[外语类试卷]专业英语八级（科学类新闻听力）模拟试卷1及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级（科学类新闻听力）模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 1 What is the main idea of the news ite

2、m? （ A） NASAs new space shuttle. （ B） NASAs new space mission. （ C） Atlantis crews final shuttle mission. （ D） The four astronauts emergency training. 2 Which of the following statements about the year of 2020 is TRUE? （ A） The four astronauts will retire. （ B） New shuttle fleet will be put into use

3、. （ C） The United States will fund the space station. （ D） People will be able to visit the space outpost. 3 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） Emergency services are needed. （ B） Relief efforts need to be enhanced. （ C） Natural disasters cannot be avoided. （ D） Crisis mapping helps with d

4、isaster relief. 4 Which of the following statements about Japan is TRUE? （ A） Thousands of volunteers rescued people trapped in the rubble. （ B） The United Nations helps to follow a wide range of relief efforts. （ C） Hundreds of people provided information to international aid organizations. （ D） Th

5、e power of the mobile phone became clear in the aftermath of the disaster. 5 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） The problems of image recognition. （ B） The automatic recognition of celebrities. （ C） The technology of automatic photograph storage. （ D） A newly developed reliable face recogn

6、ition system. 6 The automatic face recognition is NOT reliable because_. （ A） the pose or light of the photo may be different （ B） the system would give more results than required （ C） the systems electronic eye leads to wrong images （ D） the database is not large enough for sufficient matching 7 Ac

7、cording to US scientists, a “ universal“ flu vaccine will_. （ A） be delivered to every corner of the world （ B） protect people against all kinds of influenza （ C） replace the current vaccines used in the world （ D） revolutionize the way of manufacturing vaccine 8 Which of the following is CORRECT? （

8、 A） The new flu vaccine is a DNA-based one. （ B） The new flu vaccine is a mutated flu vaccine. （ C） The new flu vaccine needs to grow in chicken eggs. （ D） The new flu vaccine produces antibodies in the body. 9 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） Researchers identified a new way in cancer f

9、ight. （ B） Researchers found why breast cancer forms in mice. （ C） Researchers reduced the risk of cancer in some laboratory animals. （ D） Researchers discovered a new way to distinguish tumors and cancers. 10 According to Varner, when will human testing begin? （ A） Half a year or so from now. （ B）

10、Two years or so from now. （ C） A year or so from now. （ D） As soon as possible. 11 According to Timberlake, which of the following is NOT a threat to wildlife? （ A） Agriculture. （ B） Oil exploration. （ C） Marine activity. （ D） Timber extraction. 12 Which of the following is CORRECT about scientists

11、next year? （ A） They will conduct biodiversity inventories around the world. （ B） They will conduct an inventory of fauna and flora in Mozambique. （ C） They will go to Mozambique to focus on little-known coastal forest areas. （ D） They will take stock of the marine biodiversity in the areas of Madag

12、ascar. 13 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） Women scientists close gender gap in Indonesia. （ B） Education has closed the gender gap in Indonesia. （ C） The situation of gender equality has changed in Indonesia. （ D） Two women scientists discover a new type of plastic. 14 Which of the foll

13、owing is CORRECT? （ A） Neither woman feels like a role model. （ B） Neither woman says that she enjoys her work. （ C） Neither woman supports gender equality in science. （ D） Neither woman competes with men in the field of science. 15 How many women scientists received this year s AWARD fellowship? （

14、A） 180. （ B） 60. （ C） 16. （ D） 1500 16 Which of the following is the goal of AWARD fellowship? （ A） To improve food security across the continent. （ B） To help the women agricultural force in Africa. （ C） To train African female scientists in agriculture. （ D） To help top African female scientists w

15、ith their research. 17 Which of the following statement is CORRECT? （ A） Ardi was an adult male. （ B） Ardi could walk smoothly. （ C） Ardi was first discovered in 1974. （ D） Ardi is the oldest skeleton of a human ancestor. 18 The news item implies that_. （ A） Ardi shared many features with Lucy （ B）

