[外语类试卷]职称英语（综合类）B级模拟试卷21及答案与解析.doc

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1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 21及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The aim of the national government is to protect the rights and freedoms. （ A） premise （ B） objective （ C） object （ D） origin 2 The disease was kept under control owing to early diagnosis and

2、treatment. （ A） on virtue with （ B） for virtue of （ C） by virtue of （ D） in virtue with 3 If the test taker finds an item to which an answer is not known, it may be wise to leave it blank and go on with the test. （ A） valuable （ B） advisable （ C） considerable （ D） probable 4 I have traveled through

3、the length and breadth of this country. （ A） extent （ B） border （ C） width （ D） center 5 The contractor underestimated the building costs which turned out to be much more. （ A） estimated （ B） overestimated （ C） undervalued （ D） suppressed 6 The evidence supports the view that under conditions which

4、need it, a cry is a wonderful restorative. （ A） call for （ B） call on （ C） call up （ D） call forth 7 He might have thought it was all right to marry a woman ten years older than him, but in the opinion of his friends he was crazy. （ A） with the eyes of （ B） to the eyes of （ C） against the eyes of （

5、D） in the eyes of 8 In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play necessary roles in raising children. （ A） incapable （ B） indispensable （ C） insensible （ D） infinite 9 I cant make it because of a previous engagement. （ A） primary （ B） prior （ C） temporal （ D） primitive 10 The repu

6、blication of the poets most recent works will certainly enhance his national reputation. （ A） magnify （ B） strengthen （ C） enlarge （ D） improve 11 Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to go backwards, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s. （ A） revolt （ B） r

7、evolve （ C） reverse （ D） revive 12 His boss took him to task for his habitual lack of punctuality. （ A） reprimanded him （ B） reproached him （ C） praised him （ D） criticized him 13 We hadnt met for 20 years, but I recognized her as soon as I saw her. （ A） for the moment （ B） the moment when （ C） at t

8、he moment when （ D） the moment 14 We should be cautious in crossing a crowded street. （ A） careful （ B） intelligent （ C） quiet （ D） weary 15 By the treaty each country pledged itself to assist the other in case of war. （ A） assured （ B） applied （ C） obliged （ D） promised 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分

9、 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提 及，请选择 C。 16 Help Your Child Become a Reader Encouraging early reading skills can build a path to a lifelong (终身的 ) love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school. While reading to your child is

10、 still the most important thing you can do to build reading skills, there are many techniques that can help. Make reading fun. Play games with your child as you read. Many traditional childrens games can be adapted to encourage reading skills. While reading or during play, tell your child, “I spy wi

11、th my little eye, something that begins with the letter b.“ Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letter. For example, “I see a barn.“ This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds. “I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the sound s.“

12、Help the child find a word that begins with the “s“ sound. In this variation on the popular game, instruct the child that, “Simon says, point to something that starts with the letter n.“ The child can then find an object in the room or a body part, such as the nose, that starts with the letter prese

13、nted. This can also be used to teach beginning sounds. Make a game out of rhyming (押韵 ) words by making up silly words to rhyme with the childs name or favorite toys. This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds. As the child masters making up the words,

14、 begin rhyming real words to one another. Tips to raise a successful reader: Put books in places where the child plays. If books are easily accessible, children are more likely to pick them up. Let children “read to you“ by looking at pictures. Making up stories to go along with illustrations helps

15、children discover how words relate to pictures. Take books along on trips or even short visits to the doctors office or grocery store. Have children help you shop. Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps build sight vocabulary. 16 A good reading habit can help your child do well a

16、t school. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Computer games can be used to help children develop their reading skills. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 One of the useful games is to play spy. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 When playing a game you should ask your chil

17、d to find something starting with the letter b instead of c. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The purpose of the rhyming games is to make preparations for children to write poems. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 You can ask your child to tell stories based on pictures. （ A） Ri

18、ght （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 You should take books with you when you go out with your child. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项 测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Keeping Cut Flowers 1

19、While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible, This may be done by keeping In mind a few simple facts. 2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown

20、 that cut carnations (康乃馨 ) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12C than when kept at 26C.Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures Is probably the most Important aspect of flower care. 3 Flowers are not Intended by nature to live very long, Their biological purp

21、ose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination (授粉 ), After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide (工氧化碳 ), called respiration (呼吸 ), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and co

22、lour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration, A result of all this respiration Is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual de

23、ath of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies. 4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true

24、. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly. 5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to “drink“ water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water

25、looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂 ) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to ea

26、ch litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day. 23 A Control of Respiration B Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers C Role of Respiration D Most Important Aspect of Flower Care E Need for Clean Water F Ways of Stopping Respiration 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Paragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 4

