[外语类试卷]考博英语模拟试卷268及答案与解析.doc

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1、考博英语模拟试卷 268及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The mayor was asked to_his speech in order to allow his audience to raise questions. （ A） constrain （ B） conduct （ C） condense （ D） converge 2 The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increased _, a wider range of publicatio

2、ns and an expansion of newspaper jobs. （ A） circulation （ B） reproduction （ C） manipulation （ D） penetration 3 If I had a car of my own, I_it to your sister yesterday. （ A） will lend （ B） would lend （ C） should lend （ D） would have lent 4 The newcomers found it impossible to_themselves to the climat

3、e sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country. （ A） suit （ B） adapt （ C） regulate （ D） coordinate 5 Its a program designed to_mainly to 16 to 25 year olds. （ A） include （ B） appreciate （ C） appeal （ D） conduct 6 The actress lives in a very fashionable_of town. （ A） position （ B） componen

4、t （ C） quarter （ D） zone 7 The store displayed its most_products in the front window. （ A） model （ B） present （ C） distinctive （ D） favorite 8 Bob fails to attend the evening school. He_sick, because he never asks for leave. （ A） may be （ B） can be （ C） must be （ D） is 9 _that my head had cleared, m

5、y brain was also beginning to work much better. （ A） For （ B） Now （ C） Since （ D） Despite 10 Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his_to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied. （ A） comment （ B） reaction （ C） impression （ D） comprehension 11 Althoug

6、h the accident did very little_to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time. （ A） demolishment （ B） ruin （ C） destruction （ D） damage 12 We had to_a lot of noise when the children were at home. （ A） go in for （ B） hold on to （ C） put up with （ D） keep pace with 13 Criticism an

7、d self-criticism are necessary_they help us to find and correct our mistakes. （ A） by that （ B） at that （ C） on that （ D） in that 14 However, at times this balance in nature is_, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects. （ A） troubled （ B） disturbed （ C） confused （ D） puzzled 15 He offer

8、ed to_her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry. （ A） help （ B） show （ C） lend （ D） borrow 16 The patients health failed to such an extent that he was put into_ care. （ A） tense （ B） rigid （ C） intensive （ D） tight 17 A persons calorie requirements vary_his life. （ A） across （ B） thr

9、oughout （ C） over （ D） within 18 Generous public funding of basic science would_considerable benefits for the countrys health, wealth and security. （ A） lead to （ B） result from （ C） lie in （ D） settle down 19 In a time of social reform, peoples state of mind tends to keep_with the rapid changes of

10、society. （ A） step （ B） progress （ C） pace （ D） touch 20 Harry was_by a bee when he was collecting the honey. （ A） stung （ B） stuck （ C） bitten （ D） scratched 二、 Cloze 20 In the past few decades, remarkable findings have been made in ethology, the study of animal social behavior. Earlier scientists

11、had【 C1】 _that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics. Much more careful observation has shown that【 C2】 _variation occurs among the social ties of most species, showing that learning is a part of social life. That is, the【 C3】 _are not solely fixed by the genes.【 C

12、4】 _, the learning that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly【 C5】 _instinctive, but it is not quite like the learning of humans; it is something in between the two. An illustration best【 C6】_the nature of imprinting. Once, biologists thought t

13、hat ducklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that, shortly【 C7】 _they hatch, ducklings fix【 C8】 _any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are【 C9】_for the mother duck at the time when i

14、mprinting occurs. Thus, social ties can be considerably【 C10】 _, even ones that have a considerable base【 C11】 _by genetics. Even among the social insects something like imprinting【 C12】 _influence social behavior. For example, biologists once thought bees communicated with others purely 【 C13】 _ins

15、tinct. But, in examining a “dance“ that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source, observers found that bees raised in isolation could not communicate effectively. At a higher level, the genetic base seems to be much more for an all-purpose learning rather than the more speci

16、fic responses of imprinting. Chimpanzees, for instance, generally【 C14】 _very good mother but Jane Goodall reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or【 C15】 _fail to nurture the young. 21 【 C1】 （ A） assumed （ B） adopted （ C） believed （ D） surmised 22 【 C2】 （ A） considerate （ B） consider

17、ed （ C） considerable （ D） considering 23 【 C3】 （ A） statues （ B） statuses （ C） statutes （ D） statures 24 【 C4】 （ A） Whats more （ B） Hence （ C） But （ D） However 25 【 C5】 （ A） not （ B） only （ C） but （ D） solely 26 【 C6】 （ A） clarifies （ B） classifies （ C） defines （ D） outlines 27 【 C7】 （ A） than （ B）

18、before （ C） when （ D） after 28 【 C8】 （ A） on （ B） with （ C） in （ D） within 29 【 C9】 （ A） appropriated （ B） substituted （ C） assigned （ D） distributed 30 【 C10】 （ A） varied （ B） deviated （ C） differed （ D） altered 31 【 C11】 （ A） fashioned （ B） modified （ C） influenced （ D） affected 32 【 C12】 （ A） may

19、 （ B） should （ C） must （ D） can 33 【 C13】 （ A） by （ B） out of （ C） from （ D） through 34 【 C14】 （ A） prove （ B） make （ C） turn （ D） create 35 【 C15】 （ A） otherwise （ B） still （ C） yet （ D） even 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 Humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurr

20、ences of shortages and droughts are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the worlds population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis. But tha

21、t doesnt have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the worldif we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer

22、 afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want. Instead, for all used except the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the s

23、upply costs. Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions and pumping

24、 it to nearby cropland. No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water use. Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of

25、 water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy. 36 What is the real cause of the potential water crisis? （ A） Only half of the worlds water can be used. （ B） The world population is increasing faster and faster. （ C） Half of the worlds water resources have been se