16、Ardi did not evolve from modern chimps （ C） Ardi shared a common ancestor with prehistoric apes （ D） Ardi was the first complete skeleton composed by anthropologists 19 What does the news item say about Amiri? （ A） He is studying in the United States. （ B） He was kidnapped by US agents. （ C） He is a

17、 nuclear scientist. （ D） He is a betrayer. 20 According to Hillary Clinton, Amiri_. （ A） has not been mistreated in the United States （ B） asked for his immediate return to Iran （ C） is free to leave the United States （ D） lied to the media 专业英语八级（科学类新闻听力）模拟试卷 1答案与解析 SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directi

18、ons: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 1 【听力原文】 These four astronauts are about to make an historic journey. Mission Specialist Rex Walhei

19、m, Commander Chris Ferguson, Pilot Doug Hurley and Mission Specialist Sandra Magnus make up the last crew to fly aboard a NASA space shuttle. All members of this Atlantis crew have flown on space shuttles before. But this time it is different, because NASA is retiring the shuttle fleet at the end of

20、 this mission. The astronauts readied for this mission with ascent training in a simulator, water survival training, running through emergency scenarios such as a fake fire on a mock-up of the space station, preparing in virtual reality labs and more simulators, reviewing the tools they might need i

21、n space and practicing post-landing exits from a mock-up of the shuttle. The crew says it is ready for this final mission. This last shuttle flight will help to restock the International Space Station. Although NASA is retiring its shuttle fleet, the United States has committed to funding the space

22、station through 2020. The orbiting lab is as capable as it is today because of the shuttle program. The space outpost where people have lived continuously for more than a decade remains a visible legacy of the 30-year-old shuttle program. 1 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 科学类 2 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 科学类 3 【听力原文】 The powe

23、r of the mobile phone and other social media became clear in the aftermath of the tsunami and earthquake in Japan. Just hours after disaster struck, Japanese volunteers used social media information to create a crisis map. The map indicated hazardous areas and emergency services. Hundreds of people

24、each day posted updates to the map on the Internet, including information from radio stations. Crisis maps also helped with relief efforts in Haiti. Thousands of text messages provided information to international aid organizations about shelter, food supplies and sanitation. A mapping team helped p

25、inpoint search and rescue requests for people trapped in the rubble. Crisis mapping is also being used to keep track of events in Libya. A map is helping the United Nations to follow a wide range of activities, including relief efforts and attacks by government and rebel forces. 3 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 科学

26、类 4 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 科学类 5 【听力原文】 Experts say that automatic face recognition systems, in which a computer attempts to recognize an individual by checking his or her face against thousands of images stored in a database, are gaining in popularity, but are not very reliable. There wont be a match if t

27、he persons face is not contained in the database, or a match may be overlooked if a picture that is in the database looks sufficiently different than the individual standing in front of the systems electronic eye. Experts say thats because the stored photograph may be several years old and bear litt

28、le resemblance to the individual, or the pose or light may be different. Psychologist Rob Jenkins of the University of Glascow and his colleague Mike Burton believe they solved the problem. They randomly gathered 20 images of 25 famous male celebrities on the Internet and fed the photos into a face

29、recognition system that had a database of 31-thousand photos of famous faces. The recognition system accurately identified the individuals, about half of the time. 5 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 科学类 6 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 科学类 7 【听力原文】 Each year, scientists work to develop a unique influenza vaccine to protect people

30、against the strain expected in the coming flu season. Mutations in the virus mean that last years vaccine probably wont protect against this years flu variety. Now, a team of US scientists think theyre on track to developing a “universal“ vaccine that will protect people against all kinds of influen

31、za. The standard flu vaccine causes the body to produces antibodies, which target parts of the virus that frequently mutate. But in a new study, researchers used a vaccine aimed at a different part of the virus. Gary Nabel heads the US government s Vaccine Research Center at the National Institute o

32、f Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health and was the studys lead author, “There are parts of the flu virus that could be the target of what we would hope eventually could be a universal influenza vaccine. They dont mutate, and the reason they dont mutate is that if they

33、 try to. the virus cant survive if you have mutations in these sites.“ To get at these non-mutating parts of the virus, Nabel and his colleagues used a two-step vaccination process, called “prime-boost.“ The first step uses a bit of influenza DNA to get the patients immune system to begin fighting o

