[外语类试卷]专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷1及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 Life is meant to be lived after all, not just survived. Whether in music or literature, painting or architecture, art is what gives soul to our otherwise routine existence. In fact, art shoul

2、d be around us, not in museums. It should be reflected in our landscape and our buildings. It is far more important for us to let our kids, our future, know that art is neither frivolous nor superfluous. We need to show them that art is more than pleasant pictures or soothing music. Art is innovatio

3、n at its most basic level. Art is conception and inspiration. Most importantly, art is about discovery, not mistakes. In a world where we concentrate on what is right and wrong, what is correct and incorrect, the world of art is a place where judgment is suspended and great discoveries are made beca

4、use of it. 2 I will tell you what literature is! NoI only wish I could. But I cant. Gleams can be thrown on the secret, inklings given, but no more. I will try to give you an inkling. And, to do so, I will take you back into your history, or forward onto it. That evening when you went for a walk wit

5、h your faithful friend, the friend from whom you hid nothingor almost nothing.! You were, in truth, somewhat inclined to hide from him the particular matter which monopolized your mind that evening, but somehow you contrived to get on to it, drawn by an overpowering fascination. And as your friend w

6、as sympathetic and discreet, and flattered you by a respectful curiosity, you proceeded further and further into the said matter, growing more and more confidential, until at last you cried out, in a terrific whisper: “My boy, she is simply miraculous!“ At that moment you were in the domain of liter

7、ature. 3 The air we breathe is so freely available that we take it for granted. Yet without it we could not survive more than a few minutes. For the most part, the same air is available to everyone, and everyone needs it. Some people use the air to sustain them while they sit around and feel sorry f

8、or themselves; others breathe in the air and use the energy it provides to make a magnificent life for themselves. Opportunity is the same way; it is everywhere. Opportunity is so freely available that we take it for granted. Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success. Opportunity must be

9、 seized and acted upon in order to have value. So many people are so anxious to “get in“ on a “ground floor opportunity“, as if the opportunity will do all the work. Thats impossible. Just as you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed. It takes more than just breathing in the fresh air

10、 of opportunity, however. You must make use of that opportunity. It doesnt matter what “floor“ the opportunity is on; what matters is what you do with it. 4 However mean your life is, meet it and live it; do not shun it and call it hard names. It is not so bad as you are. It looks poorest when you a

11、re richest. The faultfinder will find faults in paradise. Love your life, poor as it is. You may perhaps have some pleasant, thrilling, glorious hours, even in a poor-house. The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the alms-house as brightly as from the rich mans abode; the snow melts before

12、 its door as early in the spring. I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there, and have as cheering thoughts, as in a palace. The towns poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any. Maybe they are simply great enough to receive without misgiving. Most think that th

13、ey are above being supported by the town, but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by dishonest means, which should be more disreputable. Cultivate poverty like a garden herb, like sage. Do not trouble yourself much to get new things, whether clothes or friends. Turn the ol

14、d, return to them. Things do not change; we change. Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts. 5 “How love is born,“ said Alehin, “why Pelagea does not love somebody more like herself in her spiritual and external qualities, and why she fell in love with Nikanor, that ugly snoutwe all call him The Sn

15、outhow far questions of personal happiness are of consequence in loveall that is unknown; one can take what view one likes of it. So far only one incontestable truth has been uttered about love: This is a great mystery. Everything else that has been written or said about love is not a conclusion, bu

16、t only a statement of questions which have remained unanswered. The explanation which would seem to fit one case does not apply in a dozen others, and the very best thing, to my mind, would be to explain every case individually without attempting to generalize. We ought, as the doctors say, to indiv

17、idualize each case.“ 专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 1答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 【正确答案】 生命要活得精彩，而不单单是为了生存。不论是音乐、文学、绘画或建筑，任何形式的艺术都可以为我们单调的生活注入新的生命。艺术应该融入我们的生活而不应该只陈列在博物馆里。艺术应该在我们的自然景观和建筑 物中表现出来。 更重要的是让我们的孩子，也就是我们的未来，了解艺术不是毫无意义或者根本不必要的。我们必须让他们明白艺术不只是漂亮的图

