TS 24679:2011ISO/TS 24679:2011(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedauthorities having jurisdiction, such as authority officials, fire service personnel and code developers. It is expected that

40、 users of this Technical Specification are appropriately qualified and competent in the fields of fire safety and structural engineering. It is particularly important that the users understand the limitations of any methodology used. In addition to the standard clauses (Clauses 1, 2, 3 and Bibliogra

41、phy), this Technical Specification includes the following clauses: Clause 4 provides generic ways of describing design strategies for the fire safety of structures; Clause 5 presents the quantification of the performance of structures in fire, which includes guidance on the steps and engineering met

42、hods used to predict the thermal and mechanical responses of structural and separating elements exposed to fire and thereby evaluate the potential for fire spread and structural failure. Also included is a description of the factors that should be taken into consideration in the assessment and quant

43、ification process, namely fire spread paths and material properties at elevated temperatures; Clause 6 gives guidance on the use of the different quantification methods. DD ISO/TS 24679:2011TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 24679:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Fire safety engineering Performance

44、 of structures in fire 1 Scope This Technical Specification provides a methodology for assessing the performance of structures in the built environment when exposed to a real fire. This Technical Specification, which follows the principles outlined in ISO 23932, provides a performance-based methodol

45、ogy for engineers to assess the level of fire safety of new or existing structures. NOTE The fire safety of structures is evaluated through an engineering approach based on the quantification of the behaviour of a structure for the purpose of meeting fire safety objectives and can cover the entire t

46、ime history of a real fire (including the cooling phase), and its consequences related to fire safety objectives such as life safety, property protection and/or environmental protection. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.

47、 For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 834-1:1999, Fire-resistance tests Elements of building construction Part 1: General requirements ISO 13943, Fire safety Vocabulary ISO

48、23932, Fire safety engineering General principles 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943, ISO 23932 and the following apply. 3.1 building element integral part of a built environment NOTE This includes floors, walls, beams, columns, do

49、ors, and penetrations, but does not include contents. 3.2 function role and actions assigned to, or required or expected of, various parts of a structure to achieve a specified objective or task 3.3 load-bearing element structural element building element that is designed to carry loads besides its own weight DD ISO/TS 24679:2011ISO/TS 24679:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved3.4 mechanical actions defined force impacts on other elements due to strain or stress redistribution within a structure, or part