ASTM D6404-1999(2004) Standard Practice for Sampling Vegetable Materials Containing Tannin《含单宁的植物材料取样的标准操作规程》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 6404 99 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Practice forSampling Vegetable Materials Containing Tannin1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6404; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers obtaining representative samplesfrom shipment lots of botanical materials containing tannin.1.2 The
3、 values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish
4、appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1517 Definitions of Terms Relating to Leather2.2 ALCA Method:J10 Sampling Vegetable Materials Containing Tannin33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:
5、3.1.1 For definitions of general leather and tanning termsused in this practice refer to Definitions D 1517.3.1.2 quarteringthe term applied to a method described inthis practice of reducing the size of samples without impairingtheir representative quality.3.1.3 tanninan astringent substance found i
6、n the variousparts of plants such as bark, wood, leaves, nuts, fruits, roots,etc.3.1.4 vegetable tanninsmixtures of substances (naturalproducts) obtained from plant tissues by water extractionwhich have the chemical and physical properties necessary toconvert animal hides and skins into leather.4. S
7、ummary of Practice4.1 This practice describes methods for obtaining represen-tative samples for analysis from shipments of vegetable tan-ning materials and tannin extracts.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice provides standard procedures for obtainingrepresentative samples of various materials u
8、sed as a source oftannins for the tanning industry.5.2 Procedures are described for obtaining representativesamples of economical and convenient quantities from a lot, orsections of a lot, of material for examination and analysis sothat agreement may be reached with regard to the extent ofvariation
9、of quality in different portions of a lot and the averagequality of the entire lot of material.5.3 No directions for sampling, however explicit, can takethe place of judgment, skill, and previous experience on thepart of persons actually engaged in the sampling or thesupervision of the sampling. The
10、se directions are intended tosupplement that experience and, particularly, to serve as aguide in the selection of the method which is to be used, incommon, by each of two or more contracting parties.5.4 Tanning materials contain moisture in varying amounts,depending both on the nature of the materia
11、l and on theclimatic conditions, so that sampling must be carried out asquickly as is consistent with thoroughness in order to avoidchanges in moisture content.6. Apparatus6.1 Balance, analytical balance which will weigh the quan-tity of material specified in this practice to an accuracy of 610g(6 0
12、.35 oz).6.2 Canvas, 11-oz weight and of sufficient size (as deter-mined by the discretion of the sampler or analyst) for use inmixing and quartering samples.6.3 Sieve, with round openings 1.27 cm (0.50 in.) indiameter.6.4 Sampling Tool, this tool shall be made of brass or othercorrosion-resistant me
13、tal tubing, with solid handle attached,similar to that described below and illustrated in Fig. 1.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.01 on Vegetable Leather. This testmethod has been adapted from and is a replac
14、ement for Method J10 of the OfficialMethods of the American Leather Chemists Association.Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 6404 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, o
15、rcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Official Methods of the American Leather Chemists Association. Availablefrom the American Leather Chemists Association, University
16、of Cincinnati, P.O.Box 210014, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0014.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.4.1 Thin brass or other corrosion-resistant metal tubing,37 cm long and 17.5 mm diameter, is used.Asolid steel handle,6 cm lon
17、g, is welded to one end of the tube. A section 11 mmwide and 30 cm long is cut out of the side of the tube and theedges of this opening sharply beveled. The working end is cutto a sharp point for piercing sacks, or other tough materials,like plantation gambier.7. Quartering Samples7.1 “Quartering” i
18、s a term applied to the following methodof reducing the size of samples without impairing theirrepresentative quality.7.1.1 All of the material, taken from the various containersor parts of the shipment of solid material being sampled, shallbe immediately and thoroughly mixed on a square piece of 11
19、oz canvas. In the case of solid extracts, large pieces shall havebeen broken previously so as to pass a screen having roundopenings 1.27 cm (0.50 in.) in diameter. The pile shall bedivided into four equal portions and quarters A and B shall bediscarded as illustrated in diagram X of Fig. 2. The rema
20、iningtwo quarters shall then be re-mixed thoroughly and againdivided into four equal portions and quarters C and D shall bediscarded as illustrated in diagram Y of Fig. 2. This processshall be repeated until the mixture of any two remainingquarters of the sample be of sufficient size to secure thein
21、dividual samples as specified below. The individual samplesshall be obtained by thoroughly mixing the two remainingquarters and dividing the mixture into as many uniformsections as necessary, such that each section will be largeenough to fill one of the required number of containers. Allfine, powder
22、y material in each section shall be completelyremoved with its respective section, whether the section isdiscarded or placed in a sample container.8. Filling Containers8.1 Immediately after the final samples are obtained, theyshall be put into clean, dry containers, closed airtight, sealed,and label
23、ed as described in the procedure (11.11).8.2 Liquid and powdered extracts and tannery liquorsamples shall be put into stoppered glass bottles of the requiredsize.8.3 Solid and pasty extracts shall be wrapped in aluminumfoil and put into Mason-type jars or tin cans of the requiredsize.8.4 Cut bark, f
24、ruits, roots, galls, nuts, leaves, etc., and spentmaterials, shall be placed in lacquered, pressed-top tins of therequired size, which close airtight. Boxes or bags must not beused as containers.8.5 Sample containers shall be of no greater capacity thanwill conveniently be filled by the sample taken
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