18、片或者舒缓的音乐。 艺术就其本质来说是创意活动。是概念的构思和灵感的体现。最重要的是艺术与对错无关。其目的在于发现和探索我们生活的世界。我们向来关心什么是对什么是错什么是正确什么是不正确，但在艺术领域里，我们无须做出任何判断，却能获得重大的发现。 【试题解析】 1、本段围绕艺术展开论述。语言正式、准确、简练，翻译时容易受原语影响，表达易出现偏差因此理 解原文，实现译人语的地道表达是做好翻译的关键。 2、第 1段首句的 be meant(to do)意为 “应该或者必须 (做某事 )”。 live与 survive同义，但二者对比时， live有主动积极的含义， survive则具有消极含义。可

19、把 live译成 “活得精彩 ”、 “活得有品味 ”。 3、第 1段第 2句的 soul意指艺术品的内涵或气魄； otherwise表假设，表示 “要不然；否则 ”的意思，其意义已隐含在汉语译文中，不需单独译出。 4、第 3段前两句中， innovation， conception和 inspiration均为抽 象名词，采用具体译法，分别加上范畴词 “活动 ”、 “构思 ”、 “体现 ”。语义更显丰满，有助于译文达意。 【知识模块】 英译汉 2 【正确答案】 我要跟你讲讲文学是什么 !不 只是但愿能做到，可实际上我做不到。对于文学的奥秘，只能略加阐释，做点提示，仅此而已。我就试着给诸位做点提

20、示吧。为此，我要引导你回顾一下你的历史，或者做一番遐想。比如说那天夜晚你和你的挚友一道散步，你对他可是无话不谈，或者说几乎无话不谈 ! 当时你心头萦绕着一桩不同寻常的事，真有点想对他保守秘密。可你又像中了邪似的，不知怎么就 扯出来了。你的朋友善解人意，又很谨慎，那副急于了解内情、洗耳恭听的样子，让你感到不胜高兴。于是你越说越来劲，越说越推心置腹，最后你激动地低声嚷道： “好家伙，她真是神奇呀 !”这时候，你就进入了文学的领地。 【试题解析】 1、本段句子较短，节奏较快，如何在译文中保持和传译原文的口语风格是关键。 2、第 2、 3句是省略句，翻译时可保留省略形式。 3、第 4句的 gleams

21、与 throw搭配使用，表达 “解释、阐述 ”之义。 4、第 6句的 or forward onto it为 or I will take you forward onto your history之省略形式， forward onto与前面 back into反义对比，译为 “回顾一下你的历史或者做一番遐想 ”。 5、第 8句的 to get on to sth意为 to begin to discuss sth； drawn by意为attracted by，意译为 “不知怎么就扯出来了 ”， an overpowering fascination译为“像中了邪似的 ”，都是口语化的表达。

22、 【知识模块】 英译汉 3 【正确答案】 基本上，谁都能呼吸到空气 ，谁都需要空气。有的人呼吸空气只为碌碌无为地活着，或是在懊悔中度过余生，而有的人呼吸空气，却利用它提供的能量使自己的生活绚丽多彩。机会也是如此，机会无处不在。机会如此易得以至于我们将其视为理所当然。然而只有机会并不能获得成功，我们必须抓住机会，见机行事，创造佳绩。许多人都渴望能夺得先机，似乎只要夺得先机就能万事大吉。这是不可能的。正如你需要呼吸空气一样，你需要机会才能成功，然而成功靠的并不仅仅是随手可得的机会，你必须利用机会。重要的并不是你在哪一个阶段遇见机会，而是面对机会你该如何把握。 【试题解析】 1、本段语言洗练，句式简

