[外语类试卷]职称英语（综合类）B级模拟试卷36及答案与解析.doc

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1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 36及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 I am not willing to concede that I have hurt her, because thats not my real intention. （ A） agreeable （ B） ready （ C） compliant （ D） reluctant 2 A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable

2、 facial feature. （ A） mark （ B） character （ C） trace （ D） appearance 3 Jack is a diligent student. （ A） hardworking （ B） ambitious （ C） lazy （ D） slow 4 In the background was that eternal hum. （ A） long （ B） never-ending （ C） boring （ D） extensive 5 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of

3、 mathematics. （ A） error （ B） puzzle （ C） attraction （ D） contradiction 6 Many people think that she takes after her father. （ A） supports （ B） resembles （ C） cares （ D） looks for 7 Sophonisba P. Breckinridge, the first woman admitted to the bar in Kentucky, eventually abandoned her legal career and

4、 became a social worker. （ A） supported （ B） prosecuted （ C） gave up （ D） tired of 8 The contractor underestimated the building costs which turned out to be much more. （ A） estimated （ B） overestimated （ C） undervalued （ D） suppressed 9 By the treaty each country pledged itself to assist the other i

5、n case of war. （ A） assured （ B） applied （ C） obliged （ D） promised 10 My investment in that company can no longer be depended on as a source of income. （ A） looked （ B） insisted （ C） reckoned （ D） capitalized 11 Although he was under no obligation the shopkeeper replaced the defective battery free

6、of charge. （ A） guarantee （ B） duty （ C） power （ D） authority 12 He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert. （ A） hear （ B） hate （ C） like （ D） criticize 13 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics. （ A） error （ B） puzzle （ C） attraction （ D） contradiction 14 Mary

7、 said mildly, that she was just curious （ A） gently （ B） shyly （ C） weakly （ D） wildly 15 This is not typical of English,but is a feature of the Chinese language. （ A） particular （ B） characteristic （ C） remarkable （ D） idiomatic 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供

8、的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 G8 Summit Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations (GS) will meet in Scotland in July this year. Representatives from China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil have also been invited. Heres what the G8 leaders want from th

9、e meeting. British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the worlds poorest countries. He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010. He has also proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports. This has not got the

10、approval of ail members because it will hurt their agricultural interests. On climate change, Blair wants concerted (共同的 ) action by reducing carbon emissions (排放 ). US President George W. Bush agrees to give help to Africa. But he says he doesnt like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it wi

11、ll increase corruption. Bush said he would not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit, according to media. The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol (京都议定书 ). Although the US is the worlds biggest polluter, Bush so far refuses to believe there is suf

12、ficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem. French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change. He is determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal. German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blairs Africa proposals. Sc

13、hroders officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africas problems as “old thinking.“ Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove theyve solved the corruption problem. Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to A

14、frica. But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage. Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard (跳板 ) next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of Georgia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Moldova. Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumis priorities are a seat on t

15、he UN Security Council, for which he will be lobbying (游说 ) at the summit. And hes concerned about the Democratic Peoples Republic of Koreas nuclear weapons programme. 16 The G8 countries include China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Blair hopes t

16、hat the G8 countries will work together to reduce carbon emissions. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 India has accepted the invitation to attend the G8 meeting. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Bush agrees to increase aid to Africa. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 C

17、hirac takes a stand similar to Blairs on Africa and climate change （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 According to media, Bush will sign the Kyoto Protocol at the summit. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Japan will reject Blairs proposal to increase aid to Africa. （ A） Right （ B）

18、 Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 A one communication method without integration B development of new telecommunications equipment C the brain of the next generation network

19、 D his particular assigned number E different devices and media F transformation of old circuit-based networks 23 It is not so convenient to use only_. 24 With the use of multi-service networks, users would be able to communicate with one another across_. 25 SoftSwitch is developed by Lucent as_. 26

20、 From this passage we know that in the near future everyone is contacted by others through_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 26 Shrinking Water Supply Poses Threat to Peace “Water, which is essential for life, costs nothing. On the other hand, diamonds, which are

21、essential for nothing, cost a lot. “ Unfortunately, the world has changed considerably since an 18th century economist made this remark. What was true over 200 years ago is certainly no longer true now. In a number of countries people pay as much for water in their homes as they do for electricity.

