[外语类试卷]考博英语(完形填空)模拟试卷4及答案与解析.doc
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1、考博英语(完形填空)模拟试卷 4及答案与解析 一、 Cloze 0 Predictions of large populations of robots in industry have yet to come true. For a decade or more, manufacturers of big robots have explained how their machines can make industry more competitive and productive. The market for【 1】 robots is now oversup-plied, and t
2、he driving force of the robotics(机器人技术 )revolution is【 2】 to be with makers of machines that handle a few kilos at most. “Heavy-robot manufacturers are in some difficulty【 3】 finding customers. They are offering big【 4】 just to get in the door. There has been a【 5】 growth everywhere in the numbers o
3、f robots, so we have to admit we are either deceiving【 6】 or that the market is slowly growing,“ said John Reekie, Chairman of Colne Robotics. “The following things must happen【 7】 the robotics revolution to occur. We must achieve widespread robot literacy(文化 ),【 8】 there has been a computer literac
4、y program, there must be a robot literacy campaign. We must also【 9】 not just a cut in, but a collapse of robot prices. 【 10】 , some kind of artificial intelligence needs to be【 11】 “ Colne makes educational robots and machine tools. It is small【 12】 with companies like ASEA or Fujitsu Fanuc. But Co
5、lne with others and departments in universities such as Surrey, Manchester, and Durham possess an advantage【 13】 the giants. The big companies sell very expensive【 14】 to businesses with expert knowledge in automation. The【 15】companies make robots for teaching people, and now they have realized the
6、re is a need for small,【 16】 robots that they can meet. The little companies either bring their educational machines【 17】 an industrial standard or design from scratch(从头做起 ). One technique that they all adopt is to choose【 18】 components where possible. The major cost of making【 19】 their models is
7、 the electronics, which will fall in price. There is【 20】 scope for reductions in mechanical costs. The use of standard parts, which are easily replaced, should give these robots a mechanical life of something in the order of five years. 1 【 1】 ( A) small ( B) educational ( C) big ( D) business 2 【
8、2】 ( A) claimed ( B) called ( C) said ( D) told 3 【 3】 ( A) to ( B) with ( C) over ( D) in 4 【 4】 ( A) money ( B) discounts ( C) prices ( D) costs 5 【 5】 ( A) exciting ( B) encouraging ( C) despairing ( D) disappointing 6 【 6】 ( A) ourselves ( B) customers ( C) companies ( D) us 7 【 7】 ( A) to ( B)
9、for ( C) in ( D) with 8 【 8】 ( A) as if ( B) even though ( C) just as ( D) although 9 【 9】 ( A) finish ( B) reach ( C) accomplish ( D) achieve 10 【 10】 ( A) However ( B) Finally ( C) Whereas ( D) Therefore 11 【 11】 ( A) capable ( B) possible ( C) probable ( D) available 12 【 12】 ( A) compared ( B) c
10、omparing ( C) contrasted ( D) contrasting 13 【 13】 ( A) than ( B) above ( C) over ( D) from 14 【 14】 ( A) tools ( B) robots ( C) machines ( D) electronics 15 【 15】 ( A) other ( B) big ( C) little ( D) robot 16 【 16】 ( A) expensive ( B) artificial ( C) educational ( D) low-cost 17 【 17】 ( A) up to (
11、B) to ( C) in ( D) about 18 【 18】 ( A) mechanical ( B) standard ( C) cheap ( D) small 19 【 19】 ( A) much ( B) many ( C) both ( D) some 20 【 20】 ( A) more ( B) less ( C) no ( D) least 20 Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools
12、and to non-native speakers learning the language. It is also the variety which is normally【 1】 by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other【 2】 situations. The difference between standard and non-standard, it should be noted, has【 3】 in principle to do with differences between formal and
13、 colloquial【 4】 ; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants. 【 5】 , the standard variety of English is based on the London【 6】 of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one【 7】 by the e
14、ducated, and it was developed and promoted【 8】 a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the【 9】 that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today,【 10】 English is arranged to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are【 11】 the same e
15、verywhere in the world where English is used;【 12】among local standards is really quite minor,【 13】 the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very【 14】 different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are【 15】 Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a trem
16、endous【 16】 on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects of England have【 17】 much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be【 18】 This latter situation is not unique【 19】 English; it is also true in other countries where processes of standardizat
17、ion are【 20】 . But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational(跨国的 )ones. 21 【 1】 ( A) said ( B) told ( C) talked ( D) spoken 22 【 2】 ( A) same ( B) similar ( C) equal ( D) identical 23 【 3】 ( A) anything (
18、 B) something ( C) nothing ( D) everything 24 【 4】 ( A) language ( B) vocabulary ( C) idioms ( D) words 25 【 5】 ( A) Surprisingly ( B) Historically ( C) Interestingly ( D) Generally 26 【 6】 ( A) accent ( B) pronunciation ( C) spelling ( D) dialect 27 【 7】 ( A) preferred ( B) learned ( C) praised ( D
19、) created 28 【 8】 ( A) to ( B) in ( C) as ( D) for 29 【 9】 ( A) basis ( B) norm ( C) rule ( D) variety 30 【 10】 ( A) formal ( B) colloquial ( C) non-standard ( D) standard 31 【 11】 ( A) not ( B) very ( C) much ( D) hardly 32 【 12】 ( A) variation ( B) standardization ( C) unification ( D) transformat
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