ASTM E2947-2016a Standard Guide for Building Enclosure Commissioning《建筑围护结构试运行的标准指南》.pdf

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1、Designation: E2947 16aStandard Guide forBuilding Enclosure Commissioning1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2947; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses

2、indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 PurposeThis guide provides procedures, methods anddocumentation techniques that may be used in the applicationof the building enclosure commissioning (BECx)

3、process. Thisguide is complementary to Practice E2813 and is aligned withANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and ASHRAE Guideline 0.1.2 ExtentThe process outlined in this standard guideapplies to each building delivery phase from pre-designthrough Owner occupancy and operation. The specific appli-cation of

4、 this guide may vary to suit the Owner, the projectdelivery method and the building project as outlined in theOwners Project Requirements (OPR).1.3 Primary FocusThe primary focus of this processincludes, but may not be limited to, new construction ofbuilding enclosures, existing building enclosures

5、undergoingsubstantial renovation or alteration, and continuous commis-sioning of enclosure systems.1.4 Contractual and Regulatory ObligationsThe methodsdescribed in this guide are not intended to supersede orotherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifi-cally for the parties respons

6、ible for the design and constructionof a building or structure, nor to alter the roles, responsibilitiesand duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties byapplicable regulatory or statutory law.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with

7、 its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE2813 Practice for Buildin

8、g Enclosure Commissioning2.2 ASHRAE Guidelines and Standards:3ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 Commissioning Processfor Buildings and SystemsASHRAE Guideline 0 The Commissioning Process3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to the most current edition of thefollowing:3.1.1 ASTM E631 Terminology of Building

9、Constructions.3.1.2 ASHRAE Guideline 0, Section 4, Definitions.3.1.3 ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202, Section 3, Defini-tions.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 The following definitions, abbreviations, and acro-nyms are specific to the implementation of the commissioningprocess f

10、or building enclosure systems. These definitions areapplicable throughout this guideline. Terms that are not definedhave their ordinarily accepted meanings within the context inwhich they are used.3.2.2 basis of design, BOD, na document developed bythe design team that records the technical concepts

11、,assumptions, calculations, decisions, and product selectionsused to meet the Owners Project Requirements and to satisfyapplicable regulatory requirements, standards and guidelines.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe BOD document includes both nar-rative descriptions and lists of individual items that supportsthe

12、 design process.3.2.3 bidding and negotiation phase, npreparatory phaseof the construction process delivery that assists in the solicita-tion and selection of prospective bidders, including evaluationof requests for information, substitutions, development ofAddenda, review of bids and qualifications

13、 and the award oftrade contracts.3.2.3.1 DiscussionThis phase is followed by the pre-construction sub-phase.3.2.4 building enclosure, nthe terms “building enclosure”and “enclosure” refer collectively to materials, components,systems, and assemblies intended to provide shelter and1This guide is under

14、 the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performanceof Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.55 on Perfor-mance of Building Enclosures.Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originallyapproved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E2947-

15、16. DOI:10.1520/E2947-16A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of

16、 Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA30329, http:/www.ashrae.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1environmental separation between interior and exter

17、ior, orbetween two or more environmentally distinct interior spacesin a building or structure.3.2.4.1 DiscussionThe building enclosure may includebut is not limited to walls, fenestration, roofs, ceilings andfloors (and the intentional openings and penetrations throughthem).3.2.5 building enclosure

18、commissioning, BECx,narchitecture or engineering-related technical services orboth, performed on behalf of the Owner that implements aquality-focused process for enhancing the delivery of a projectby focusing on validating during the design phase and verify-ing during the construction phase that the

19、 performance ofbuilding enclosure materials, components, assemblies andsystems are designed and installed to meet the Owners ProjectRequirements.3.2.6 building enclosure commissioning plan, BECx plan,na document that outlines the scope, organization, schedule,allocation of resources, responsibilitie

20、s, testing and documen-tation requirements of the building enclosure commissioningprocess to meet the OPR.3.2.6.1 DiscussionThe BECx plan may be a portion of thewhole building Cx plan.3.2.7 building enclosure commissioning provider, BECxP,na duly authorized person or firm in the jurisdiction of thep