22、Like health, we ignore water when we have it unless there are floods, of course. Once there is a threat to our water supply, however, water can quickly become the only thing that matters. We know only too well that, without water, there can be no life. The situation is now becoming so bad that envir

23、onmentalists feel it many be necessary to shock the world into saving water in a similar way to the shock caused by the oil crises in the 1970s. At that time, the oil crisis became such a serious threat to the lives of everyone in the developed countries that it made people conscious of the importan

24、ce of saving oil and provided powerful encouragement for governments to look for other forms of energy. The result undoubtedly was of major benefit to energy conservation. There is now no longer an unlimited supply of fresh water. About 97 percent of the planets water is seawater. Another 2 percent

25、is locked in icecaps and glaciers. There are also reserves of fresh water under the earths surface but these are too deep for us to use economically. Unfortunately, competition is growing fiercely for what little water is available. It may be a matter of time before that competition becomes a confli

26、ct. To make matters worse, the worlds population is increasing so rapidly that it is expected to grow to about 8 billion in 30 years-an increase of 60 percent. Moreover, in many developed countries throughout the world, flush lavatories and washing machines mean the average person now uses 300 litre

27、s of water a day compared with 50 at the beginning of the century. At the other extreme, according to the World Health Organization, one quarter of the worlds present population still lacks safe drinking water and proper sanitation. Most live in the southern hemisphere, where supplies of fresh water

28、 are put in jeopardy through dirty industrial practices, poor irrigation and erosion. The social stability of the world is no longer threatened by global wars, the Cold War, . . . However, the supply of water could soon become the chief threat to such stability. There is already evidence of this hap

29、pening, especially in Africa. Recently the Egyptian Government threatened to destroy and dams built on the Nile if they considered the dams would affect their supply of fresh water. What is required immediately is an awareness of the true value of water and the formation of sensible water conservati

30、on strategies. It is also of vital importance to have a consensus on how best to use shared water resources for the benefit of all the countries in the world as well as an examination of the best methods for the distribution of the worlds water. 27 According to the passage, which of the following st

31、atements is true? _ （ A） People now pay as much for water as they did 200 years ago. （ B） People now pay as little for water as they did 200 years ago. （ C） Water now costs as much as it used to. （ D） Water now has become more expensive than it was. 28 Which of the following is NOT the authors purpo

32、se of mentioning the oil crises in the 1970s? _ （ A） To prove that water is as expensive as oil. （ B） To warn the world of a possible water supply crisis. （ C） To call peoples attention to the importance of energy conservation. （ D） To shock the people of the world into saving water. 29 Which of the

33、 following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor that is making the water situation in the world more and more severe? _ （ A） The increase of population. （ B） The use of washing machines. （ C） The use of flush lavatories. （ D） The popularity of swimming pools. 30 Which of the following is cite

34、d by the author as the place where the supply of water is most likely to threaten social stability?_ （ A） Africa. （ B） The southern hemisphere. （ C） Egypt. （ D） All the developed countries. 31 To solve the water supply problem the world today faces, the author suggests at the end of the article doin

35、g all the following except_. （ A） calling peoples attention to the true value of water （ B） blowing up dams that affect the supply of fresh water （ C） adopting sound water conservation policies （ D） finding the best way to distribute the worlds water 32 Death penalty With the possible exception of e

36、qual rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the united States today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders. The principal argument advanced b

37、y those opposed to the death penalty, basically, is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway. In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded histor

38、y there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who were capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder. But some are more extreme than others. For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the m

39、urder of another one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter

40、type murderer. The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is reinforced by evidence which shows that the death penalty deters murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963

41、, when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100,000 population, Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed only once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100,000 population. The sharp climb in

42、 the states murder rate, which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence. It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed, innocent people will be murdered some whose lives may have been saved if the death pena

43、lty were in effect. This is literally a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of innocent people must be protected. 32 The main purpose of this passage is to _. （ A） criticize the government for its incompetence （ B） explain the differences between two types of murders （ C） argue for the valu

44、e of the death penalty （ D） initiate a veto over the bill reestablishing the death penalty 33 The passage attempts to establish a relationship between _. （ A） the importance of equal rights and that of the death penalty （ B） executions and human rights （ C） the effects of execution and the effects o

45、f isolation （ D） the murder rate and the importance of the death penalty 34 The authors response to those who urge the death penalty for all degrees of murder would most likely be _. （ A） hostile （ B） friendly （ C） negative （ D） supportive 35 In the passage the author is primarily concerned with _.

46、（ A） supporting a position （ B） describing an event （ C） analyzing a problem objectively （ D） settling a dispute 36 It can be inferred that the author thinks that _. （ A） the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be debated （ B） the death penalty is the most controversial issu

47、e in the United States today （ C） the veto of the bill reestablishing the death penalty is of little importance （ D） the second type of murderers mentioned in Paragraph 4 should be sentenced to death 37 Development of chemistry Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolut

48、ion in the seventeenth century and then only rather slowly and laboriously. But chemical knowledge is as old as history, being almost entirely concerned with the practical arts of living. Cooking is essentially a chemical process; so is the melting of metals and the administration of drugs. This bas

49、ic chemical knowledge, which was applied in most cases as a rule of thumb (单凭经验来做的方法 ), was nevertheless dependent on previous experiment. It also served to stimulate a fundamental curiosity about the processes themselves. New in formation was always being gained as artisans improved techniques to gain better results. The development of a scientific approach to chemistry was, however, hampered by several factors. The most serious problem was the vast range of material availa