ASTM D6006-2011 red 6250 Standard Guide for Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids《液流生物降解性评定的标准指南》.pdf
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1、Designation:D600697a (Reapproved 2008) Designation: D6006 11Standard Guide forAssessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6006; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in planning a laboratory test or series of tests fro
3、m which may beinferred information about the biodegradability of an unused fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biodegradabilityis one of three characteristics which are assessed when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. The other twocharacteristics are ecotoxicit
4、y and bioaccumulation.1.2 Biodegradability may be considered by type of environmental compartment: aerobic fresh water, aerobic marine, aerobicsoil, and anaerobic media. Test methods for aerobic fresh water, aerobic soil and anaerobic media have been developed that areappropriate for the concerns an
5、d needs of testing in each compartment.1.3 This guide addresses releases to the environment that are incidental to the use of a hydraulic fluid but is not intended to coversituations of major, accidental release. The tests discussed in this guide take a minimum of three to four weeks. Therefore, iss
6、uesrelating to the biodegradability of hydraulic fluid are more effectively addressed before the fluid is used, and thus before incidentalrelease may occur. Nothing in this guide should be taken to relieve the user of the responsibility to properly use and dispose ofhydraulic fluids.1.4 The values s
7、tated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safet
8、y and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D5210 Test Method for Determining the Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials in the Presence of Municipal SewageSludgeD5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Det
9、ermination of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products and LubricantsD5480 Test Method for Engine Oil Volatility by Gas ChromatographyD5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their ComponentsE1196 Test Method for Determining the Anaerobic Biodegra
10、dation Potential of Organic Chemicals332.2 ISO Standards:ISO 9439:1990 Technical Corrigendum I, Water QualityEvaluation in an Aqueous Medium of the Ultimate Biodegradabilityof Organic Compounds4ISO 4259:1992(E) Petroleum ProductsDetermination and Application of Precision Data in Relation to Methods
11、of Test42.3 OECD Standards:OECD 301B (the Modified Sturm Test) Guidelines for Testing Chemicals5OECD 301F (the Manometric Respirometry Test) Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals51This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsi
12、bility of Subcommittee D02.12 onEnvironmental Standards for Lubricants.Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D600697a(2003). DOI:10.1520/D6006-97AR08.Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published Ma
13、rch 2011. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D600697a(2008). DOI:10.1520/D6006-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer
14、to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4Available from Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), 2, rue Andr Pascal, F-75775 Paris Cedex 16, France.4Available from
15、 American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard.5Available from Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), 2, rue Andr Pascal, F-75775 Par
16、is Cedex 16, France.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that us
17、ers consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 Definitio
18、ns:3.1.1 aerobic, adj1. taking place in the presence of oxygen; 2. living or active in the presence of oxygen.3.1.2 anaerobic, adj1. taking place in the absence of oxygen; 2. living or active in the absence of oxygen.3.1.3 biodegradation, nthe process of chemical breakdown or transformation of a sub
19、stance caused by organisms or theirenzymes.3.1.3.1 DiscussionBiodegradation is only one mechanism by which materials are transformed in the environment.3.1.4 biomass, nany material, excluding fossil fuels, which is or was a living organism or component of a living organism.biological material includ
20、ing any material other than fossil fuels which is or was a living organism or component or product ofa living organism.3.1.4.1 DiscussionIn biology and environmental science, biomass is typically expressed as density of biological material perunit sample volume, area, or mass (g biomass/g(or/mLor/cm
21、2) sample); when used for products derived from organismsbiomass is typically expressed in terms of mass (kg, MT, etc.) or volume (L, m3, bbl, etc.).3.1.4.2 DiscussionProducts of living organisms include those materials produced directly by living organisms as metabolites(for example, ethanol, vario
22、us carbohydrates and fatty acids), materials manufactured by processing living organisms (for example:pellets manufactured by shredding and pelletizing plant material) and materials produced by processing living organisms, theircomponents or metabolites (for example, transesterified oil; also called
23、 biodiesel).3.1.5 blank, nin biodegradability testing, a test system containing all system components with the exception of the testsubstance.3.1.6 environmental compartment, na subdivision of the environment based on physical or chemical properties, or both.3.1.6.1 DiscussionExamples of environment
24、al compartments are aerobic fresh water, aerobic marine, and aerobic soil. Theresults of test procedures may be applied to environmental compartments but the test systems do not constitute an environmentalcompartment.3.1.7 inoculum, nspores, bacteria, single celled organisms, or other live materials
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