21、roject retained by the Owner to develop, manage, and be inresponsible charge of the BECx process.3.2.7.1 DiscussionThe BECxP should be trained,experienced, and knowledgeable in the building enclosurecommissioning process, and possess and be able to demon-strate proficiency in the core competencies l

22、isted in 4.2.1 ofPractice E2813. The person or firm performing the role ofBECxP should be identified by the Owner. The role of theBECxP may be performed by the Building Enclosure Commis-sioning Specialist (BECxS), the overall building commission-ing authority (CxA), or another qualified member to th

23、e Cxteam.3.2.8 building enclosure commissioning specialist, BECxS,na registered design professional (Professional Engineer orRegistered Architect) and/or duly authorized firm in the juris-diction of the project, who is retained by the Owner with theapplicable experience and technical knowledge of th

24、e perfor-mance of building enclosure systems and who is able todemonstrate and maintain throughout the project third partyindependence in order to avoid conflicts of interest.4Refer to1.4 for additional information.3.2.8.1 DiscussionThe BECxS possesses the experienceand technical skills needed to as

25、sess, critique, validate, verify,and support the BECx team during the design and constructionphases.3.2.9 building enclosure commissioning team, BECx team,nthe individuals and agencies who, through coordinatedactions, are responsible for implementing the Building Enclo-sure Commissioning Process.3.2

26、.9.1 DiscussionThis group may be comprised of theOwner, Architect, Engineer, BECxP, BECxS, BECxT, designsub-consultants, construction manager, general contractor,subcontractors, manufacturers, and the whole-building CxA.3.2.10 building enclosure commissioning technologist,BECxT, nindividuals and/or

27、accredited testing agencies whopossess the skills, knowledge, experience and certification, asrequired,4to perform the testing outlined in the buildingenclosure commissioning specification.3.2.11 commissioning authority, CxA, nentity identifiedby the Owner who leads, plans, schedules, and coordinate

28、s thecommissioning team to implement the commissioning processfor the whole building as outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IESStandard 202.3.2.12 commissioning plan, Cx plan, ndocument thatoutlines the organization, schedule, and allocation of resources,responsibilities, and documentation requirements of the w

29、holebuilding commissioning process.3.2.13 completion (substantial), nis as defined by thecontract documents but generally understood to be the stage inthe progress of the construction work where the project, or aportion of the project, is sufficiently complete that the Ownercan occupy the building o

30、r utilize the building for its intendeduse.3.2.14 construction phase, nthe period of the projectdelivery process after the construction contract is awarded.3.2.14.1 DiscussionWhile there may be a variety of sub-phase names used in the industry, for this guide the followingterms will be used for the

31、sub-phases: pre-construction andconstruction administration.3.2.14.2 pre-construction sub-phase, nthe period of theproject delivery process after construction contract is awardedwhen enclosure systems and assemblies are detailed in shopdrawings and laboratory or other quality assurance testing isper

32、formed prior to construction to comply with the construc-tion documents and OPR.3.2.14.3 DiscussionThis sub-phase is followed by theconstruction administration sub-phase.3.2.14.4 construction administration sub-phase, nthe pe-riod of the project delivery process when project enclosurematerials are f

33、abricated, installed, inspected, field tested, andplaced into service to meet the Owners Project Requirements.3.2.15 design phase, nthe period of the project deliveryprocess when a design that satisfies the Owners ProjectRequirements is developed and translated into constructiondocuments.3.2.16 desi

34、gn sub-phases, ndesign phase is typically5broken into three sub-phases with each taking approximatelyone third of the total design phase time to complete.4The authority having jurisdiction may have more stringent requirements andqualifications for persons performing this role.5The sub-phases describ

35、ed are for a traditional project delivery process. Whilerecognizing that a building can be designed and constructed following alternativeproject delivery processes (such as “design build” or “design assist”), this guidedoes not specifically address them.E2947 16a23.2.16.1 DiscussionThese design sub-