26、riously polluted. （ D） Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources. 37 As indicated in the passage, the water problem_. （ A） is already serious in certain parts of the world （ B） has been exaggerated by some experts in the field （ C） poses a challenge to the technology of building re

27、servoirs （ D） is underestimated by government organizations at different levels 38 According to the author, the water price should_. （ A） be reduced to the minimum （ B） stimulate domestic demand （ C） correspond to its real value （ D） take into account the occurrences of droughts 39 The author says t

28、hat in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to_. （ A） build big lakes to store water （ B） construct big pumping stations （ C） build small and cheap irrigation systems （ D） channel water from nearby rivers to cropland 40 In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures should be taken

29、 to_. （ A） guarantee full protection of the environment （ B） centralize the management of water resources （ C） increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levels （ D） encourage local and regional protection of water resources 40 Every night she listened to her father going around the hou

30、se, locking the doors and windows. She listened; the back door closed; she could hear the fastener of the kitchen windows click, and the restless pad of his feet going back to try the front door. It wasnt only the outside doors he locked; he locked the empty kitchen too. He was looking something out

31、, but obviously it was something capable of entering into his first defenses. He raised his second line all the way up to bed. In fourteen years, she thought unhappily, the house will be his; he had paid twenty-five pounds down and the rest he was paying month by month as rent. “Of course,“ he was i

32、n the habit of saying, “Ive improved the property. “ “Yes,“ he repeated, “Ive improved the property,“ looking around for a nail to drive in, a weed to uproot. It was more than a sense of property; it was a sense of honesty. Some people who bought their homes through the society let them go to rack a

33、nd ruin and then cleared out. She stood with her ear against the wall, a small, dark, angry, immature figure. There was no more to be heard from the other room; but in her inner ear she still heard the footsteps of a property owner, the tap-tap of a hammer, the scrape of a spade, the whistle of radi

34、ator steam, a key turning, a bolt pushed home, the little busy sounds of men building barriers. She stood planning. 41 Which of the following is TRUE of the father in the passage? （ A） He thought a lot about his daughters future. （ B） He saved a lot of money for his daughter. （ C） He thought that he

35、 was secure. （ D） He avoided his neighbors on purpose. 42 From the passage we can see that the father is_. （ A） kind to his daughter and neighbors （ B） cruel to his daughter and neighbors （ C） systematical in his actions （ D） careful about his appearance 43 According to the passage, the daughters at

36、titude toward her father is of_. （ A） slight dislike （ B） great disapproval （ C） strong love （ D） grateful acceptance 44 Which of the following feelings is conveyed in the passage? （ A） Tenseness. （ B） Peace. （ C） Nervousness. （ D） Happiness. 45 All of the following are true EXCEPT that_. （ A） the f

37、ather built his defenses carefully （ B） some property owners let their homes go worse （ C） the daughter was thin and very young （ D） the father punished the girl when she was young 45 The Internet is a global network that connects other computer networks, together with software and protocols for con

38、trolling the movement of data. The Internet, often referred to as “the Net“, was initiated in 1969 by a group of universities and private research groups funded by the US Department of Defense. It now covers almost every country in the world. Its organization is informal and deliberately nonpolitica

39、l; its controllers tend to concentrate on technical aspects rather than on administrative control. The Internet offers users a number of basic services including data transfer, electronic mail, and the ability to access information in remote databases. A notable feature is the existence of user grou

40、ps, which allow people to exchange information and debate specific subjects of interest. In addition, there are a number of high-level services. For example, MBONE allows the transmission of messages to more than one destination. It is used in videoconferencing. The World Wide Web, known as “the Web

41、“, is another high level Internet service, developed in the 1990s in Geneva. It is a service for distributing multimedia information, including graphics, pictures, sounds, and video as well as text. A feature of the World Wide Web is that it allows links to other related documents elsewhere on the I

42、nternet. Documents for publication on the Web are presented in a form known as HTML(hypertext mark up language). This allows a specification of the page layout and typography as it will appear on the screen. It also allows the inclusion of active links to other documents. Generally, these appear on

43、the screen display as highlighted text or as additional icons. Typically, the user can use a mouse to “click“ on one of these points to load and view a related document. Many commercial and public organizations now have their own Web site(specified by an address code)and publish a “home page“, givin

44、g information about the organization. Up to the mid-1990s, the major users of the Internet were academic and research organizations. This has begun to change rapidly with individual home users linking in through commercial access providers and with a growing interest by companies in using the Intern

45、et for publicity, sales, and as a medium for electronic publishing. At the same time, there are problems with the flow of information across national borders, bringing in debates about copyright protection, data protection, the publication of pornography, and ultimately political control and censors

46、hip. 46 From the first paragraph, we learn that the Internet_. （ A） was initiated by the US Department of Defense in 1969 （ B） was only able to connect computers into networks at its beginning （ C） has not any kind of organization behind it at all （ D） works independently of any governmental control

47、 47 Access to remote information_. （ A） is a high level service provided by the Internet （ B） is the most notable feature with the Internet （ C） is a basic function performed by the Internet （ D） can only be achieved by the Internet 48 It can be inferred that the development of HTML prepared the way

48、 for_. （ A） even farther information transfer （ B） online commercial promotions （ C） academic uses （ D） distributing multimedia information 49 Which of the following is not a problem brought in by the popularization of the Internet? （ A） Difficulty in inspecting the content of publications. （ B） Dif

49、ficulty in protecting copyright across national borders. （ C） Difficulty in promoting sales of superior products. （ D） The possibility that potentially harmful content may be published. 50 This passage focuses on_. （ A） the instructions for the Internet users （ B） the historical development of the Internet （ C） the kinds of data transferred th