34、ff the flu, and then the protection is given a “boost“ some time later by the second step, which can be either another bit of DNA or a conventional flu vaccine. Preliminary phase one tests of this new type of flu vaccine have already started in humans, but in an interview via Skype, Nabel said that

35、even if all goes well, it will still be years before a universal flu vaccine is widely available. Gary Nabel of the US Vaccine Research Center points out that his universal flu vaccine would have another benefit. A DNA-based vaccine wouldnt have to be grown in chicken eggs, doing away with the time-

36、consuming and finicky manufacturing process of the current flu vaccine. 7 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 科学类 8 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 科学类 9 【听力原文】 Scientists have identified a new way of fighting cancer that limits the growth and spread of a variety of tumors in laboratory animals. When you get a cut, the area quickly be

37、comes inflamed swollen, red, and tender as the bodys immune system sends white blood cells to fight infection and heal the wound. The immune system reacts to many cancers in much the same way, says University of California, San Diego researcher Judith Varner. That happens when the immune system cell

38、s are hijacked by the tumor in a way that fosters the growth and spread of tumors. Varner and her colleagues identified a specific enzyme called PI-3 kinase gamma that allows the immune cells to get into the tumor, where it can be compromised. They figured out how to block PI-3 kinase gamma, using e

39、ither drugs or genetic methods, in laboratory mice. In addition to the mice with breast cancer, the researchers also used this approach on a variety of other cancers in laboratory animals and found it was consistently effective across a range of different kinds of tumors. Varner says suppressing PI-

40、3 kinase gamma might in theory also be effective to reduce the risk of cancer in the first place, in cases where chronic inflammation contributes to tumor formation. She says human testing of PI-3 kinase gamma inhibitors to battle cancer could begin as soon as a year or so from now. 9 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块

41、】 科学类 10 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 科学类 11 【听力原文】 The expeditions are being launched by the National Museum of Natural History in Paris and Pro-Natura International, along with the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The first team is setting out in November, to conduct an inventory of fauna and fl

42、ora in little-known areas of Mozambique. Worldwide, scientists have only identified a small fraction of the millions of species they estimate are living on our planet. Taking these kinds of inventories is critical, they say, because habitats are disappearing. A botanist at Londons Royal Botanic Gard

43、ens, Jonathan Timberlake, is a member of the research team going to Mozambique to focus on little-known coastal forest areas. The project is being conducted in close collaboration with Mozambican research institutes. Timberlake says taking stock of the country s biodiversity is critical because Moza

44、mbique is developing rapidly. Agriculture, timber extraction, oil and gas exploration all pose threats to wildlife. Next year, scientists will also take stock of the marine biodiversity in previously unexplored areas of Madagascar. The two projects are part of a massive, 10-year enterprise dubbed “O

45、ur Planet Reviewed.“ The goal is to conduct biodiversity inventories of little known areas around the world that are considered priorities in nature conservation. 11 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 科学类 12 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 科学类 13 【听力原文】 Yanti, a scientist developing new chemical agents to treat inflammatory diseases

46、like arthritis, says there is no significant gender gap in Indonesia, at least not in her field. Yanti, who like many Indonesians uses one name, is a researcher and lecturer in biotechnology at Atma Jaya University in Jakarta. So is Noryawati Mulyono, who is developing a new type of biodegradable pl

47、astic. She says today there are more opportunities for women to compete with men in the field of science. While the United Nations credits Indonesia with near gender parity in the field of science, overall in Asia women only constitute 18 percent of researchers. And despite parity in some fields, In

48、donesia still has a gender gap in the overall literacy rate. Poverty plays a large part in that situation, by keeping many girls out of school, although Indonesia has always valued education for girls as well as boys. Education advocates say in a world where technological innovation is key to develo

49、pment, a gender gap in science can put countries at a competitive disadvantage. Both Yanti and Mulyono recently received fellowships for their research from the cosmetic company LOreal. The awards are given to support gender equality in science. Both women are passionate about their work. Mulyono prefers to spend her vacation, or refreshing time as she calls it, collecting new samples of damar, a substance found in certain trees in Indonesia that she uses in her research. Yanti says the most rewarding aspect of being a scientist