27、_. 26 Paragraph 5 _. 27 A by keeping its original shape and colour B in the life of cut flowers C to produce carbon dioxide D for as long as possible E by controlling temperature F to replace the water and solution every day 27 A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers _. 28 Respiration play

28、s a key role _. 29 The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down _. 30 Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个 最佳选项。 31 A Thirsty World The world is not only hungry, it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strang

29、e to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% - the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because

30、some of it is in the form of icebergs (冰山 ) and glaciers (冰川 ). Even worse, some of it has been polluted. At the moment, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. However, our need for water is increasing rapidly. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a seve

31、re worldwide water shortage later on. A limited water supply would have a bad effect on agriculture and industry. In addition to stopping wasting our precious water, one useful step we should take Is to develop ways of reusing it. Experiments have already been done in this field, but only on a small

32、 scale. Today, in most large cities, water is used only once and it eventually returns to the sea or runs into underground storage tanks. But it is possible to pipe water that has been used to a purifying (净化 ) plant. There it can be filtered (过滤 ) and treated with chemicals so that it can be used a

33、gain just as if it were fresh from a spring. But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already

34、 in use in many parts of the world. So if we take all these steps, well be in no danger of drying up! 31 The phrase “the world“ in the first line of the passage refers to （ A） man. （ B） you. （ C） woman. （ D） they. 32 What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present? （ A） Nearly 75

35、 per cent. （ B） About 97 per cent. （ C） Exactly 3 per cent. （ D） Less than 3 per cent. 33 According to the passage, we can avoid a worldwide water shortage in the future by （ A） increasing rainfall. （ B） reusing water and utilizing sea-water. （ C） cutting down our consumption of water. （ D） reducing

36、 the number of factories producing steel. 34 Which of the following statements, according to the passage, is NOT true? （ A） A limited water supply will affect industrial production. （ B） Every large city purifies and reuses its water. （ C） Purified water is not exactly as fresh as spring water. （ D）

37、 Oceans are the largest water source. 35 According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water by （ A） heating it up. （ B） treating it with chemicals. （ C） taking salt out of it. （ D） drying it up. 36 Life in the Universe Many scientists today are convinced that life exists elsewhere in

38、 the universe - life probably much like that on our own planet. They reason in the following way. As far as astronomers (天文学家 ) can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is

39、 reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist. Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere. This eliminates all those planets

40、 in the universe that are not about the same size and weight as the earth. A smaller planet would lose its atmosphere; a larger one would hold too much of it. Life also requires a steady supply of heat and light, This eliminates double stars, or stars that flare up (闪耀 ) suddenly. Only single stars

41、that are steady sources of heat and light like our sun would qualify. Finally, life could evolve only if the planet is just the right distance from its sun. With a weaker sun than our own, the planet would have to be closer to it. With a stronger sun, it would have to be farther away. If we suppose

42、that every star in the universe has a family of planets, then how many planets might support life? First, eliminate those stars that are not like our sun. Next, eliminate most of their planets; they are either too far from or too close to their suns. Then eliminate all those planets which are not th

43、e same size and weight as the earth. Finally, remember that the proper conditions do not necessarily mean that life actually does exist on a planet. It may not have begun yet, or it may have already died out. This process of elimination seems to leave very few planets on which earthlike life might b

44、e found. However, even if life could exist on only one planet in a million, there are so many billions of planets that this would still leave a vast number on which life could exist. 36 Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universe （ A） obeys different laws. （ B） obeys one commo

45、n law. （ C） obeys the same laws. （ D） obeys no common law. 37 The passage mentions all of the following factors for the existence of life EXCEPT （ A） the right amount of atmosphere. （ B） a steady supply of water. （ C） steady heat and light. （ D） the right distance from the sun. 38 Which of the follo

46、wing statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Astronomers believe that the universe is built of the same matter. （ B） Proper conditions are essential to the existence of life. （ C） Double stars can provide steady light and heat. （ D） Astronomers believe that other solar systems are similar in structure to ours

47、. 39 What kind of planet elsewhere in the universe can support life? （ A） Those double stars planets. （ B） Those planets much hotter than our earth. （ C） Those planets similar to the earth. （ D） Those planets very close to their suns. 40 At the end of the passage the author suggests that （ A） it is

48、impossible for life to exist on other planets. （ B） earthlike life could only exist on a few planets. （ C） life could exist on only one planet in a million. （ D） life could exist on a great number of planets. 41 Valuing Childhood The value of childhood is easily blurred (变得模糊不清 ) in todays world. Co

49、nsider some recent developments: The child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an Il-year-old girl in Chicago. Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldnt begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive - youthful jealousy (妒忌 ) and resentment. But a deeper ques