[外语类试卷]大学英语六级模拟试卷474及答案与解析.doc
《[外语类试卷]大学英语六级模拟试卷474及答案与解析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《[外语类试卷]大学英语六级模拟试卷474及答案与解析.doc(25页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 474 及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Adaptation of the Classics. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 近来,许多经典名著被改写成各种版本以供大众娱乐 2这种现象产生的原因 3我的看法 On the Ad
2、aptation of the Classics 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark: Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the inf
3、ormation given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Scientists Worry Machines May Outsmart Man A robot that can open doors and find electrical outlets to recharge itself. Com
4、puter viruses that no one can stop. “Predator“ fighters, which, though still controlled remotely by humans, come close to a machine that can kill autonomously. Impressed and alarmed by advances in artificial intelligence, a group of computer scientists is debating whether there should be limits on r
5、esearch that might lead to loss of human control over computer-based systems that carry a growing share of societys workload, from waging war to chatting with customers on the phone. Their concern is that further advances could create profound social disruptions and even have dangerous consequences.
6、 As examples, the scientists pointed to a number of technologies as diverse as experimental medical systems that interact with patients to simulate sympathy, and computer worms and viruses that defy extermination (消灭 ) and could thus be said to have reached a “cockroach“ stage of ma chine intelligen
7、ce. While the computer scientists agreed that we are a long way from Hal, the computer that took over the spaceship in “2001: A Space Odyssey,“ they said there was legitimate concern that technological progress would transform the work force by destroying a widening range of jobs, as well as force h
8、umans to learn to live with machines that increasingly copy human behaviors. The researchersleading computer scientists, artificial intelligence researchers and roboticists who met at the Asilomar Conference Grounds on Monterey Bay in Californiagenerally dismissed the possibility of highly centraliz
9、ed superintelligences and the idea that intelligence might spring spontaneously from the Internet. But they agreed that robots that can kill autonomously are either already here or will be soon. They focused particular attention on the specter that criminals could exploit artificial intelligence sys
10、tems as soon as they were developed. What could a criminal do with a speech synthesis system that could disguise as a human being? What happens if artificial intelligence technology is used to mine personal information from smart phones? The researchers also discussed possible threats to human jobs,
11、 like self-driving cars, software based personal assistants and service robots in the home. Just last month, a service robot developed by Willow Garage in Silicon Valley proved it could navigate the real world. A report from the conference, which took place in private on Feb.25, is to be issued late
12、r this year. Some attendees discussed the meeting for the first time with other scientists this month and in interviews. The conference was organized by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (A.A.A.I.), and in choosing Asilomar for the discussions, the group purposefully evo
13、ked a landmark event (里程碑式事件 ) in the history of science. In 1975, the worlds leading biologists also met at Asilomar to discuss the new ability to reshape life by swapping genetic material among organisms. Concerned about possible biohazards and ethical questions, scientists had halted certain expe
14、riments. The conference led to guidelines for recombinant DNA research, enabling experimentation to continue. The meeting on the future of artificial intelligence was organized by Eric Horvitz, a Microsoft researcher who is now president of the association. Dr. Horvitz said he believed computer scie
15、ntists must respond to the notions of superintelligent machines and artificial intelligence systems run amok (横行 ). The idea of an “intelligence explosion“ in which smart machines would design even more intelligent machines was proposed by the mathematician I.J.Good in 1965. Later, in lectures and s
16、cience fiction novels, the computer scientist Vernor Vinge popularized the notion of a moment when humans will create smarter-than-human machines, causing such rapid change that the “human era will be ended.“ He called this shift the Singularity. This vision, embraced in movies and literature, is se
17、en as plausible and unnerving by some scientists like William Joy, co-founder of Sun Microsystems. Other technologists, notably Raymond Kurzweil, have welcome the coming of ultrasmart machines, saying they will offer huge advances in life extension and wealth creation. “Something new has taken place
18、 in the past five to eight years,“ Dr. Horvitz said. “Technologists are providing almost religious visions, and their ideas are resonating in some ways with the same idea of the Rapture.“ The Kurzweil version of technological utopia has captured imaginations in Silicon Valley. This summer an organiz
19、ation called the Singularity University began offering courses to prepare a “cadre“ to shape the advances and help society cope with the complications. “My sense was that sooner or later we would have to make some sort of statement or assessment, given the rising voice of the technorati and people v
20、ery concerned about the rise of intelligent machines,“ Dr. Horvitz said. The A.A.A.I. report will try to assess the possibility of “the loss of human control of computer-based intelligences.“ It will also grapplez (抓住 ), Dr. Horvitz said, with socioeconomic, legal and ethical issues, as well as prob
21、able changes in human-computer relationships. How would it be, for example, to relate to a machine that is as intelligent as your spouse? Dr. Horvitz said the panel was looking for ways to guide research so that technology im proved society rather than moved it toward a technological catastrophe. So
22、me research might, for instance, be conducted in a high-security laboratory. The meeting on artificial intelligence could be vital to the future of the field. Paul Berg, who was the organizer of the 1975 Asilomar meeting and received a Nobel Prize for chemistry, in 1980, said it was important for sc
23、ientific communities to engage the public before alarm and op position becomes unshakable. “If you wait too long and the sides become entrenched like with G.M.O.,“ he said, referring to genetically modified foods, “then it is very difficult. Its too complex, anti people talk right past each other.“
24、Toni Mitchell, a professor of artificial intelligence and machine learning at Carnegie Mellon University, said the February meeting had changed his thinking. “I am very. optimistic about the future of A.I. and thinking that Bill Joy and Ray Kurzweil were far off in their predictions,“ he said. But,
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
2000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 外语类 试卷 大学 英语六级 模拟 474 答案 解析 DOC
