[外语类试卷]考博英语(完形填空)模拟试卷15及答案与解析.doc
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1、考博英语(完形填空)模拟试卷 15及答案与解析 一、 Cloze 0 Sociologists use the term power to refer to the capacity of people or groups to control or influence the actions of others, whether those others wish to cooperate or not. Sociologists study power to【 1】 not only who exercises it, but also why it is exercised and wh
2、o benefits from its use. Of the three main types of desirable wealth, power, and prestige power is the hardest to measure. Most studies of power are nothing more than an average of【 2】 about where power is found. Many forms of power are so【 3】 hidden that only the power holders know their source. Be
3、cause it is so hard to【 4】 , and because it is so tied to questions of ideology, the subject of power who holds it and how it is used is a source of much【 5】 in sociology. Some sociologists maintain that power in America is concentrated in the【 6】 of a few people who have a common【 7】 and who tend t
4、o act together(Dom-hoff, 1983, 1978). C. Wright Mills(1956)【 8】 that America is【 9】 by a “power elite“ and set its total number at no more than 300 people. jOther sociologists believe that power in America is【 10】 among many groups and people(Rose, 1967; Riesman, 1961). Sociologists do agree that re
5、al power may not always lie【 11】 we think it does. The mayors of some cities,【 12】 , are sometimes mere figureheads who simply look impressive. The actual decisions are made by a handful of business leaders who stay behind the【 13】 . And some decisions are made at the lowest level, where the work is
6、 really【 14】 . Such is the【 15】 with the police officer on the beat or the teacher in the classroom. Clearly, power may exist【 16】 wealth; Not all the rich are powerful, and not all the powerful are rich. But the two【 17】 are closely related. Wealth can sometimes buy power. In national politics, for
7、【 18】 , candidates for office are often wealthy. The Kennedy brothers, the three Rockefeller governors, the Roosevelts, and Ronald Reagan are only a few men of wealth who have become powerful in politics. Moreover, power is often used to【 19】 wealth. How many lawmakers, generals, or labor union head
8、s retire【 20】 poverty? 1 【 1】 ( A) settle ( B) determine ( C) consider ( D) judge 2 【 2】 ( A) statistics ( B) guesses ( C) imagination ( D) suspect 3 【 3】 ( A) beautifully ( B) privately ( C) closely ( D) well 4 【 4】 ( A) test ( B) measure ( C) determine ( D) find 5 【 5】 ( A) difference ( B) digress
9、ion ( C) debate ( D) dispute 6 【 6】 ( A) master ( B) hands ( C) control ( D) dominate 7 【 7】 ( A) knowledge ( B) source ( C) sense ( D) background 8 【 8】 ( A) recommended ( B) meant ( C) suggested ( D) said 9 【 9】 ( A) run ( B) motivated ( C) forwarded ( D) supported 10 【 10】 ( A) cut ( B) scattered
10、 ( C) assigned ( D) divided 11 【 11】 ( A) when ( B) where ( C) what ( D) why 12 【 12】 ( A) however ( B) therefore ( C) for example ( D) yet 13 【 13】 ( A) stages ( B) scenes ( C) appearance ( D) reality 14 【 14】 ( A) carried out ( B) acted ( C) experimented ( D) treated 15 【 15】 ( A) problem ( B) con
11、dition ( C) case ( D) situation 16 【 16】 ( A) with ( B) without ( C) together ( D) as 17 【 17】 ( A) kinds ( B) categories ( C) groups ( D) parts 18 【 18】 ( A) a time ( B) instance ( C) all ( D) sure 19 【 19】 ( A) exchange ( B) buy ( C) acquire ( D) accumulate 20 【 20】 ( A) on ( B) in ( C) for ( D) w
12、ith 20 Big cities today are confronted with very serious problems. Transport is a【 1】difficulty: some planners believe in【 2】 transport system; others believe in making it possible for citizens to move【 3】 in private cars. There are several ways of【 4】 a public transport system. Sometimes it is buil
13、t under the ground; sometimes it is on the【 5】 , and sometimes it is even above ground level,【 6】 in parts of New York and Tokyo for example. In most cases, of course, it is a【 7】 of some or all of these elements. The【 8】 of the city centers has also been a problem in the last 30 years. The hearts o
14、f many cities have become poorer and poorer,【 9】 more and more crime and violence, 【 10】 the people who can afford to have moved out to the【 11】 . This is the opposite of the situation 100 years ago,【 12】 wealthy people lived in the center, and the poor lived【 13】 the outskirts of the city. Ecologic
15、al problems also【 14】 , as factories and cars pollute the air, trees are cut down to make【 15】 for urban clearways, and crowded conditions cause garbage to【 16】 in the streets. In order to solve these problems, some planners believe we should limit the size of our cities, perhaps by restricting popu
16、lation, or perhaps by offering【 17】 jobs in the provinces. Others believe that cities cannot be limited in size and that the problems must be solved in a【 18】 of ways by creating green areas, building【 19】 houses for everybody, stopping factory pollution,【 20】 motor transport, and so on. 21 【 1】 ( A
17、) minor ( B) major ( C) little ( D) small 22 【 2】 ( A) mass ( B) mess ( C) massy ( D) messy 23 【 3】 ( A) outside ( B) through ( C) across ( D) about 24 【 4】 ( A) setting up ( B) making up ( C) taking up ( D) building up 25 【 5】 ( A) field ( B) earth ( C) surface ( D) soil 26 【 6】 ( A) like ( B) as (
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