23、洁，翻译时需注意保持原文的逻辑连贯性。 2、第 1句的 for the most part原意为 “在极大程度上 ”，现转译为 “基本上 ”，和后面 “谁都能呼吸到空气 ”这一普遍现象相配。 3、第 6句的 be seized and acted upon转译为主动语态 “我们必须抓住机会。见机行事 ”： to have value则译为 “创造佳绩 ”，译文富有节奏和气势。 4、第 7句的 “get in”on a“ground floor opportunity”借用了英文习语 get in on theground floor“从一开始便参加 ”，加引号意在强调 “机会一出现就能抓住 ”

24、，可译为 “夺得先机 ”。 5末句的 what“floor”the opportunity is on呼应前文 ground floor，意译为 “在哪一个阶段遇见机会 ”， floor在此是比喻用法。 【知识模块】 英译汉 4 【正确答案】 尽管生活贫穷，你也要热爱生活。即便是在济贫院里，你也还有愉快、激动、光荣的时候。夕阳反射在济贫院的窗上，像射在富人宅第上一样光亮；在济贫院门前，积雪一样在早春融化。我只看到，一 个心绪宁静的人就算居住在济贫院，生活起来也会心满意足，思想愉悦，如同生活在皇宫中一样。在我看来，城镇中的穷人往往是过着最无拘无束的生活，他们伟大也许正在于他们接受馈赠而无所疑虑。

25、大多数人认为自己超凡脱俗，不需要城镇的资助，然而情况往往是，他们谋生靠的是不正当的手段，这毋宁是更不体面的。视贫穷如园中之花，像圣人一样去培植它吧 !不要为新的花样而自寻烦恼 衣服也好，朋友也好。翻开故往，回归故往。万物未变，我们在变。你的衣服可以卖掉，但你的思想一定要保留。 【试题解析】 1、本段语言虽不特别复杂、但哲理性较 强，意义有时不易把握，因此对原文的正确理解特别重要。 2、第 1句的 poor as it is中的 as作连词用，常置于形容词或副词之后，引导让步状语，如： Talented as he is， he is not yet ready to turn professi

26、onal 3、第 3句包含两个比较句，其中 the snow melts before its door as early in the spring后省略了 as before the gate of the rich mans abode，翻译时需注 意； abode意为 “住所 ”，此处与 the rich man搭配，译为 “富人的宅第 ”。 4、第 4句的 I do not see but系双重否定，意为 “除 以外我没有看到 ”，故译为“我只看到 ”； a quiet mind在此处用以指人，译为 “一个心绪宁静的人 ”。 5、翻译第 6句时，要给句中的 receive增译宾语 (

27、资助馈赠 )，该宾语可从上文的“济贫院 ”和下文的 “城镇的资助 ”推导出。 【知识模块】 英译汉 5 【正确答案】 “爱情是如何产生的呢 ?”阿列恒说， “为什么帕拉吉不爱一个在身心上更像自己 的人，她为什么会爱上尼卡诺，那个丑陋的猪嘴 我们所有人都叫尼卡诺 猪嘴 个人的幸福跟爱情有多大关系 所有这些问题我们都不明所以；对于爱情，每个人的见解都只不过是个人喜好罢了。迄今为止，说到爱情唯一无可置疑的事实就是： 爱是一个大大的谜。 围绕爱情所说和所写的一切都不是结论，而只是对这些仍然没有答案的问题的陈述罢了。一个解释似乎只适合一份单独的爱情，而不适用于其他众多的例子。在我看来，最好的做法就是单独

28、解说每一份爱情，而不要泛泛而论。正如医生们所说的那样，我们应该根据不同病例对症下药。 ” 【试题 解析】 1、本段围绕爱情展开论述，用词正式，语言生动，正确理解原文内容并按汉语习惯表达清楚是本篇翻译成功的关键。 2第 3句的定语从句 that has been written or said about love与 which have remainedunanswered译成汉语时要前置。 3笫 4句的介词短语 without attempting to generalize译为表转折的分句 “而不要泛泛而论 ”， generalize意指 “从个别或某些事例和证据中得出结论 ”。 4最后一句的 to individualize each case译为 “根据不同病例对症下药 ”，其中individualize可理解为 treat separately。 “对症下药 ”是增译词。 【知识模块】 英译汉