ASTM D1766-2005(2011) Standard Test Method for Rubber ChemicalsSolubility《橡胶助剂的标准试验方法 可溶性》.pdf

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1、Designation: D1766 05 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forRubber ChemicalsSolubility1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1766; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe

2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a practical test for the solubilityof commercial chemicals used in rubber products.1.2 It is not a true measure of s

3、olubility, since equilibrium isnot approached from both sides, that is, higher temperature andlower temperature.1.3 The test method indicates the total solubility, under theconditions of the test, of all components in the presence of eachother and in the proportions present in the sample.1.4 This te

4、st method does not measure the solubility of arubber chemical in rubber.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is th

5、e responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens3. Summary of Test M

6、ethod3.1 The test specimen is shaken in a specified volume of adesired solvent at a specified time and temperature. Solids areallowed to settle and a specified aliquot of the clear supernatantsolvent is quantitatively removed, the solvent evaporated, andthe mass of the residue obtained. From the mas

7、ses of theresidue and original specimen, the solubility of the specimen isobtained by calculation.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method may be used as a raw materialquality-control tool.5. Apparatus5.1 Containers, capacity approximately 100 cm3(4-oz),glass, screw caps with metal foil liners.5.

8、2 Weighing Bottles, 50-cm3, ground-glass, low-form, withcovers.5.3 Mechanical Shaker.5.4 Steam Bath.5.5 Oven, constant-temperature, controllable, 110C max inaccordance with Type B of Specification E145.6. Procedure6.1 Place 50 cm3of the desired solvent in each of twosuitable containers described in

9、5.1. Add, with shaking, asufficient test specimen of the organic chemical in the “as-received” condition to each of the bottles to give apparentsaturation, and then add about 25 % more. Close both bottlestightly and place in a mechanical shaker, at room temperature,for a minimum of 4 h.6.2 Hold at 2

10、3 6 0.5C with occasional shaking for aminimum of an additional 4 h. If a significant quantity of solidsis not in evidence at this point in both bottles, add 25 % moreof the organic chemical to each bottle and repeat both shakingcycles.6.3 Allow the solids to settle and while maintaining thetemperatu

11、re of the solution at 23 6 0.5C, remove this solutionby pipetting 25-cm3aliquots from each of the bottles througha suitable filter stick (Note 1). Transfer the contents of thepipets into each of two tared, ground-glass, low-form, 50-cm3,covered weighing bottles. Call the tare masses A. Cover theweig

12、hing bottles immediately. Weigh the bottles and solution.Call these masses B.NOTE 1A filter stick may be made by wiring a small piece of mediumgrade filter paper over the end of a pipet with fine wire. The filter papershould be removed before emptying the pipet. A pressure-type apparatusmay also be

13、used to fill the pipet.6.4 Remove the covers and evaporate the solvent on a steambath. Then place the bottles in an oven maintained at atemperature at least 10C below the melting point of the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direct responsibility o

14、f Subcommittee D11.11 on Chemical Analysis.Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally approvedin 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1766 05. DOI: 10.1520/D1766-05R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer

15、 Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.product (but in no case higher than 110

16、C), and dry to constantmass. Place the bottles in a covered desiccator until cool, andthen weigh. Call these masses C.7. Calculation7.1 The solubility may be calculated as follows:Massgof25cm3of solution at 23C 5 B 2 A (1)Mass g of solute in 25 cm3solution at 23C 5 C 2 A (2)Solubility in grams of so

17、lute per 100 cm3of solution at 23C5 C 2 A! 3 4 (3)Solubility may also be expressed as follows:Mass g of solvent in 25 cm3of solution at 23C 5 B 2 C (4)Let D 5 density of solvent at 23/4C. Then:Solubility in grams solute per 100 g of solution at 23C5 C 2 A!/B 2 A!# 3 100 (5)Solubility in grams solute

18、 per 100 cm3of solvent at 23C5 C 2 A!/B 2 C!# 3 D 3 100 (6)Solubility in grams solute per 100 g of solvent at 23C5 C 2 A!/B 2 C!# 3 100 (7)8. Report8.1 Solubility shall be reported as indicated in Table 1.8.2 The solvent used shall be specified.9. Precision and Bias9.1 PrecisionThe two net masses of

19、 solute should agreewithin 10 % of each other. If not, the test should be repeated.If agreement within 10 % is obtained, the average mass ofsolute should be used.9.2 BiasNo statement about bias is being made at thistime.10. Keywords10.1 rubber chemicals; solubilityASTM International takes no positio

20、n respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

21、This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM I

22、nternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address sho

23、wn below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832

24、-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 1 Code for Reporting Solubility Test ResultsDescriptiveCodeDescriptionRange of Solubility,kg/m3P Ins practically insoluble 0.1SS slightly soluble 0.1 to 1.0MS moderately soluble 1.0 to 5.0S soluble 5.0 to 10.0VS very soluble 10.0 and overD1766 05 (2011)2