[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷282及答案与解析.doc
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1、专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷 282及答案与解析 一、 PART III LANGUAGE USAGE 0 That large animals require a luxuriant vegetation, has been a general assumption which has passed from one work to another; but I do not hesitate to say that it is completely true, and that it has vitiated the 【 S1】 _ reasoning of geologists on s
2、ome points of great interest in the ancient history of the world. The prejudice has probably derived from India, and 【 S2】 _ the Indian islands, which troops of elephants, noble forests, and 【 S3】 _ impenetrable jungles, are associated together in every ones mind. If, therefore, we refer to any work
3、 of travels through the southern parts of 【 S4】 _ Africa, we shall find illusions in almost every page either to the desert 【 S5】 _ character of the country, nor to the numbers of large animals inhabiting 【 S6】 _ it. The same thing is rendered evident by the many engravings which have been published
4、 of various parts of the interior. Dr. Andrew Smith, who has lately succeeded in passing the Tropic of Capricorn, informs me that, taken into consideration the whole of the 【 S7】 _ southern part of Africa, there can be no doubt of its being a sterile country. On the southern coasts there are some fi
5、ne forests, but without 【 S8】 _ these exceptions, the traveler may pass for days together through open plains, covered by a poor and scanty vegetation. Now, if we look to the animals inhabiting this wide plains, we shall find their numbers 【 S9】 _ extraordinarily great, and their bulk immense. We mu
6、st enumerate the elephant, three species of rhinoceros, the giraffe, two zebras, two gnus, and several antelopes even larger than these latter animals. It may be supposed that even although the species are numerous, the individuals 【 S10】_ of each kind are few. 1 【 S1】 2 【 S2】 3 【 S3】 4 【 S4】 5 【 S5
7、】 6 【 S6】 7 【 S7】 8 【 S8】 9 【 S9】 10 【 S10】 10 The process of acquiring the self-discipline for Japanese begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birth how early the Japanese child is given his own identity! If I was to define in a word【 S1】 _ the attitude of the Japanese toward their c
8、hildren, I would put it in a【 S2】 _ concise word Love! Yes, abundance of love, warmly expressed from the moment which he is put to his mothers breast. For a【 S3】 _ mother this nursing of her child is psychologically important. Rewards are frequent, a bit of candy bestowing at the right【 S4】 _ moment
9、, an inexpensive toy. For time to enter school comes, however,【 S5】 _ discipline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family is greatest【 S6】 _ shame for the child. What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline? It lies, I think, in the fact which the aim of all teaching is the【 S7
10、】 _ establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over and over, and continually practiced until obedience becomes instinctive. This repetition is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They expect a child to obey and to learn through obedience. The demand is gentle at first and tempering to the ch
11、ilds tender age. It is no more【 S8】 _ gentle as time goes on, but certainly it is increasingly inexorable. Now, far away from that warm Japanese home, I reflect what I【 S9】 _ learned there. What, I wonder, will take place of the web of love【 S10】 _ and discipline which for so many centuries has surr
12、ounded the life and thinking of the people of Japan? 11 【 S1】 12 【 S2】 13 【 S3】 14 【 S4】 15 【 S5】 16 【 S6】 17 【 S7】 18 【 S8】 19 【 S9】 20 【 S10】 20 There are four major types of benchmarking activities pursued at Xerox; internal, functional, generic, and competitive. The theory behind internal benchm
13、arking maintains that while large【 S1】 _ organizations have multiples of the same units setting up to perform【 S2】 _ similar activities, information can easily be shared among similar units at the companys advantage. At Xerox, the company utilizes【 S3】 _ internal benchmarking as a device to transfer
14、 opinions, ideas, and information among its divisions. Functional benchmarking is the story of Xeroxs learning relationship with L. L. Bean. In the early 1980s, the members of Xeroxs benchmarking review team found that L. L. Bean, which adopt of the same methods of customer order processing picking【
15、 S4】 _ orders manually as themselves, was three times fast. Thus, Bean【 S5】 _ became Xeroxs functional benchmark in the area of order processing. Generic benchmarking has become Xeroxs focal points. Xerox identified numerous basic business processes, such as order taking, in that they sought improve
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