[外语类试卷]大学英语六级模拟试卷505及答案与解析.doc
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1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 505及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 1现在社会上很多人提议高考取消英语 2也有人反对高考取消英语的意见,其理由是 3我的看法 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage.
2、 For questions 1-4, mark: Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Instant Expert: Mental Health When the heart bre
3、aks down, it beats irregularly or not at all. A bone can chip or snap. But when the complex network of neurons in our brain fails to function normally, the result can be a near-endless variety and combinations of mental illnesses. Its normal to sometimes be sad, happy, anxious, confused, forgetful o
4、r fearful, but when a persons emotions, thoughts or behavior frequently trouble them, or disrupt their lives, they may be suffering from mental illness. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 450 million people worldwide are affected by mental, neurological or behavioral problems at
5、 any time. However, determining that someone has a mental illness, and which one, is one of the challenges psychiatrists face. One effort to catalogue these afflictions is the “psychiatrists bible“, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-the latest edition fills nearly one thousan
6、d pages and lists over 400 disorders. Diversity of disorders Among the best known and most common mental illnesses is depression-a prolonged, weakening sad- ness, sometimes accompanied by a feeling of hopelessness and thoughts of suicide. Seasonal affective disorder is a type of depression that affe
7、cts some people in the autumn and winter and is triggered by the disappearing hours of daylight and colder temperatures. In bipolar disorder (双极性障碍 ), a person changes from depression to episodes of excessive enthusiasm where they are unrealistically confident in their abilities. Personality disorde
8、rs are behavior patterns that are destructive to the person themselves or those around them. In dissociative disorders, someone experiences a sudden change in consciousness or their concept of self. In dissociative amnesia, for example, the result is a loss of part or all of their memories. Samson,
9、the Biblical strongman, may have suffered from the earliest recorded case of antisocial personality disorder. Anxiety disorders are characterized by powerful feelings of stress and physical signs of fear-sweating, a racing heart-due to some cue in the environment, or for no obvious reason at all. Th
10、ese include post-traumatic (创伤后的 ) stress disorder, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, anger disorders, hypochondria, social phobia, and other phobias including agoraphobia (open spaces), claustrophobia (small spaces), acrophobia (heights), and arachnophobia (spiders). Attention-deficit
11、hyperactivity disorder is among the most common mental illnesses diagnosed in children, affecting their ability to focus and associated with high levels of activity and impulsiveness. Eating disorders involve an unhealthy relationship to food. A sufferer of anorexia nervosa (神经性厌食症 ) will strive for
12、 thinness to the point of starvation, due to a distorted perception of their bodies and dissatisfaction in their sense of control. They engage in cycles of gorging(feed greedily) themselves and then purging through vomiting or the use of some drugs. Muscle dysmorphia is sometimes thought of as a “re
13、verse“ form of anorexia that affects bodybuilders. Sufferers constantly worry that they are too weak despite being extremely strong. Enormous cost Mental illnesses are quite common. As many as one in five people are thought to suffer from mental illness, at least temporarily, each year. Suicide-ofte
14、n the result of untreated mental illness-claims 873000 lives around the world each year. The economic costs of these conditions are also enormous and growing. According to the WHO, depression is expected to account for more lost years of healthy life than any other disease by 2030, except for HIV/AI
15、DS. Even so, the mentally ill face disgrace and discrimination. Studies find people are reluctant to admit they have at mental illness, to seek help, or to stick with treatment. Others are eager to reject the label of a mental illness. For example, some people with autism characterized by difficulty
16、 communicating or socializing insist the condition is not a disorder that needs to be cured, but just part of normal human “neurodiversity“. Underlying causes Historically, some symptoms of mental illness, such as irregular behaviour and hearing voices, have been taken as evidence of heavenly commun
17、ication or possession of magical power. More recently, brain scans have directly linked these conditions with changes in levels of neurotransmitters chemicals that convey messages across neurons-or alterations in the number or structure of neurons in different brain areas. For instance, people suffe
18、ring from depression often display lowered levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. In a few cases, the immediate cause of the malfunction has been identified. Alzheimers disease, a major source of dementia and memory loss ill the elderly, is caused by the accumulation of protein plaques which chok
19、e neurons in the brain. Some infectious diseases can also develop into a mental illness. Untreated HIV infection can cause dementia, as can the uncontrolled replication of the microbe that causes syphilis. Borrelia burgdorferi-the Lyme disease bacterium, responsible for malaria (fever transmitted by
20、 mosquitoes), are also thought capable of triggering a variety of mental illnesses. In many cases the precise cause is unclear and experts suspect that many different factors are involved. One striking example is schizophrenia (精神分裂症 ), distinguished by psychosis. This is a distorted view of reality
21、, which may include hallucinations (illusion of seeing or hearing something not actually present), hearing voices, delusions, and paranoia. The chance that identical twins both develop schizophrenia is much higher than that for fraternal twins or siblings, arguing for the strong role of inherited ge
22、nes. But scientists are accumulating a growing list of other risk factors that predispose people to this condition, including exposure to famine conditions before birth, certain infections or exposure to lead. The season of their birth also seems important-birth in winter or early spring increases t
23、he risk, as does an older father and, controversially, child abuse. Genes are also thought to influence many other mental health problems, including: anorexia, autism, Alzheimers disease and bipolar disorder. Besides, the womb environment, exposure to X-rays, being held in detention centres and havi
24、ng an overactive immune system are also some influencing factors. Some researchers believe that smoking cigarettes and taking recreational drugs like LSD, ecstasy and cannabis, may elevate a users risk of mental illnesses, including schizophrenia, although it can be difficult to assess whether drug
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