36、phases have a vari-ety of names, but for this guide, the following terms will beused:3.2.16.2 schematic design (also referred to as “35 %design”), SD, nsub-phase of building design that producesdocuments that illustrate and describe the concept design of aproject illustrating the scale and relations

37、hip of the projectcomponents including preliminary selections of major buildingsystems and construction materials.3.2.16.3 DiscussionSchematic design is followed by thedesign development sub-phase.3.2.16.4 design development (also referred to as “65 %design”), DD, nsub-phase of building design that

38、producesdocuments that illustrate and describe the refinement of theschematic design of a project establishing the scope,relationships, forms, size, and appearance of the project. Majormaterials and systems are identified including interface detailsand their quality levels are established.3.2.16.5 D

39、iscussionDesign development is followed bythe construction documents subphase.3.2.16.6 construction documents (also referred to as “100% design”), CD, nsub-phase of building design that pro-duces documents that (1) set forth in detail the requirements forthe construction of a project and (2) establi

40、sh in detail theenclosure performance requirements and the quality of mate-rials and systems required for the project.3.2.16.7 DiscussionFinal construction documents are pre-pared as required to solicit, procure, and construct the projectand include drawings, specifications, contract forms andcondit

41、ions, bidding requirements, and resource documents (seedefinitions of Construction Documents in ANSI/ASHRAE/IESStandard 202).3.2.17 independent 3rd party design peer review, IDR,nobjective technical review of the design and/or constructiondocuments that, as part of the BECx process during the design

42、phase, evaluates the proposed building enclosure systems,details, objectives and performance criteria for compliancewith the OPR.3.2.17.1 DiscussionThe IDR is performed by the BECxS.3.2.18 nonconformance process, nprocess for identifying,documenting, evaluating, and avoiding the inadvertent use orin

43、stallation of nonconforming items of work.3.2.18.1 DiscussionConstruction materials and systemsthat are found not to be in compliance with the approvedproject requirements, specifications, drawings and referencedstandards and that render the quality of the materials or systemsunacceptable or indeter

44、minate requires the generation of anonconformance report (NCR).3.2.18.2 DiscussionNonconformances typically incude:(1) Physical defects in materials, assemblies and workman-ship;(2) Failures of required tests;(3) Incorrect or inadequate documentation; and(4) Departures from specified or previously a

45、pproved workprocesses, inspection, or testing procedures.3.2.19 owners project requirements, OPR, na writtendocument that details the Owners vision and requirements ofa project and the expectations of how it will be used andoperated and includes the programmatic, aesthetic, and generalperformance re

46、quirements of a building, structure or portionthereof and the expectations of the Owner relative to itsintended use, occupancy, operation, and service life.3.2.19.1 DiscussionThe portion of the OPR that relates tothe building enclosure is considered to be a “living document”for the BECx process and

47、outlines the objectives upon whichthe pre-design, design, and construction phase BECx activitiesare evaluated (see definitions in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard202).3.2.20 pre-design phase, npreparatory phase of the projectdelivery process in which the OPR is developed and the BECxscope is outlined.3.2.20

48、.1 DiscussionThis phase is followed by the sche-matic design sub-phase.3.3 Abbreviations and Acronyms:3.3.1 A/EArchitect/Engineer3.3.2 AORArchitect of Record3.3.3 BECxBuilding enclosure commissioning3.3.4 BECxPBuilding enclosure commissioning provider3.3.5 BECxSBuilding enclosure commissioning speci

49、alist3.3.6 BECxTBuilding enclosure commissioning technolo-gist3.3.7 BODBasis of design document3.3.8 CxCommissioning3.3.9 CxACommissioning authority3.3.10 IDRIndependent 3rd party design peer review3.3.11 NCRNonconformance report3.3.12 OPROwners project requirements3.3.13 QAQuality assurance3.3.14 QCQuality control3.3.15 Design Phases:3.3.15.1 SDSchematic design phase (or 35 % designphase)3.3.15.2 DDDesign development phase (or 65 % designphase)3.3.15.3 CDConstruction document phase (or 100 % de-sign phase)4. Su